+#define float_nanmask (0x7F800000)
+#define double_nanmask (0x7FF8000000000000)
+#define FLOAT_IS_NAN(x) (((*(int *)&x)&float_nanmask)==float_nanmask)
+#define DOUBLE_IS_NAN(x) (((*(long long *)&x)&double_nanmask)==double_nanmask)
+
+#ifdef VEC_64
+#define VEC_IS_NAN(x) DOUBLE_IS_NAN(x)
+#else
+#define VEC_IS_NAN(x) FLOAT_IS_NAN(x)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PRVM_64
+#define PRVM_IS_NAN(x) DOUBLE_IS_NAN(x)
+#else
+#define PRVM_IS_NAN(x) FLOAT_IS_NAN(x)
+#endif
+
+#define bound(min,num,max) ((num) >= (min) ? ((num) < (max) ? (num) : (max)) : (min))
+
+#ifndef min
+#define min(A,B) ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
+#define max(A,B) ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
+#endif
+
+/// LordHavoc: this function never returns exactly MIN or exactly MAX, because
+/// of a QuakeC bug in id1 where the line
+/// self.nextthink = self.nexthink + random() * 0.5;
+/// can result in 0 (self.nextthink is 0 at this point in the code to begin
+/// with), causing "stone monsters" that never spawned properly, also MAX is
+/// avoided because some people use random() as an index into arrays or for
+/// loop conditions, where hitting exactly MAX may be a fatal error
+#define lhrandom(MIN,MAX) (((double)(rand() + 0.5) / ((double)RAND_MAX + 1)) * ((MAX)-(MIN)) + (MIN))
+
+#define invpow(base,number) (log(number) / log(base))
+
+/// returns log base 2 of "n"
+/// \WARNING: "n" MUST be a power of 2!
+#define log2i(n) ((((n) & 0xAAAAAAAA) != 0 ? 1 : 0) | (((n) & 0xCCCCCCCC) != 0 ? 2 : 0) | (((n) & 0xF0F0F0F0) != 0 ? 4 : 0) | (((n) & 0xFF00FF00) != 0 ? 8 : 0) | (((n) & 0xFFFF0000) != 0 ? 16 : 0))
+
+/// \TODO: what is this function supposed to do?
+#define bit2i(n) log2i((n) << 1)
+
+/// boolean XOR (why doesn't C have the ^^ operator for this purpose?)
+#define boolxor(a,b) (!(a) != !(b))
+
+/// returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to "value", or 0 if "value" is too big
+unsigned int CeilPowerOf2(unsigned int value);
+
+#define DEG2RAD(a) ((a) * ((float) M_PI / 180.0f))
+#define RAD2DEG(a) ((a) * (180.0f / (float) M_PI))
+#define ANGLEMOD(a) ((a) - 360.0 * floor((a) / 360.0))
+
+#define DotProduct2(a,b) ((a)[0]*(b)[0]+(a)[1]*(b)[1])
+#define Vector2Clear(a) ((a)[0]=(a)[1]=0)
+#define Vector2Compare(a,b) (((a)[0]==(b)[0])&&((a)[1]==(b)[1]))
+#define Vector2Copy(a,b) ((b)[0]=(a)[0],(b)[1]=(a)[1])
+#define Vector2Negate(a,b) ((b)[0]=-((a)[0]),(b)[1]=-((a)[1]))
+#define Vector2Set(a,b,c) ((a)[0]=(b),(a)[1]=(c))
+#define Vector2Scale(in, scale, out) ((out)[0] = (in)[0] * (scale),(out)[1] = (in)[1] * (scale))
+#define Vector2Normalize2(v,dest) {float ilength = (float) sqrt(DotProduct2((v),(v)));if (ilength) ilength = 1.0f / ilength;dest[0] = (v)[0] * ilength;dest[1] = (v)[1] * ilength;}
+
+#define DotProduct4(a,b) ((a)[0]*(b)[0]+(a)[1]*(b)[1]+(a)[2]*(b)[2]+(a)[3]*(b)[3])
+#define Vector4Clear(a) ((a)[0]=(a)[1]=(a)[2]=(a)[3]=0)
+#define Vector4Compare(a,b) (((a)[0]==(b)[0])&&((a)[1]==(b)[1])&&((a)[2]==(b)[2])&&((a)[3]==(b)[3]))
+#define Vector4Copy(a,b) ((b)[0]=(a)[0],(b)[1]=(a)[1],(b)[2]=(a)[2],(b)[3]=(a)[3])
+#define Vector4Negate(a,b) ((b)[0]=-((a)[0]),(b)[1]=-((a)[1]),(b)[2]=-((a)[2]),(b)[3]=-((a)[3]))
+#define Vector4Set(a,b,c,d,e) ((a)[0]=(b),(a)[1]=(c),(a)[2]=(d),(a)[3]=(e))
+#define Vector4Normalize2(v,dest) {float ilength = (float) sqrt(DotProduct4((v),(v)));if (ilength) ilength = 1.0f / ilength;dest[0] = (v)[0] * ilength;dest[1] = (v)[1] * ilength;dest[2] = (v)[2] * ilength;dest[3] = (v)[3] * ilength;}
+#define Vector4Subtract(a,b,c) ((c)[0]=(a)[0]-(b)[0],(c)[1]=(a)[1]-(b)[1],(c)[2]=(a)[2]-(b)[2],(c)[3]=(a)[3]-(b)[3])
+#define Vector4Add(a,b,c) ((c)[0]=(a)[0]+(b)[0],(c)[1]=(a)[1]+(b)[1],(c)[2]=(a)[2]+(b)[2],(c)[3]=(a)[3]+(b)[3])
+#define Vector4Scale(in, scale, out) ((out)[0] = (in)[0] * (scale),(out)[1] = (in)[1] * (scale),(out)[2] = (in)[2] * (scale),(out)[3] = (in)[3] * (scale))
+#define Vector4Multiply(a,b,c) ((c)[0]=(a)[0]*(b)[0],(c)[1]=(a)[1]*(b)[1],(c)[2]=(a)[2]*(b)[2],(c)[3]=(a)[3]*(b)[3])
+#define Vector4MA(a, scale, b, c) ((c)[0] = (a)[0] + (scale) * (b)[0],(c)[1] = (a)[1] + (scale) * (b)[1],(c)[2] = (a)[2] + (scale) * (b)[2],(c)[3] = (a)[3] + (scale) * (b)[3])
+#define Vector4Lerp(v1,lerp,v2,c) ((c)[0] = (v1)[0] + (lerp) * ((v2)[0] - (v1)[0]), (c)[1] = (v1)[1] + (lerp) * ((v2)[1] - (v1)[1]), (c)[2] = (v1)[2] + (lerp) * ((v2)[2] - (v1)[2]), (c)[3] = (v1)[3] + (lerp) * ((v2)[3] - (v1)[3]))
+
+#define VectorNegate(a,b) ((b)[0]=-((a)[0]),(b)[1]=-((a)[1]),(b)[2]=-((a)[2]))
+#define VectorSet(a,b,c,d) ((a)[0]=(b),(a)[1]=(c),(a)[2]=(d))
+#define VectorClear(a) ((a)[0]=(a)[1]=(a)[2]=0)
+#define DotProduct(a,b) ((a)[0]*(b)[0]+(a)[1]*(b)[1]+(a)[2]*(b)[2])
+#define VectorSubtract(a,b,c) ((c)[0]=(a)[0]-(b)[0],(c)[1]=(a)[1]-(b)[1],(c)[2]=(a)[2]-(b)[2])
+#define VectorAdd(a,b,c) ((c)[0]=(a)[0]+(b)[0],(c)[1]=(a)[1]+(b)[1],(c)[2]=(a)[2]+(b)[2])
+#define VectorCopy(a,b) ((b)[0]=(a)[0],(b)[1]=(a)[1],(b)[2]=(a)[2])
+#define VectorMultiply(a,b,c) ((c)[0]=(a)[0]*(b)[0],(c)[1]=(a)[1]*(b)[1],(c)[2]=(a)[2]*(b)[2])
+#define CrossProduct(a,b,c) ((c)[0]=(a)[1]*(b)[2]-(a)[2]*(b)[1],(c)[1]=(a)[2]*(b)[0]-(a)[0]*(b)[2],(c)[2]=(a)[0]*(b)[1]-(a)[1]*(b)[0])
+#define VectorNormalize(v) {float ilength = (float) sqrt(DotProduct((v),(v)));if (ilength) ilength = 1.0f / ilength;(v)[0] *= ilength;(v)[1] *= ilength;(v)[2] *= ilength;}
+#define VectorNormalize2(v,dest) {float ilength = (float) sqrt(DotProduct((v),(v)));if (ilength) ilength = 1.0f / ilength;dest[0] = (v)[0] * ilength;dest[1] = (v)[1] * ilength;dest[2] = (v)[2] * ilength;}
+#define VectorNormalizeDouble(v) {double ilength = sqrt(DotProduct((v),(v)));if (ilength) ilength = 1.0 / ilength;(v)[0] *= ilength;(v)[1] *= ilength;(v)[2] *= ilength;}
+#define VectorDistance2(a, b) (((a)[0] - (b)[0]) * ((a)[0] - (b)[0]) + ((a)[1] - (b)[1]) * ((a)[1] - (b)[1]) + ((a)[2] - (b)[2]) * ((a)[2] - (b)[2]))
+#define VectorDistance(a, b) (sqrt(VectorDistance2(a,b)))
+#define VectorLength(a) (sqrt((double)DotProduct(a, a)))
+#define VectorLength2(a) (DotProduct(a, a))
+#define VectorScale(in, scale, out) ((out)[0] = (in)[0] * (scale),(out)[1] = (in)[1] * (scale),(out)[2] = (in)[2] * (scale))
+#define VectorScaleCast(in, scale, outtype, out) ((out)[0] = (outtype) ((in)[0] * (scale)),(out)[1] = (outtype) ((in)[1] * (scale)),(out)[2] = (outtype) ((in)[2] * (scale)))
+#define VectorCompare(a,b) (((a)[0]==(b)[0])&&((a)[1]==(b)[1])&&((a)[2]==(b)[2]))
+#define VectorMA(a, scale, b, c) ((c)[0] = (a)[0] + (scale) * (b)[0],(c)[1] = (a)[1] + (scale) * (b)[1],(c)[2] = (a)[2] + (scale) * (b)[2])
+#define VectorM(scale1, b1, c) ((c)[0] = (scale1) * (b1)[0],(c)[1] = (scale1) * (b1)[1],(c)[2] = (scale1) * (b1)[2])
+#define VectorMAM(scale1, b1, scale2, b2, c) ((c)[0] = (scale1) * (b1)[0] + (scale2) * (b2)[0],(c)[1] = (scale1) * (b1)[1] + (scale2) * (b2)[1],(c)[2] = (scale1) * (b1)[2] + (scale2) * (b2)[2])
+#define VectorMAMAM(scale1, b1, scale2, b2, scale3, b3, c) ((c)[0] = (scale1) * (b1)[0] + (scale2) * (b2)[0] + (scale3) * (b3)[0],(c)[1] = (scale1) * (b1)[1] + (scale2) * (b2)[1] + (scale3) * (b3)[1],(c)[2] = (scale1) * (b1)[2] + (scale2) * (b2)[2] + (scale3) * (b3)[2])
+#define VectorMAMAMAM(scale1, b1, scale2, b2, scale3, b3, scale4, b4, c) ((c)[0] = (scale1) * (b1)[0] + (scale2) * (b2)[0] + (scale3) * (b3)[0] + (scale4) * (b4)[0],(c)[1] = (scale1) * (b1)[1] + (scale2) * (b2)[1] + (scale3) * (b3)[1] + (scale4) * (b4)[1],(c)[2] = (scale1) * (b1)[2] + (scale2) * (b2)[2] + (scale3) * (b3)[2] + (scale4) * (b4)[2])
+#define VectorRandom(v) do{(v)[0] = lhrandom(-1, 1);(v)[1] = lhrandom(-1, 1);(v)[2] = lhrandom(-1, 1);}while(DotProduct(v, v) > 1)
+#define VectorLerp(v1,lerp,v2,c) ((c)[0] = (v1)[0] + (lerp) * ((v2)[0] - (v1)[0]), (c)[1] = (v1)[1] + (lerp) * ((v2)[1] - (v1)[1]), (c)[2] = (v1)[2] + (lerp) * ((v2)[2] - (v1)[2]))
+#define VectorReflect(a,r,b,c) do{double d;d = DotProduct((a), (b)) * -(1.0 + (r));VectorMA((a), (d), (b), (c));}while(0)
+#define BoxesOverlap(a,b,c,d) ((a)[0] <= (d)[0] && (b)[0] >= (c)[0] && (a)[1] <= (d)[1] && (b)[1] >= (c)[1] && (a)[2] <= (d)[2] && (b)[2] >= (c)[2])
+#define BoxInsideBox(a,b,c,d) ((a)[0] >= (c)[0] && (b)[0] <= (d)[0] && (a)[1] >= (c)[1] && (b)[1] <= (d)[1] && (a)[2] >= (c)[2] && (b)[2] <= (d)[2])
+#define TriangleBBoxOverlapsBox(a,b,c,d,e) (min((a)[0], min((b)[0], (c)[0])) < (e)[0] && max((a)[0], max((b)[0], (c)[0])) > (d)[0] && min((a)[1], min((b)[1], (c)[1])) < (e)[1] && max((a)[1], max((b)[1], (c)[1])) > (d)[1] && min((a)[2], min((b)[2], (c)[2])) < (e)[2] && max((a)[2], max((b)[2], (c)[2])) > (d)[2])
+
+#define TriangleNormal(a,b,c,n) ( \
+ (n)[0] = ((a)[1] - (b)[1]) * ((c)[2] - (b)[2]) - ((a)[2] - (b)[2]) * ((c)[1] - (b)[1]), \
+ (n)[1] = ((a)[2] - (b)[2]) * ((c)[0] - (b)[0]) - ((a)[0] - (b)[0]) * ((c)[2] - (b)[2]), \
+ (n)[2] = ((a)[0] - (b)[0]) * ((c)[1] - (b)[1]) - ((a)[1] - (b)[1]) * ((c)[0] - (b)[0]) \
+ )
+
+/*! Fast PointInfrontOfTriangle.
+ * subtracts v1 from v0 and v2, combined into a crossproduct, combined with a
+ * dotproduct of the light location relative to the first point of the
+ * triangle (any point works, since any triangle is obviously flat), and
+ * finally a comparison to determine if the light is infront of the triangle
+ * (the goal of this statement) we do not need to normalize the surface
+ * normal because both sides of the comparison use it, therefore they are
+ * both multiplied the same amount... furthermore a subtract can be done on
+ * the point to eliminate one dotproduct
+ * this is ((p - a) * cross(a-b,c-b))
+ */
+#define PointInfrontOfTriangle(p,a,b,c) \
+( ((p)[0] - (a)[0]) * (((a)[1] - (b)[1]) * ((c)[2] - (b)[2]) - ((a)[2] - (b)[2]) * ((c)[1] - (b)[1])) \
++ ((p)[1] - (a)[1]) * (((a)[2] - (b)[2]) * ((c)[0] - (b)[0]) - ((a)[0] - (b)[0]) * ((c)[2] - (b)[2])) \
++ ((p)[2] - (a)[2]) * (((a)[0] - (b)[0]) * ((c)[1] - (b)[1]) - ((a)[1] - (b)[1]) * ((c)[0] - (b)[0])) > 0)
+
+#if 0
+// readable version, kept only for explanatory reasons
+int PointInfrontOfTriangle(const float *p, const float *a, const float *b, const float *c)
+{
+ float dir0[3], dir1[3], normal[3];
+
+ // calculate two mostly perpendicular edge directions
+ VectorSubtract(a, b, dir0);
+ VectorSubtract(c, b, dir1);