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27 /* Note: I will not be using a _t suffix for the
28 * "main" ast node types for now.
31 typedef union ast_node_u ast_node;
32 typedef union ast_expression_u ast_expression;
34 typedef struct ast_value_s ast_value;
35 typedef struct ast_function_s ast_function;
36 typedef struct ast_block_s ast_block;
37 typedef struct ast_binary_s ast_binary;
38 typedef struct ast_store_s ast_store;
39 typedef struct ast_binstore_s ast_binstore;
40 typedef struct ast_entfield_s ast_entfield;
41 typedef struct ast_ifthen_s ast_ifthen;
42 typedef struct ast_ternary_s ast_ternary;
43 typedef struct ast_loop_s ast_loop;
44 typedef struct ast_call_s ast_call;
45 typedef struct ast_unary_s ast_unary;
46 typedef struct ast_return_s ast_return;
47 typedef struct ast_member_s ast_member;
48 typedef struct ast_array_index_s ast_array_index;
49 typedef struct ast_breakcont_s ast_breakcont;
50 typedef struct ast_switch_s ast_switch;
51 typedef struct ast_label_s ast_label;
52 typedef struct ast_goto_s ast_goto;
55 TYPE_ast_node, /* 0 */
56 TYPE_ast_expression, /* 1 */
57 TYPE_ast_value, /* 2 */
58 TYPE_ast_function, /* 3 */
59 TYPE_ast_block, /* 4 */
60 TYPE_ast_binary, /* 5 */
61 TYPE_ast_store, /* 6 */
62 TYPE_ast_binstore, /* 7 */
63 TYPE_ast_entfield, /* 8 */
64 TYPE_ast_ifthen, /* 9 */
65 TYPE_ast_ternary, /* 10 */
66 TYPE_ast_loop, /* 11 */
67 TYPE_ast_call, /* 12 */
68 TYPE_ast_unary, /* 13 */
69 TYPE_ast_return, /* 14 */
70 TYPE_ast_member, /* 15 */
71 TYPE_ast_array_index, /* 16 */
72 TYPE_ast_breakcont, /* 17 */
73 TYPE_ast_switch, /* 18 */
74 TYPE_ast_label, /* 19 */
75 TYPE_ast_goto /* 20 */
78 #define ast_istype(x, t) ( ((ast_node_common*)x)->nodetype == (TYPE_##t) )
79 #define ast_ctx(node) (((ast_node_common*)(node))->context)
80 #define ast_side_effects(node) (((ast_node_common*)(node))->side_effects)
82 /* Node interface with common components
84 typedef void ast_node_delete(ast_node*);
88 /* I don't feel comfortable using keywords like 'delete' as names... */
89 ast_node_delete *destroy;
91 /* keep: if a node contains this node, 'keep'
92 * prevents its dtor from destroying this node as well.
98 #define ast_delete(x) (*( ((ast_node*)(x))->node.destroy ))((ast_node*)(x))
99 #define ast_unref(x) do \
101 if (! (((ast_node*)(x))->node.keep) ) { \
106 /* Expression interface
108 * Any expression or block returns an ir_value, and needs
109 * to know the current function.
111 typedef bool ast_expression_codegen(ast_expression*,
115 /* TODO: the codegen function should take an output-type parameter
116 * indicating whether a variable, type, label etc. is expected, and
118 * Then later an ast_ident could have a codegen using this to figure
119 * out what to look for.
120 * eg. in code which uses a not-yet defined variable, the expression
121 * would take an ast_ident, and the codegen would be called with
122 * type `expression`, so the ast_ident's codegen would search for
123 * variables through the environment (or functions, constants...).
127 ast_node_common node;
128 ast_expression_codegen *codegen;
130 ast_expression *next;
131 /* arrays get a member-count */
135 /* The codegen functions should store their output values
136 * so we can call it multiple times without re-evaluating.
137 * Store lvalue and rvalue seperately though. So that
138 * ast_entfield for example can generate both if required.
142 } ast_expression_common;
143 #define AST_FLAG_VARIADIC (1<<0)
144 #define AST_FLAG_NORETURN (1<<1)
145 #define AST_FLAG_INLINE (1<<2)
146 #define AST_FLAG_INITIALIZED (1<<3)
147 #define AST_FLAG_TYPE_MASK (AST_FLAG_VARIADIC | AST_FLAG_NORETURN)
151 * Types are also values, both have a type and a name.
152 * especially considering possible constructs like typedefs.
154 * is like creating a 'float foo', foo serving as the type's name.
158 ast_expression_common expression;
167 int cvq; /* const/var qualifier */
168 bool isfield; /* this declares a field */
180 /* usecount for the parser */
184 ir_value **ir_values;
185 size_t ir_value_count;
187 /* ONLY for arrays in progs version up to 6 */
192 ast_value* ast_value_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name, int qctype);
193 ast_value* ast_value_copy(const ast_value *self);
194 /* This will NOT delete an underlying ast_function */
195 void ast_value_delete(ast_value*);
197 bool ast_value_set_name(ast_value*, const char *name);
199 bool ast_value_codegen(ast_value*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
200 bool ast_local_codegen(ast_value *self, ir_function *func, bool isparam);
201 bool ast_global_codegen(ast_value *self, ir_builder *ir, bool isfield);
203 void ast_value_params_add(ast_value*, ast_value*);
205 bool ast_compare_type(ast_expression *a, ast_expression *b);
206 ast_expression* ast_type_copy(lex_ctx ctx, const ast_expression *ex);
207 #define ast_type_adopt(a, b) ast_type_adopt_impl((ast_expression*)(a), (ast_expression*)(b))
208 bool ast_type_adopt_impl(ast_expression *self, const ast_expression *other);
209 void ast_type_to_string(ast_expression *e, char *buf, size_t bufsize);
213 * A value-returning binary expression.
217 ast_expression_common expression;
220 ast_expression *left;
221 ast_expression *right;
223 ast_binary* ast_binary_new(lex_ctx ctx,
225 ast_expression *left,
226 ast_expression *right);
227 void ast_binary_delete(ast_binary*);
229 bool ast_binary_codegen(ast_binary*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
233 * An assignment including a binary expression with the source as left operand.
234 * Eg. a += b; is a binstore { INSTR_STORE, INSTR_ADD, a, b }
236 struct ast_binstore_s
238 ast_expression_common expression;
242 ast_expression *dest;
243 ast_expression *source;
244 /* for &~= which uses the destination in a binary in source we can use this */
247 ast_binstore* ast_binstore_new(lex_ctx ctx,
250 ast_expression *left,
251 ast_expression *right);
252 void ast_binstore_delete(ast_binstore*);
254 bool ast_binstore_codegen(ast_binstore*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
258 * Regular unary expressions: not,neg
262 ast_expression_common expression;
265 ast_expression *operand;
267 ast_unary* ast_unary_new(lex_ctx ctx,
269 ast_expression *expr);
270 void ast_unary_delete(ast_unary*);
272 bool ast_unary_codegen(ast_unary*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
276 * Make sure 'return' only happens at the end of a block, otherwise the IR
277 * will refuse to create further instructions.
278 * This should be honored by the parser.
282 ast_expression_common expression;
283 ast_expression *operand;
285 ast_return* ast_return_new(lex_ctx ctx,
286 ast_expression *expr);
287 void ast_return_delete(ast_return*);
289 bool ast_return_codegen(ast_return*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
293 * This must do 2 things:
294 * -) Provide a way to fetch an entity field value. (Rvalue)
295 * -) Provide a pointer to an entity field. (Lvalue)
297 * In original QC, there's only a STORE via pointer, but
298 * no LOAD via pointer.
299 * So we must know beforehand if we are going to read or assign
301 * For this we will have to extend the codegen() functions with
302 * a flag saying whether or not we need an L or an R-value.
304 struct ast_entfield_s
306 ast_expression_common expression;
307 /* The entity can come from an expression of course. */
308 ast_expression *entity;
309 /* As can the field, it just must result in a value of TYPE_FIELD */
310 ast_expression *field;
312 ast_entfield* ast_entfield_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *entity, ast_expression *field);
313 ast_entfield* ast_entfield_new_force(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *entity, ast_expression *field, const ast_expression *outtype);
314 void ast_entfield_delete(ast_entfield*);
316 bool ast_entfield_codegen(ast_entfield*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
320 * For now used for vectors. If we get structs or unions
321 * we can have them handled here as well.
325 ast_expression_common expression;
326 ast_expression *owner;
331 ast_member* ast_member_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *owner, unsigned int field, const char *name);
332 void ast_member_delete(ast_member*);
333 bool ast_member_set_name(ast_member*, const char *name);
335 bool ast_member_codegen(ast_member*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
337 /* Array index access:
339 * QC forces us to take special action on arrays:
340 * an ast_store on an ast_array_index must not codegen the index,
341 * but call its setter - unless we have an instruction set which supports
343 * Any other array index access will be codegened to a call to the getter.
344 * In any case, accessing an element via a compiletime-constant index will
345 * result in quick access to that variable.
347 struct ast_array_index_s
349 ast_expression_common expression;
350 ast_expression *array;
351 ast_expression *index;
353 ast_array_index* ast_array_index_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *array, ast_expression *index);
354 void ast_array_index_delete(ast_array_index*);
356 bool ast_array_index_codegen(ast_array_index*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
360 * Stores left<-right and returns left.
361 * Specialized binary expression node
365 ast_expression_common expression;
367 ast_expression *dest;
368 ast_expression *source;
370 ast_store* ast_store_new(lex_ctx ctx, int op,
371 ast_expression *d, ast_expression *s);
372 void ast_store_delete(ast_store*);
374 bool ast_store_codegen(ast_store*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
378 * A general 'if then else' statement, either side can be NULL and will
379 * thus be omitted. It is an error for *both* cases to be NULL at once.
381 * During its 'codegen' it'll be changing the ast_function's block.
383 * An if is also an "expression". Its codegen will put NULL into the
384 * output field though. For ternary expressions an ast_ternary will be
389 ast_expression_common expression;
390 ast_expression *cond;
391 /* It's all just 'expressions', since an ast_block is one too. */
392 ast_expression *on_true;
393 ast_expression *on_false;
395 ast_ifthen* ast_ifthen_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *cond, ast_expression *ontrue, ast_expression *onfalse);
396 void ast_ifthen_delete(ast_ifthen*);
398 bool ast_ifthen_codegen(ast_ifthen*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
400 /* Ternary expressions...
402 * Contrary to 'if-then-else' nodes, ternary expressions actually
403 * return a value, otherwise they behave the very same way.
404 * The difference in 'codegen' is that it'll return the value of
407 * The other difference is that in an ast_ternary, NEITHER side
408 * must be NULL, there's ALWAYS an else branch.
410 * This is the only ast_node beside ast_value which contains
411 * an ir_value. Theoretically we don't need to remember it though.
415 ast_expression_common expression;
416 ast_expression *cond;
417 /* It's all just 'expressions', since an ast_block is one too. */
418 ast_expression *on_true;
419 ast_expression *on_false;
421 ast_ternary* ast_ternary_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *cond, ast_expression *ontrue, ast_expression *onfalse);
422 void ast_ternary_delete(ast_ternary*);
424 bool ast_ternary_codegen(ast_ternary*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
426 /* A general loop node
428 * For convenience it contains 4 parts:
429 * -) (ini) = initializing expression
430 * -) (pre) = pre-loop condition
431 * -) (pst) = post-loop condition
432 * -) (inc) = "increment" expression
433 * The following is a psudo-representation of this loop
434 * note that '=>' bears the logical meaning of "implies".
435 * (a => b) equals (!a || b)
438 while (has_pre => {pre})
442 continue: // a 'continue' will jump here
443 if (has_pst => {pst})
451 ast_expression_common expression;
452 ast_expression *initexpr;
453 ast_expression *precond;
454 ast_expression *postcond;
455 ast_expression *increment;
456 ast_expression *body;
457 /* For now we allow a seperate flag on whether or not the condition
458 * is supposed to be true or false.
459 * That way, the parser can generate a 'while not(!x)' for `while(x)`
460 * if desired, which is useful for the new -f{true,false}-empty-strings
466 ast_loop* ast_loop_new(lex_ctx ctx,
467 ast_expression *initexpr,
468 ast_expression *precond, bool pre_not,
469 ast_expression *postcond, bool post_not,
470 ast_expression *increment,
471 ast_expression *body);
472 void ast_loop_delete(ast_loop*);
474 bool ast_loop_codegen(ast_loop*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
478 struct ast_breakcont_s
480 ast_expression_common expression;
484 ast_breakcont* ast_breakcont_new(lex_ctx ctx, bool iscont, unsigned int levels);
485 void ast_breakcont_delete(ast_breakcont*);
487 bool ast_breakcont_codegen(ast_breakcont*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
491 * A few notes about this: with the original QCVM, no real optimization
492 * is possible. The SWITCH instruction set isn't really helping a lot, since
493 * it only collapes the EQ and IF instructions into one.
494 * Note: Declaring local variables inside caseblocks is normal.
495 * Since we don't have to deal with a stack there's no unnatural behaviour to
496 * be expected from it.
500 ast_expression *value; /* #20 will replace this */
501 ast_expression *code;
505 ast_expression_common expression;
507 ast_expression *operand;
508 ast_switch_case *cases;
511 ast_switch* ast_switch_new(lex_ctx ctx, ast_expression *op);
512 void ast_switch_delete(ast_switch*);
514 bool ast_switch_codegen(ast_switch*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
518 * Introduce a label which can be used together with 'goto'
522 ast_expression_common expression;
528 ast_label* ast_label_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name);
529 void ast_label_delete(ast_label*);
530 void ast_label_register_goto(ast_label*, ast_goto*);
532 bool ast_label_codegen(ast_label*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
536 * Go to a label, the label node is filled in at a later point!
540 ast_expression_common expression;
543 ir_block *irblock_from;
546 ast_goto* ast_goto_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name);
547 void ast_goto_delete(ast_goto*);
548 void ast_goto_set_label(ast_goto*, ast_label*);
550 bool ast_goto_codegen(ast_goto*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
554 * Contains an ast_expression as target, rather than an ast_function/value.
555 * Since it's how QC works, every ast_function has an ast_value
556 * associated anyway - in other words, the VM contains function
557 * pointers for every function anyway. Thus, this node will call
559 * Additionally it contains a list of ast_expressions as parameters.
560 * Since calls can return values, an ast_call is also an ast_expression.
564 ast_expression_common expression;
565 ast_expression *func;
566 ast_expression* *params;
568 ast_call* ast_call_new(lex_ctx ctx,
569 ast_expression *funcexpr);
570 void ast_call_delete(ast_call*);
571 bool ast_call_codegen(ast_call*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
572 bool ast_call_check_types(ast_call*);
579 ast_expression_common expression;
582 ast_expression* *exprs;
583 ast_expression* *collect;
585 ast_block* ast_block_new(lex_ctx ctx);
586 void ast_block_delete(ast_block*);
587 bool ast_block_set_type(ast_block*, ast_expression *from);
589 bool ast_block_codegen(ast_block*, ast_function*, bool lvalue, ir_value**);
590 void ast_block_collect(ast_block*, ast_expression*);
592 bool GMQCC_WARN ast_block_add_expr(ast_block*, ast_expression*);
596 * Contains a list of blocks... at least in theory.
597 * Usually there's just the main block, other blocks are inside that.
599 * Technically, functions don't need to be an AST node, since we have
600 * neither functions inside functions, nor lambdas, and function
601 * pointers could just work with a name. However, this way could be
602 * more flexible, and adds no real complexity.
604 struct ast_function_s
606 ast_node_common node;
613 ir_function *ir_func;
615 ir_block **breakblocks;
616 ir_block **continueblocks;
619 /* In order for early-out logic not to go over
620 * excessive jumps, we remember their target
628 /* in order for thread safety - for the optional
629 * channel abesed multithreading... keeping a buffer
630 * here to use in ast_function_label.
636 ast_function* ast_function_new(lex_ctx ctx, const char *name, ast_value *vtype);
637 /* This will NOT delete the underlying ast_value */
638 void ast_function_delete(ast_function*);
639 /* For "optimized" builds this can just keep returning "foo"...
642 const char* ast_function_label(ast_function*, const char *prefix);
644 bool ast_function_codegen(ast_function *self, ir_builder *builder);
645 bool ast_generate_accessors(ast_value *asvalue, ir_builder *ir);
649 union ast_expression_u
651 ast_expression_common expression;
659 ast_entfield entfield;
666 ast_node_common node;
667 ast_expression expression;