]> de.git.xonotic.org Git - voretournament/voretournament.git/blobdiff - misc/source/gmqcc-src/ir.c
By fteqcc, hello gmqcc
[voretournament/voretournament.git] / misc / source / gmqcc-src / ir.c
diff --git a/misc/source/gmqcc-src/ir.c b/misc/source/gmqcc-src/ir.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..fcf4caa
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,4004 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2012, 2013
+ *     Wolfgang Bumiller
+ *     Dale Weiler
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+ * this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+ * the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+ * use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+ * of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+ * so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "gmqcc.h"
+#include "ir.h"
+
+/***********************************************************************
+ * Type sizes used at multiple points in the IR codegen
+ */
+
+const char *type_name[TYPE_COUNT] = {
+    "void",
+    "string",
+    "float",
+    "vector",
+    "entity",
+    "field",
+    "function",
+    "pointer",
+    "integer",
+    "variant",
+    "struct",
+    "union",
+    "array",
+
+    "nil",
+    "<no-expression>"
+};
+
+static size_t type_sizeof_[TYPE_COUNT] = {
+    1, /* TYPE_VOID     */
+    1, /* TYPE_STRING   */
+    1, /* TYPE_FLOAT    */
+    3, /* TYPE_VECTOR   */
+    1, /* TYPE_ENTITY   */
+    1, /* TYPE_FIELD    */
+    1, /* TYPE_FUNCTION */
+    1, /* TYPE_POINTER  */
+    1, /* TYPE_INTEGER  */
+    3, /* TYPE_VARIANT  */
+    0, /* TYPE_STRUCT   */
+    0, /* TYPE_UNION    */
+    0, /* TYPE_ARRAY    */
+    0, /* TYPE_NIL      */
+    0, /* TYPE_NOESPR   */
+};
+
+const uint16_t type_store_instr[TYPE_COUNT] = {
+    INSTR_STORE_F, /* should use I when having integer support */
+    INSTR_STORE_S,
+    INSTR_STORE_F,
+    INSTR_STORE_V,
+    INSTR_STORE_ENT,
+    INSTR_STORE_FLD,
+    INSTR_STORE_FNC,
+    INSTR_STORE_ENT, /* should use I */
+#if 0
+    INSTR_STORE_I, /* integer type */
+#else
+    INSTR_STORE_F,
+#endif
+
+    INSTR_STORE_V, /* variant, should never be accessed */
+
+    VINSTR_END, /* struct */
+    VINSTR_END, /* union  */
+    VINSTR_END, /* array  */
+    VINSTR_END, /* nil    */
+    VINSTR_END, /* noexpr */
+};
+
+const uint16_t field_store_instr[TYPE_COUNT] = {
+    INSTR_STORE_FLD,
+    INSTR_STORE_FLD,
+    INSTR_STORE_FLD,
+    INSTR_STORE_V,
+    INSTR_STORE_FLD,
+    INSTR_STORE_FLD,
+    INSTR_STORE_FLD,
+    INSTR_STORE_FLD,
+#if 0
+    INSTR_STORE_FLD, /* integer type */
+#else
+    INSTR_STORE_FLD,
+#endif
+
+    INSTR_STORE_V, /* variant, should never be accessed */
+
+    VINSTR_END, /* struct */
+    VINSTR_END, /* union  */
+    VINSTR_END, /* array  */
+    VINSTR_END, /* nil    */
+    VINSTR_END, /* noexpr */
+};
+
+const uint16_t type_storep_instr[TYPE_COUNT] = {
+    INSTR_STOREP_F, /* should use I when having integer support */
+    INSTR_STOREP_S,
+    INSTR_STOREP_F,
+    INSTR_STOREP_V,
+    INSTR_STOREP_ENT,
+    INSTR_STOREP_FLD,
+    INSTR_STOREP_FNC,
+    INSTR_STOREP_ENT, /* should use I */
+#if 0
+    INSTR_STOREP_ENT, /* integer type */
+#else
+    INSTR_STOREP_F,
+#endif
+
+    INSTR_STOREP_V, /* variant, should never be accessed */
+
+    VINSTR_END, /* struct */
+    VINSTR_END, /* union  */
+    VINSTR_END, /* array  */
+    VINSTR_END, /* nil    */
+    VINSTR_END, /* noexpr */
+};
+
+const uint16_t type_eq_instr[TYPE_COUNT] = {
+    INSTR_EQ_F, /* should use I when having integer support */
+    INSTR_EQ_S,
+    INSTR_EQ_F,
+    INSTR_EQ_V,
+    INSTR_EQ_E,
+    INSTR_EQ_E, /* FLD has no comparison */
+    INSTR_EQ_FNC,
+    INSTR_EQ_E, /* should use I */
+#if 0
+    INSTR_EQ_I,
+#else
+    INSTR_EQ_F,
+#endif
+
+    INSTR_EQ_V, /* variant, should never be accessed */
+
+    VINSTR_END, /* struct */
+    VINSTR_END, /* union  */
+    VINSTR_END, /* array  */
+    VINSTR_END, /* nil    */
+    VINSTR_END, /* noexpr */
+};
+
+const uint16_t type_ne_instr[TYPE_COUNT] = {
+    INSTR_NE_F, /* should use I when having integer support */
+    INSTR_NE_S,
+    INSTR_NE_F,
+    INSTR_NE_V,
+    INSTR_NE_E,
+    INSTR_NE_E, /* FLD has no comparison */
+    INSTR_NE_FNC,
+    INSTR_NE_E, /* should use I */
+#if 0
+    INSTR_NE_I,
+#else
+    INSTR_NE_F,
+#endif
+
+    INSTR_NE_V, /* variant, should never be accessed */
+
+    VINSTR_END, /* struct */
+    VINSTR_END, /* union  */
+    VINSTR_END, /* array  */
+    VINSTR_END, /* nil    */
+    VINSTR_END, /* noexpr */
+};
+
+const uint16_t type_not_instr[TYPE_COUNT] = {
+    INSTR_NOT_F, /* should use I when having integer support */
+    VINSTR_END,  /* not to be used, depends on string related -f flags */
+    INSTR_NOT_F,
+    INSTR_NOT_V,
+    INSTR_NOT_ENT,
+    INSTR_NOT_ENT,
+    INSTR_NOT_FNC,
+    INSTR_NOT_ENT, /* should use I */
+#if 0
+    INSTR_NOT_I, /* integer type */
+#else
+    INSTR_NOT_F,
+#endif
+
+    INSTR_NOT_V, /* variant, should never be accessed */
+
+    VINSTR_END, /* struct */
+    VINSTR_END, /* union  */
+    VINSTR_END, /* array  */
+    VINSTR_END, /* nil    */
+    VINSTR_END, /* noexpr */
+};
+
+/* protos */
+static ir_value*       ir_value_var(const char *name, int st, int vtype);
+static bool            ir_value_set_name(ir_value*, const char *name);
+static void            ir_value_dump(ir_value*, int (*oprintf)(const char*,...));
+
+static ir_value*       ir_gen_extparam_proto(ir_builder *ir);
+static void            ir_gen_extparam      (code_t *, ir_builder *ir);
+
+static bool            ir_builder_set_name(ir_builder *self, const char *name);
+
+static ir_function*    ir_function_new(struct ir_builder_s *owner, int returntype);
+static bool            ir_function_set_name(ir_function*, const char *name);
+static void            ir_function_delete(ir_function*);
+static void            ir_function_dump(ir_function*, char *ind, int (*oprintf)(const char*,...));
+
+static ir_value*       ir_block_create_general_instr(ir_block *self, lex_ctx, const char *label,
+                                        int op, ir_value *a, ir_value *b, int outype);
+static void            ir_block_delete(ir_block*);
+static ir_block*       ir_block_new(struct ir_function_s *owner, const char *label);
+static bool GMQCC_WARN ir_block_create_store(ir_block*, lex_ctx, ir_value *target, ir_value *what);
+static bool            ir_block_set_label(ir_block*, const char *label);
+static void            ir_block_dump(ir_block*, char *ind, int (*oprintf)(const char*,...));
+
+static bool            ir_instr_op(ir_instr*, int op, ir_value *value, bool writing);
+static void            ir_instr_delete(ir_instr*);
+static void            ir_instr_dump(ir_instr* in, char *ind, int (*oprintf)(const char*,...));
+/* error functions */
+
+static void irerror(lex_ctx ctx, const char *msg, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, msg);
+    con_cvprintmsg((void*)&ctx, LVL_ERROR, "internal error", msg, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+}
+
+static bool irwarning(lex_ctx ctx, int warntype, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+    bool    r;
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, fmt);
+    r = vcompile_warning(ctx, warntype, fmt, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return r;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+ * Vector utility functions
+ */
+
+static bool GMQCC_WARN vec_ir_value_find(ir_value **vec, const ir_value *what, size_t *idx)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    size_t len = vec_size(vec);
+    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+        if (vec[i] == what) {
+            if (idx) *idx = i;
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool GMQCC_WARN vec_ir_block_find(ir_block **vec, ir_block *what, size_t *idx)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    size_t len = vec_size(vec);
+    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+        if (vec[i] == what) {
+            if (idx) *idx = i;
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool GMQCC_WARN vec_ir_instr_find(ir_instr **vec, ir_instr *what, size_t *idx)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    size_t len = vec_size(vec);
+    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+        if (vec[i] == what) {
+            if (idx) *idx = i;
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+ * IR Builder
+ */
+
+static void ir_block_delete_quick(ir_block* self);
+static void ir_instr_delete_quick(ir_instr *self);
+static void ir_function_delete_quick(ir_function *self);
+
+ir_builder* ir_builder_new(const char *modulename)
+{
+    ir_builder* self;
+
+    self = (ir_builder*)mem_a(sizeof(*self));
+    if (!self)
+        return NULL;
+
+    self->functions   = NULL;
+    self->globals     = NULL;
+    self->fields      = NULL;
+    self->filenames   = NULL;
+    self->filestrings = NULL;
+    self->htglobals   = util_htnew(IR_HT_SIZE);
+    self->htfields    = util_htnew(IR_HT_SIZE);
+    self->htfunctions = util_htnew(IR_HT_SIZE);
+
+    self->extparams       = NULL;
+    self->extparam_protos = NULL;
+
+    self->first_common_globaltemp = 0;
+    self->max_globaltemps         = 0;
+    self->first_common_local      = 0;
+    self->max_locals              = 0;
+
+    self->str_immediate = 0;
+    self->name = NULL;
+    if (!ir_builder_set_name(self, modulename)) {
+        mem_d(self);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    self->nil = ir_value_var("nil", store_value, TYPE_NIL);
+    self->nil->cvq = CV_CONST;
+
+    self->reserved_va_count = NULL;
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+void ir_builder_delete(ir_builder* self)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    util_htdel(self->htglobals);
+    util_htdel(self->htfields);
+    util_htdel(self->htfunctions);
+    mem_d((void*)self->name);
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->functions); ++i) {
+        ir_function_delete_quick(self->functions[i]);
+    }
+    vec_free(self->functions);
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->extparams); ++i) {
+        ir_value_delete(self->extparams[i]);
+    }
+    vec_free(self->extparams);
+    vec_free(self->extparam_protos);
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->globals); ++i) {
+        ir_value_delete(self->globals[i]);
+    }
+    vec_free(self->globals);
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->fields); ++i) {
+        ir_value_delete(self->fields[i]);
+    }
+    ir_value_delete(self->nil);
+    vec_free(self->fields);
+    vec_free(self->filenames);
+    vec_free(self->filestrings);
+    mem_d(self);
+}
+
+bool ir_builder_set_name(ir_builder *self, const char *name)
+{
+    if (self->name)
+        mem_d((void*)self->name);
+    self->name = util_strdup(name);
+    return !!self->name;
+}
+
+static ir_function* ir_builder_get_function(ir_builder *self, const char *name)
+{
+    return (ir_function*)util_htget(self->htfunctions, name);
+}
+
+ir_function* ir_builder_create_function(ir_builder *self, const char *name, int outtype)
+{
+    ir_function *fn = ir_builder_get_function(self, name);
+    if (fn) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    fn = ir_function_new(self, outtype);
+    if (!ir_function_set_name(fn, name))
+    {
+        ir_function_delete(fn);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    vec_push(self->functions, fn);
+    util_htset(self->htfunctions, name, fn);
+
+    fn->value = ir_builder_create_global(self, fn->name, TYPE_FUNCTION);
+    if (!fn->value) {
+        ir_function_delete(fn);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    fn->value->hasvalue = true;
+    fn->value->outtype = outtype;
+    fn->value->constval.vfunc = fn;
+    fn->value->context = fn->context;
+
+    return fn;
+}
+
+static ir_value* ir_builder_get_global(ir_builder *self, const char *name)
+{
+    return (ir_value*)util_htget(self->htglobals, name);
+}
+
+ir_value* ir_builder_create_global(ir_builder *self, const char *name, int vtype)
+{
+    ir_value *ve;
+
+    if (name && name[0] != '#')
+    {
+        ve = ir_builder_get_global(self, name);
+        if (ve) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ve = ir_value_var(name, store_global, vtype);
+    vec_push(self->globals, ve);
+    util_htset(self->htglobals, name, ve);
+    return ve;
+}
+
+ir_value* ir_builder_get_va_count(ir_builder *self)
+{
+    if (self->reserved_va_count)
+        return self->reserved_va_count;
+    return (self->reserved_va_count = ir_builder_create_global(self, "reserved:va_count", TYPE_FLOAT));
+}
+
+static ir_value* ir_builder_get_field(ir_builder *self, const char *name)
+{
+    return (ir_value*)util_htget(self->htfields, name);
+}
+
+
+ir_value* ir_builder_create_field(ir_builder *self, const char *name, int vtype)
+{
+    ir_value *ve = ir_builder_get_field(self, name);
+    if (ve) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    ve = ir_value_var(name, store_global, TYPE_FIELD);
+    ve->fieldtype = vtype;
+    vec_push(self->fields, ve);
+    util_htset(self->htfields, name, ve);
+    return ve;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+ *IR Function
+ */
+
+static bool ir_function_naive_phi(ir_function*);
+static void ir_function_enumerate(ir_function*);
+static bool ir_function_calculate_liferanges(ir_function*);
+static bool ir_function_allocate_locals(ir_function*);
+
+ir_function* ir_function_new(ir_builder* owner, int outtype)
+{
+    ir_function *self;
+    self = (ir_function*)mem_a(sizeof(*self));
+
+    if (!self)
+        return NULL;
+
+    memset(self, 0, sizeof(*self));
+
+    self->name = NULL;
+    if (!ir_function_set_name(self, "<@unnamed>")) {
+        mem_d(self);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    self->flags = 0;
+
+    self->owner = owner;
+    self->context.file = "<@no context>";
+    self->context.line = 0;
+    self->outtype = outtype;
+    self->value = NULL;
+    self->builtin = 0;
+
+    self->params = NULL;
+    self->blocks = NULL;
+    self->values = NULL;
+    self->locals = NULL;
+
+    self->max_varargs = 0;
+
+    self->code_function_def = -1;
+    self->allocated_locals = 0;
+    self->globaltemps      = 0;
+
+    self->run_id = 0;
+    return self;
+}
+
+bool ir_function_set_name(ir_function *self, const char *name)
+{
+    if (self->name)
+        mem_d((void*)self->name);
+    self->name = util_strdup(name);
+    return !!self->name;
+}
+
+static void ir_function_delete_quick(ir_function *self)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    mem_d((void*)self->name);
+
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->blocks); ++i)
+        ir_block_delete_quick(self->blocks[i]);
+    vec_free(self->blocks);
+
+    vec_free(self->params);
+
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->values); ++i)
+        ir_value_delete(self->values[i]);
+    vec_free(self->values);
+
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->locals); ++i)
+        ir_value_delete(self->locals[i]);
+    vec_free(self->locals);
+
+    /* self->value is deleted by the builder */
+
+    mem_d(self);
+}
+
+void ir_function_delete(ir_function *self)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    mem_d((void*)self->name);
+
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->blocks); ++i)
+        ir_block_delete(self->blocks[i]);
+    vec_free(self->blocks);
+
+    vec_free(self->params);
+
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->values); ++i)
+        ir_value_delete(self->values[i]);
+    vec_free(self->values);
+
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->locals); ++i)
+        ir_value_delete(self->locals[i]);
+    vec_free(self->locals);
+
+    /* self->value is deleted by the builder */
+
+    mem_d(self);
+}
+
+static void ir_function_collect_value(ir_function *self, ir_value *v)
+{
+    vec_push(self->values, v);
+}
+
+ir_block* ir_function_create_block(lex_ctx ctx, ir_function *self, const char *label)
+{
+    ir_block* bn = ir_block_new(self, label);
+    bn->context = ctx;
+    vec_push(self->blocks, bn);
+    return bn;
+}
+
+static bool instr_is_operation(uint16_t op)
+{
+    return ( (op >= INSTR_MUL_F  && op <= INSTR_GT) ||
+             (op >= INSTR_LOAD_F && op <= INSTR_LOAD_FNC) ||
+             (op == INSTR_ADDRESS) ||
+             (op >= INSTR_NOT_F  && op <= INSTR_NOT_FNC) ||
+             (op >= INSTR_AND    && op <= INSTR_BITOR) ||
+             (op >= INSTR_CALL0  && op <= INSTR_CALL8) );
+}
+
+static bool ir_function_pass_peephole(ir_function *self)
+{
+    size_t b;
+
+    for (b = 0; b < vec_size(self->blocks); ++b) {
+        size_t    i;
+        ir_block *block = self->blocks[b];
+
+        for (i = 0; i < vec_size(block->instr); ++i) {
+            ir_instr *inst;
+            inst = block->instr[i];
+
+            if (i >= 1 &&
+                (inst->opcode >= INSTR_STORE_F &&
+                 inst->opcode <= INSTR_STORE_FNC))
+            {
+                ir_instr *store;
+                ir_instr *oper;
+                ir_value *value;
+
+                store = inst;
+
+                oper  = block->instr[i-1];
+                if (!instr_is_operation(oper->opcode))
+                    continue;
+
+                if (OPTS_FLAG(LEGACY_VECTOR_MATHS)) {
+                    if (oper->opcode == INSTR_MUL_VF && oper->_ops[2]->memberof == oper->_ops[1])
+                        continue;
+                    if (oper->opcode == INSTR_MUL_FV && oper->_ops[1]->memberof == oper->_ops[2])
+                        continue;
+                }
+
+                value = oper->_ops[0];
+
+                /* only do it for SSA values */
+                if (value->store != store_value)
+                    continue;
+
+                /* don't optimize out the temp if it's used later again */
+                if (vec_size(value->reads) != 1)
+                    continue;
+
+                /* The very next store must use this value */
+                if (value->reads[0] != store)
+                    continue;
+
+                /* And of course the store must _read_ from it, so it's in
+                 * OP 1 */
+                if (store->_ops[1] != value)
+                    continue;
+
+                ++opts_optimizationcount[OPTIM_PEEPHOLE];
+                (void)!ir_instr_op(oper, 0, store->_ops[0], true);
+
+                vec_remove(block->instr, i, 1);
+                ir_instr_delete(store);
+            }
+            else if (inst->opcode == VINSTR_COND)
+            {
+                /* COND on a value resulting from a NOT could
+                 * remove the NOT and swap its operands
+                 */
+                while (true) {
+                    ir_block *tmp;
+                    size_t    inotid;
+                    ir_instr *inot;
+                    ir_value *value;
+                    value = inst->_ops[0];
+
+                    if (value->store != store_value ||
+                        vec_size(value->reads) != 1 ||
+                        value->reads[0] != inst)
+                    {
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    inot = value->writes[0];
+                    if (inot->_ops[0] != value ||
+                        inot->opcode < INSTR_NOT_F ||
+                        inot->opcode > INSTR_NOT_FNC ||
+                        inot->opcode == INSTR_NOT_V || /* can't do these */
+                        inot->opcode == INSTR_NOT_S)
+                    {
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    /* count */
+                    ++opts_optimizationcount[OPTIM_PEEPHOLE];
+                    /* change operand */
+                    (void)!ir_instr_op(inst, 0, inot->_ops[1], false);
+                    /* remove NOT */
+                    tmp = inot->owner;
+                    for (inotid = 0; inotid < vec_size(tmp->instr); ++inotid) {
+                        if (tmp->instr[inotid] == inot)
+                            break;
+                    }
+                    if (inotid >= vec_size(tmp->instr)) {
+                        compile_error(inst->context, "sanity-check failed: failed to find instruction to optimize out");
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    vec_remove(tmp->instr, inotid, 1);
+                    ir_instr_delete(inot);
+                    /* swap ontrue/onfalse */
+                    tmp = inst->bops[0];
+                    inst->bops[0] = inst->bops[1];
+                    inst->bops[1] = tmp;
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool ir_function_pass_tailrecursion(ir_function *self)
+{
+    size_t b, p;
+
+    for (b = 0; b < vec_size(self->blocks); ++b) {
+        ir_value *funcval;
+        ir_instr *ret, *call, *store = NULL;
+        ir_block *block = self->blocks[b];
+
+        if (!block->final || vec_size(block->instr) < 2)
+            continue;
+
+        ret = block->instr[vec_size(block->instr)-1];
+        if (ret->opcode != INSTR_DONE && ret->opcode != INSTR_RETURN)
+            continue;
+
+        call = block->instr[vec_size(block->instr)-2];
+        if (call->opcode >= INSTR_STORE_F && call->opcode <= INSTR_STORE_FNC) {
+            /* account for the unoptimized
+             * CALL
+             * STORE %return, %tmp
+             * RETURN %tmp
+             * version
+             */
+            if (vec_size(block->instr) < 3)
+                continue;
+
+            store = call;
+            call = block->instr[vec_size(block->instr)-3];
+        }
+
+        if (call->opcode < INSTR_CALL0 || call->opcode > INSTR_CALL8)
+            continue;
+
+        if (store) {
+            /* optimize out the STORE */
+            if (ret->_ops[0]   &&
+                ret->_ops[0]   == store->_ops[0] &&
+                store->_ops[1] == call->_ops[0])
+            {
+                ++opts_optimizationcount[OPTIM_PEEPHOLE];
+                call->_ops[0] = store->_ops[0];
+                vec_remove(block->instr, vec_size(block->instr) - 2, 1);
+                ir_instr_delete(store);
+            }
+            else
+                continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!call->_ops[0])
+            continue;
+
+        funcval = call->_ops[1];
+        if (!funcval)
+            continue;
+        if (funcval->vtype != TYPE_FUNCTION || funcval->constval.vfunc != self)
+            continue;
+
+        /* now we have a CALL and a RET, check if it's a tailcall */
+        if (ret->_ops[0] && call->_ops[0] != ret->_ops[0])
+            continue;
+
+        ++opts_optimizationcount[OPTIM_TAIL_RECURSION];
+        vec_shrinkby(block->instr, 2);
+
+        block->final = false; /* open it back up */
+
+        /* emite parameter-stores */
+        for (p = 0; p < vec_size(call->params); ++p) {
+            /* assert(call->params_count <= self->locals_count); */
+            if (!ir_block_create_store(block, call->context, self->locals[p], call->params[p])) {
+                irerror(call->context, "failed to create tailcall store instruction for parameter %i", (int)p);
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        if (!ir_block_create_jump(block, call->context, self->blocks[0])) {
+            irerror(call->context, "failed to create tailcall jump");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        ir_instr_delete(call);
+        ir_instr_delete(ret);
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ir_function_finalize(ir_function *self)
+{
+    size_t i;
+
+    if (self->builtin)
+        return true;
+
+    if (OPTS_OPTIMIZATION(OPTIM_PEEPHOLE)) {
+        if (!ir_function_pass_peephole(self)) {
+            irerror(self->context, "generic optimization pass broke something in `%s`", self->name);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (OPTS_OPTIMIZATION(OPTIM_TAIL_RECURSION)) {
+        if (!ir_function_pass_tailrecursion(self)) {
+            irerror(self->context, "tail-recursion optimization pass broke something in `%s`", self->name);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!ir_function_naive_phi(self)) {
+        irerror(self->context, "internal error: ir_function_naive_phi failed");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->locals); ++i) {
+        ir_value *v = self->locals[i];
+        if (v->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR ||
+            (v->vtype == TYPE_FIELD && v->outtype == TYPE_VECTOR))
+        {
+            ir_value_vector_member(v, 0);
+            ir_value_vector_member(v, 1);
+            ir_value_vector_member(v, 2);
+        }
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->values); ++i) {
+        ir_value *v = self->values[i];
+        if (v->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR ||
+            (v->vtype == TYPE_FIELD && v->outtype == TYPE_VECTOR))
+        {
+            ir_value_vector_member(v, 0);
+            ir_value_vector_member(v, 1);
+            ir_value_vector_member(v, 2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ir_function_enumerate(self);
+
+    if (!ir_function_calculate_liferanges(self))
+        return false;
+    if (!ir_function_allocate_locals(self))
+        return false;
+    return true;
+}
+
+ir_value* ir_function_create_local(ir_function *self, const char *name, int vtype, bool param)
+{
+    ir_value *ve;
+
+    if (param &&
+        vec_size(self->locals) &&
+        self->locals[vec_size(self->locals)-1]->store != store_param) {
+        irerror(self->context, "cannot add parameters after adding locals");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    ve = ir_value_var(name, (param ? store_param : store_local), vtype);
+    if (param)
+        ve->locked = true;
+    vec_push(self->locals, ve);
+    return ve;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+ *IR Block
+ */
+
+ir_block* ir_block_new(ir_function* owner, const char *name)
+{
+    ir_block *self;
+    self = (ir_block*)mem_a(sizeof(*self));
+    if (!self)
+        return NULL;
+
+    memset(self, 0, sizeof(*self));
+
+    self->label = NULL;
+    if (name && !ir_block_set_label(self, name)) {
+        mem_d(self);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    self->owner = owner;
+    self->context.file = "<@no context>";
+    self->context.line = 0;
+    self->final = false;
+
+    self->instr   = NULL;
+    self->entries = NULL;
+    self->exits   = NULL;
+
+    self->eid = 0;
+    self->is_return = false;
+
+    self->living = NULL;
+
+    self->generated = false;
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static void ir_block_delete_quick(ir_block* self)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    if (self->label) mem_d(self->label);
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->instr); ++i)
+        ir_instr_delete_quick(self->instr[i]);
+    vec_free(self->instr);
+    vec_free(self->entries);
+    vec_free(self->exits);
+    vec_free(self->living);
+    mem_d(self);
+}
+
+void ir_block_delete(ir_block* self)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    if (self->label) mem_d(self->label);
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->instr); ++i)
+        ir_instr_delete(self->instr[i]);
+    vec_free(self->instr);
+    vec_free(self->entries);
+    vec_free(self->exits);
+    vec_free(self->living);
+    mem_d(self);
+}
+
+bool ir_block_set_label(ir_block *self, const char *name)
+{
+    if (self->label)
+        mem_d((void*)self->label);
+    self->label = util_strdup(name);
+    return !!self->label;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+ *IR Instructions
+ */
+
+static ir_instr* ir_instr_new(lex_ctx ctx, ir_block* owner, int op)
+{
+    ir_instr *self;
+    self = (ir_instr*)mem_a(sizeof(*self));
+    if (!self)
+        return NULL;
+
+    self->owner = owner;
+    self->context = ctx;
+    self->opcode = op;
+    self->_ops[0] = NULL;
+    self->_ops[1] = NULL;
+    self->_ops[2] = NULL;
+    self->bops[0] = NULL;
+    self->bops[1] = NULL;
+
+    self->phi    = NULL;
+    self->params = NULL;
+
+    self->eid = 0;
+
+    self->likely = true;
+    return self;
+}
+
+static void ir_instr_delete_quick(ir_instr *self)
+{
+    vec_free(self->phi);
+    vec_free(self->params);
+    mem_d(self);
+}
+
+static void ir_instr_delete(ir_instr *self)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    /* The following calls can only delete from
+     * vectors, we still want to delete this instruction
+     * so ignore the return value. Since with the warn_unused_result attribute
+     * gcc doesn't care about an explicit: (void)foo(); to ignore the result,
+     * I have to improvise here and use if(foo());
+     */
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->phi); ++i) {
+        size_t idx;
+        if (vec_ir_instr_find(self->phi[i].value->writes, self, &idx))
+            vec_remove(self->phi[i].value->writes, idx, 1);
+        if (vec_ir_instr_find(self->phi[i].value->reads, self, &idx))
+            vec_remove(self->phi[i].value->reads, idx, 1);
+    }
+    vec_free(self->phi);
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->params); ++i) {
+        size_t idx;
+        if (vec_ir_instr_find(self->params[i]->writes, self, &idx))
+            vec_remove(self->params[i]->writes, idx, 1);
+        if (vec_ir_instr_find(self->params[i]->reads, self, &idx))
+            vec_remove(self->params[i]->reads, idx, 1);
+    }
+    vec_free(self->params);
+    (void)!ir_instr_op(self, 0, NULL, false);
+    (void)!ir_instr_op(self, 1, NULL, false);
+    (void)!ir_instr_op(self, 2, NULL, false);
+    mem_d(self);
+}
+
+static bool ir_instr_op(ir_instr *self, int op, ir_value *v, bool writing)
+{
+    if (self->_ops[op]) {
+        size_t idx;
+        if (writing && vec_ir_instr_find(self->_ops[op]->writes, self, &idx))
+            vec_remove(self->_ops[op]->writes, idx, 1);
+        else if (vec_ir_instr_find(self->_ops[op]->reads, self, &idx))
+            vec_remove(self->_ops[op]->reads, idx, 1);
+    }
+    if (v) {
+        if (writing)
+            vec_push(v->writes, self);
+        else
+            vec_push(v->reads, self);
+    }
+    self->_ops[op] = v;
+    return true;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+ *IR Value
+ */
+
+static void ir_value_code_setaddr(ir_value *self, int32_t gaddr)
+{
+    self->code.globaladdr = gaddr;
+    if (self->members[0]) self->members[0]->code.globaladdr = gaddr;
+    if (self->members[1]) self->members[1]->code.globaladdr = gaddr;
+    if (self->members[2]) self->members[2]->code.globaladdr = gaddr;
+}
+
+static int32_t ir_value_code_addr(const ir_value *self)
+{
+    if (self->store == store_return)
+        return OFS_RETURN + self->code.addroffset;
+    return self->code.globaladdr + self->code.addroffset;
+}
+
+ir_value* ir_value_var(const char *name, int storetype, int vtype)
+{
+    ir_value *self;
+    self = (ir_value*)mem_a(sizeof(*self));
+    self->vtype = vtype;
+    self->fieldtype = TYPE_VOID;
+    self->outtype = TYPE_VOID;
+    self->store = storetype;
+    self->flags = 0;
+
+    self->reads  = NULL;
+    self->writes = NULL;
+
+    self->cvq          = CV_NONE;
+    self->hasvalue     = false;
+    self->context.file = "<@no context>";
+    self->context.line = 0;
+    self->name = NULL;
+    if (name && !ir_value_set_name(self, name)) {
+        irerror(self->context, "out of memory");
+        mem_d(self);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    memset(&self->constval, 0, sizeof(self->constval));
+    memset(&self->code,     0, sizeof(self->code));
+
+    self->members[0] = NULL;
+    self->members[1] = NULL;
+    self->members[2] = NULL;
+    self->memberof = NULL;
+
+    self->unique_life = false;
+    self->locked      = false;
+    self->callparam   = false;
+
+    self->life = NULL;
+    return self;
+}
+
+ir_value* ir_value_vector_member(ir_value *self, unsigned int member)
+{
+    char     *name;
+    size_t    len;
+    ir_value *m;
+    if (member >= 3)
+        return NULL;
+
+    if (self->members[member])
+        return self->members[member];
+
+    if (self->name) {
+        len = strlen(self->name);
+        name = (char*)mem_a(len + 3);
+        memcpy(name, self->name, len);
+        name[len+0] = '_';
+        name[len+1] = 'x' + member;
+        name[len+2] = '\0';
+    }
+    else
+        name = NULL;
+
+    if (self->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+    {
+        m = ir_value_var(name, self->store, TYPE_FLOAT);
+        if (name)
+            mem_d(name);
+        if (!m)
+            return NULL;
+        m->context = self->context;
+
+        self->members[member] = m;
+        m->code.addroffset = member;
+    }
+    else if (self->vtype == TYPE_FIELD)
+    {
+        if (self->fieldtype != TYPE_VECTOR)
+            return NULL;
+        m = ir_value_var(name, self->store, TYPE_FIELD);
+        if (name)
+            mem_d(name);
+        if (!m)
+            return NULL;
+        m->fieldtype = TYPE_FLOAT;
+        m->context = self->context;
+
+        self->members[member] = m;
+        m->code.addroffset = member;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        irerror(self->context, "invalid member access on %s", self->name);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    m->memberof = self;
+    return m;
+}
+
+static GMQCC_INLINE size_t ir_value_sizeof(const ir_value *self)
+{
+    if (self->vtype == TYPE_FIELD && self->fieldtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+        return type_sizeof_[TYPE_VECTOR];
+    return type_sizeof_[self->vtype];
+}
+
+static ir_value* ir_value_out(ir_function *owner, const char *name, int storetype, int vtype)
+{
+    ir_value *v = ir_value_var(name, storetype, vtype);
+    if (!v)
+        return NULL;
+    ir_function_collect_value(owner, v);
+    return v;
+}
+
+void ir_value_delete(ir_value* self)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    if (self->name)
+        mem_d((void*)self->name);
+    if (self->hasvalue)
+    {
+        if (self->vtype == TYPE_STRING)
+            mem_d((void*)self->constval.vstring);
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
+        if (self->members[i])
+            ir_value_delete(self->members[i]);
+    }
+    vec_free(self->reads);
+    vec_free(self->writes);
+    vec_free(self->life);
+    mem_d(self);
+}
+
+bool ir_value_set_name(ir_value *self, const char *name)
+{
+    if (self->name)
+        mem_d((void*)self->name);
+    self->name = util_strdup(name);
+    return !!self->name;
+}
+
+bool ir_value_set_float(ir_value *self, float f)
+{
+    if (self->vtype != TYPE_FLOAT)
+        return false;
+    self->constval.vfloat = f;
+    self->hasvalue = true;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ir_value_set_func(ir_value *self, int f)
+{
+    if (self->vtype != TYPE_FUNCTION)
+        return false;
+    self->constval.vint = f;
+    self->hasvalue = true;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ir_value_set_vector(ir_value *self, vector v)
+{
+    if (self->vtype != TYPE_VECTOR)
+        return false;
+    self->constval.vvec = v;
+    self->hasvalue = true;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ir_value_set_field(ir_value *self, ir_value *fld)
+{
+    if (self->vtype != TYPE_FIELD)
+        return false;
+    self->constval.vpointer = fld;
+    self->hasvalue = true;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ir_value_set_string(ir_value *self, const char *str)
+{
+    if (self->vtype != TYPE_STRING)
+        return false;
+    self->constval.vstring = util_strdupe(str);
+    self->hasvalue = true;
+    return true;
+}
+
+#if 0
+bool ir_value_set_int(ir_value *self, int i)
+{
+    if (self->vtype != TYPE_INTEGER)
+        return false;
+    self->constval.vint = i;
+    self->hasvalue = true;
+    return true;
+}
+#endif
+
+bool ir_value_lives(ir_value *self, size_t at)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->life); ++i)
+    {
+        ir_life_entry_t *life = &self->life[i];
+        if (life->start <= at && at <= life->end)
+            return true;
+        if (life->start > at) /* since it's ordered */
+            return false;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool ir_value_life_insert(ir_value *self, size_t idx, ir_life_entry_t e)
+{
+    size_t k;
+    vec_push(self->life, e);
+    for (k = vec_size(self->life)-1; k > idx; --k)
+        self->life[k] = self->life[k-1];
+    self->life[idx] = e;
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool ir_value_life_merge(ir_value *self, size_t s)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    const size_t vs = vec_size(self->life);
+    ir_life_entry_t *life = NULL;
+    ir_life_entry_t *before = NULL;
+    ir_life_entry_t new_entry;
+
+    /* Find the first range >= s */
+    for (i = 0; i < vs; ++i)
+    {
+        before = life;
+        life = &self->life[i];
+        if (life->start > s)
+            break;
+    }
+    /* nothing found? append */
+    if (i == vs) {
+        ir_life_entry_t e;
+        if (life && life->end+1 == s)
+        {
+            /* previous life range can be merged in */
+            life->end++;
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (life && life->end >= s)
+            return false;
+        e.start = e.end = s;
+        vec_push(self->life, e);
+        return true;
+    }
+    /* found */
+    if (before)
+    {
+        if (before->end + 1 == s &&
+            life->start - 1 == s)
+        {
+            /* merge */
+            before->end = life->end;
+            vec_remove(self->life, i, 1);
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (before->end + 1 == s)
+        {
+            /* extend before */
+            before->end++;
+            return true;
+        }
+        /* already contained */
+        if (before->end >= s)
+            return false;
+    }
+    /* extend */
+    if (life->start - 1 == s)
+    {
+        life->start--;
+        return true;
+    }
+    /* insert a new entry */
+    new_entry.start = new_entry.end = s;
+    return ir_value_life_insert(self, i, new_entry);
+}
+
+static bool ir_value_life_merge_into(ir_value *self, const ir_value *other)
+{
+    size_t i, myi;
+
+    if (!vec_size(other->life))
+        return true;
+
+    if (!vec_size(self->life)) {
+        size_t count = vec_size(other->life);
+        ir_life_entry_t *life = vec_add(self->life, count);
+        memcpy(life, other->life, count * sizeof(*life));
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    myi = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(other->life); ++i)
+    {
+        const ir_life_entry_t *life = &other->life[i];
+        while (true)
+        {
+            ir_life_entry_t *entry = &self->life[myi];
+
+            if (life->end+1 < entry->start)
+            {
+                /* adding an interval before entry */
+                if (!ir_value_life_insert(self, myi, *life))
+                    return false;
+                ++myi;
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if (life->start <  entry->start &&
+                life->end+1 >= entry->start)
+            {
+                /* starts earlier and overlaps */
+                entry->start = life->start;
+            }
+
+            if (life->end   >  entry->end &&
+                life->start <= entry->end+1)
+            {
+                /* ends later and overlaps */
+                entry->end = life->end;
+            }
+
+            /* see if our change combines it with the next ranges */
+            while (myi+1 < vec_size(self->life) &&
+                   entry->end+1 >= self->life[1+myi].start)
+            {
+                /* overlaps with (myi+1) */
+                if (entry->end < self->life[1+myi].end)
+                    entry->end = self->life[1+myi].end;
+                vec_remove(self->life, myi+1, 1);
+                entry = &self->life[myi];
+            }
+
+            /* see if we're after the entry */
+            if (life->start > entry->end)
+            {
+                ++myi;
+                /* append if we're at the end */
+                if (myi >= vec_size(self->life)) {
+                    vec_push(self->life, *life);
+                    break;
+                }
+                /* otherweise check the next range */
+                continue;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool ir_values_overlap(const ir_value *a, const ir_value *b)
+{
+    /* For any life entry in A see if it overlaps with
+     * any life entry in B.
+     * Note that the life entries are orderes, so we can make a
+     * more efficient algorithm there than naively translating the
+     * statement above.
+     */
+
+    ir_life_entry_t *la, *lb, *enda, *endb;
+
+    /* first of all, if either has no life range, they cannot clash */
+    if (!vec_size(a->life) || !vec_size(b->life))
+        return false;
+
+    la = a->life;
+    lb = b->life;
+    enda = la + vec_size(a->life);
+    endb = lb + vec_size(b->life);
+    while (true)
+    {
+        /* check if the entries overlap, for that,
+         * both must start before the other one ends.
+         */
+        if (la->start < lb->end &&
+            lb->start < la->end)
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /* entries are ordered
+         * one entry is earlier than the other
+         * that earlier entry will be moved forward
+         */
+        if (la->start < lb->start)
+        {
+            /* order: A B, move A forward
+             * check if we hit the end with A
+             */
+            if (++la == enda)
+                break;
+        }
+        else /* if (lb->start < la->start)  actually <= */
+        {
+            /* order: B A, move B forward
+             * check if we hit the end with B
+             */
+            if (++lb == endb)
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+ *IR main operations
+ */
+
+static bool ir_check_unreachable(ir_block *self)
+{
+    /* The IR should never have to deal with unreachable code */
+    if (!self->final/* || OPTS_FLAG(ALLOW_UNREACHABLE_CODE)*/)
+        return true;
+    irerror(self->context, "unreachable statement (%s)", self->label);
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool ir_block_create_store_op(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx, int op, ir_value *target, ir_value *what)
+{
+    ir_instr *in;
+    if (!ir_check_unreachable(self))
+        return false;
+
+    if (target->store == store_value &&
+        (op < INSTR_STOREP_F || op > INSTR_STOREP_FNC))
+    {
+        irerror(self->context, "cannot store to an SSA value");
+        irerror(self->context, "trying to store: %s <- %s", target->name, what->name);
+        irerror(self->context, "instruction: %s", asm_instr[op].m);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    in = ir_instr_new(ctx, self, op);
+    if (!in)
+        return false;
+
+    if (!ir_instr_op(in, 0, target, (op < INSTR_STOREP_F || op > INSTR_STOREP_FNC)) ||
+        !ir_instr_op(in, 1, what, false))
+    {
+        ir_instr_delete(in);
+        return false;
+    }
+    vec_push(self->instr, in);
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool ir_block_create_store(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx, ir_value *target, ir_value *what)
+{
+    int op = 0;
+    int vtype;
+    if (target->vtype == TYPE_VARIANT)
+        vtype = what->vtype;
+    else
+        vtype = target->vtype;
+
+#if 0
+    if      (vtype == TYPE_FLOAT   && what->vtype == TYPE_INTEGER)
+        op = INSTR_CONV_ITOF;
+    else if (vtype == TYPE_INTEGER && what->vtype == TYPE_FLOAT)
+        op = INSTR_CONV_FTOI;
+#endif
+        op = type_store_instr[vtype];
+
+    if (OPTS_FLAG(ADJUST_VECTOR_FIELDS)) {
+        if (op == INSTR_STORE_FLD && what->fieldtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+            op = INSTR_STORE_V;
+    }
+
+    return ir_block_create_store_op(self, ctx, op, target, what);
+}
+
+bool ir_block_create_storep(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx, ir_value *target, ir_value *what)
+{
+    int op = 0;
+    int vtype;
+
+    if (target->vtype != TYPE_POINTER)
+        return false;
+
+    /* storing using pointer - target is a pointer, type must be
+     * inferred from source
+     */
+    vtype = what->vtype;
+
+    op = type_storep_instr[vtype];
+    if (OPTS_FLAG(ADJUST_VECTOR_FIELDS)) {
+        if (op == INSTR_STOREP_FLD && what->fieldtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+            op = INSTR_STOREP_V;
+    }
+
+    return ir_block_create_store_op(self, ctx, op, target, what);
+}
+
+bool ir_block_create_return(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx, ir_value *v)
+{
+    ir_instr *in;
+    if (!ir_check_unreachable(self))
+        return false;
+    self->final = true;
+    self->is_return = true;
+    in = ir_instr_new(ctx, self, INSTR_RETURN);
+    if (!in)
+        return false;
+
+    if (v && !ir_instr_op(in, 0, v, false)) {
+        ir_instr_delete(in);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    vec_push(self->instr, in);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ir_block_create_if(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx, ir_value *v,
+                        ir_block *ontrue, ir_block *onfalse)
+{
+    ir_instr *in;
+    if (!ir_check_unreachable(self))
+        return false;
+    self->final = true;
+    /*in = ir_instr_new(ctx, self, (v->vtype == TYPE_STRING ? INSTR_IF_S : INSTR_IF_F));*/
+    in = ir_instr_new(ctx, self, VINSTR_COND);
+    if (!in)
+        return false;
+
+    if (!ir_instr_op(in, 0, v, false)) {
+        ir_instr_delete(in);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    in->bops[0] = ontrue;
+    in->bops[1] = onfalse;
+
+    vec_push(self->instr, in);
+
+    vec_push(self->exits, ontrue);
+    vec_push(self->exits, onfalse);
+    vec_push(ontrue->entries,  self);
+    vec_push(onfalse->entries, self);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ir_block_create_jump(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx, ir_block *to)
+{
+    ir_instr *in;
+    if (!ir_check_unreachable(self))
+        return false;
+    self->final = true;
+    in = ir_instr_new(ctx, self, VINSTR_JUMP);
+    if (!in)
+        return false;
+
+    in->bops[0] = to;
+    vec_push(self->instr, in);
+
+    vec_push(self->exits, to);
+    vec_push(to->entries, self);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ir_block_create_goto(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx, ir_block *to)
+{
+    self->owner->flags |= IR_FLAG_HAS_GOTO;
+    return ir_block_create_jump(self, ctx, to);
+}
+
+ir_instr* ir_block_create_phi(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx, const char *label, int ot)
+{
+    ir_value *out;
+    ir_instr *in;
+    if (!ir_check_unreachable(self))
+        return NULL;
+    in = ir_instr_new(ctx, self, VINSTR_PHI);
+    if (!in)
+        return NULL;
+    out = ir_value_out(self->owner, label, store_value, ot);
+    if (!out) {
+        ir_instr_delete(in);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    if (!ir_instr_op(in, 0, out, true)) {
+        ir_instr_delete(in);
+        ir_value_delete(out);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    vec_push(self->instr, in);
+    return in;
+}
+
+ir_value* ir_phi_value(ir_instr *self)
+{
+    return self->_ops[0];
+}
+
+void ir_phi_add(ir_instr* self, ir_block *b, ir_value *v)
+{
+    ir_phi_entry_t pe;
+
+    if (!vec_ir_block_find(self->owner->entries, b, NULL)) {
+        /* Must not be possible to cause this, otherwise the AST
+         * is doing something wrong.
+         */
+        irerror(self->context, "Invalid entry block for PHI");
+        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+
+    pe.value = v;
+    pe.from = b;
+    vec_push(v->reads, self);
+    vec_push(self->phi, pe);
+}
+
+/* call related code */
+ir_instr* ir_block_create_call(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx, const char *label, ir_value *func, bool noreturn)
+{
+    ir_value *out;
+    ir_instr *in;
+    if (!ir_check_unreachable(self))
+        return NULL;
+    in = ir_instr_new(ctx, self, (noreturn ? VINSTR_NRCALL : INSTR_CALL0));
+    if (!in)
+        return NULL;
+    if (noreturn) {
+        self->final = true;
+        self->is_return = true;
+    }
+    out = ir_value_out(self->owner, label, (func->outtype == TYPE_VOID) ? store_return : store_value, func->outtype);
+    if (!out) {
+        ir_instr_delete(in);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    if (!ir_instr_op(in, 0, out, true) ||
+        !ir_instr_op(in, 1, func, false))
+    {
+        ir_instr_delete(in);
+        ir_value_delete(out);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    vec_push(self->instr, in);
+    /*
+    if (noreturn) {
+        if (!ir_block_create_return(self, ctx, NULL)) {
+            compile_error(ctx, "internal error: failed to generate dummy-return instruction");
+            ir_instr_delete(in);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+    */
+    return in;
+}
+
+ir_value* ir_call_value(ir_instr *self)
+{
+    return self->_ops[0];
+}
+
+void ir_call_param(ir_instr* self, ir_value *v)
+{
+    vec_push(self->params, v);
+    vec_push(v->reads, self);
+}
+
+/* binary op related code */
+
+ir_value* ir_block_create_binop(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx,
+                                const char *label, int opcode,
+                                ir_value *left, ir_value *right)
+{
+    int ot = TYPE_VOID;
+    switch (opcode) {
+        case INSTR_ADD_F:
+        case INSTR_SUB_F:
+        case INSTR_DIV_F:
+        case INSTR_MUL_F:
+        case INSTR_MUL_V:
+        case INSTR_AND:
+        case INSTR_OR:
+#if 0
+        case INSTR_AND_I:
+        case INSTR_AND_IF:
+        case INSTR_AND_FI:
+        case INSTR_OR_I:
+        case INSTR_OR_IF:
+        case INSTR_OR_FI:
+#endif
+        case INSTR_BITAND:
+        case INSTR_BITOR:
+#if 0
+        case INSTR_SUB_S: /* -- offset of string as float */
+        case INSTR_MUL_IF:
+        case INSTR_MUL_FI:
+        case INSTR_DIV_IF:
+        case INSTR_DIV_FI:
+        case INSTR_BITOR_IF:
+        case INSTR_BITOR_FI:
+        case INSTR_BITAND_FI:
+        case INSTR_BITAND_IF:
+        case INSTR_EQ_I:
+        case INSTR_NE_I:
+#endif
+            ot = TYPE_FLOAT;
+            break;
+#if 0
+        case INSTR_ADD_I:
+        case INSTR_ADD_IF:
+        case INSTR_ADD_FI:
+        case INSTR_SUB_I:
+        case INSTR_SUB_FI:
+        case INSTR_SUB_IF:
+        case INSTR_MUL_I:
+        case INSTR_DIV_I:
+        case INSTR_BITAND_I:
+        case INSTR_BITOR_I:
+        case INSTR_XOR_I:
+        case INSTR_RSHIFT_I:
+        case INSTR_LSHIFT_I:
+            ot = TYPE_INTEGER;
+            break;
+#endif
+        case INSTR_ADD_V:
+        case INSTR_SUB_V:
+        case INSTR_MUL_VF:
+        case INSTR_MUL_FV:
+#if 0
+        case INSTR_DIV_VF:
+        case INSTR_MUL_IV:
+        case INSTR_MUL_VI:
+#endif
+            ot = TYPE_VECTOR;
+            break;
+#if 0
+        case INSTR_ADD_SF:
+            ot = TYPE_POINTER;
+            break;
+#endif
+        default:
+            /* ranges: */
+            /* boolean operations result in floats */
+            if (opcode >= INSTR_EQ_F && opcode <= INSTR_GT)
+                ot = TYPE_FLOAT;
+            else if (opcode >= INSTR_LE && opcode <= INSTR_GT)
+                ot = TYPE_FLOAT;
+#if 0
+            else if (opcode >= INSTR_LE_I && opcode <= INSTR_EQ_FI)
+                ot = TYPE_FLOAT;
+#endif
+            break;
+    };
+    if (ot == TYPE_VOID) {
+        /* The AST or parser were supposed to check this! */
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    return ir_block_create_general_instr(self, ctx, label, opcode, left, right, ot);
+}
+
+ir_value* ir_block_create_unary(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx,
+                                const char *label, int opcode,
+                                ir_value *operand)
+{
+    int ot = TYPE_FLOAT;
+    switch (opcode) {
+        case INSTR_NOT_F:
+        case INSTR_NOT_V:
+        case INSTR_NOT_S:
+        case INSTR_NOT_ENT:
+        case INSTR_NOT_FNC:
+#if 0
+        case INSTR_NOT_I:
+#endif
+            ot = TYPE_FLOAT;
+            break;
+        /* QC doesn't have other unary operations. We expect extensions to fill
+         * the above list, otherwise we assume out-type = in-type, eg for an
+         * unary minus
+         */
+        default:
+            ot = operand->vtype;
+            break;
+    };
+    if (ot == TYPE_VOID) {
+        /* The AST or parser were supposed to check this! */
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* let's use the general instruction creator and pass NULL for OPB */
+    return ir_block_create_general_instr(self, ctx, label, opcode, operand, NULL, ot);
+}
+
+static ir_value* ir_block_create_general_instr(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx, const char *label,
+                                        int op, ir_value *a, ir_value *b, int outype)
+{
+    ir_instr *instr;
+    ir_value *out;
+
+    out = ir_value_out(self->owner, label, store_value, outype);
+    if (!out)
+        return NULL;
+
+    instr = ir_instr_new(ctx, self, op);
+    if (!instr) {
+        ir_value_delete(out);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    if (!ir_instr_op(instr, 0, out, true) ||
+        !ir_instr_op(instr, 1, a, false) ||
+        !ir_instr_op(instr, 2, b, false) )
+    {
+        goto on_error;
+    }
+
+    vec_push(self->instr, instr);
+
+    return out;
+on_error:
+    ir_instr_delete(instr);
+    ir_value_delete(out);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+ir_value* ir_block_create_fieldaddress(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx, const char *label, ir_value *ent, ir_value *field)
+{
+    ir_value *v;
+
+    /* Support for various pointer types todo if so desired */
+    if (ent->vtype != TYPE_ENTITY)
+        return NULL;
+
+    if (field->vtype != TYPE_FIELD)
+        return NULL;
+
+    v = ir_block_create_general_instr(self, ctx, label, INSTR_ADDRESS, ent, field, TYPE_POINTER);
+    v->fieldtype = field->fieldtype;
+    return v;
+}
+
+ir_value* ir_block_create_load_from_ent(ir_block *self, lex_ctx ctx, const char *label, ir_value *ent, ir_value *field, int outype)
+{
+    int op;
+    if (ent->vtype != TYPE_ENTITY)
+        return NULL;
+
+    /* at some point we could redirect for TYPE_POINTER... but that could lead to carelessness */
+    if (field->vtype != TYPE_FIELD)
+        return NULL;
+
+    switch (outype)
+    {
+        case TYPE_FLOAT:    op = INSTR_LOAD_F;   break;
+        case TYPE_VECTOR:   op = INSTR_LOAD_V;   break;
+        case TYPE_STRING:   op = INSTR_LOAD_S;   break;
+        case TYPE_FIELD:    op = INSTR_LOAD_FLD; break;
+        case TYPE_ENTITY:   op = INSTR_LOAD_ENT; break;
+        case TYPE_FUNCTION: op = INSTR_LOAD_FNC; break;
+#if 0
+        case TYPE_POINTER: op = INSTR_LOAD_I;   break;
+        case TYPE_INTEGER: op = INSTR_LOAD_I;   break;
+#endif
+        default:
+            irerror(self->context, "invalid type for ir_block_create_load_from_ent: %s", type_name[outype]);
+            return NULL;
+    }
+
+    return ir_block_create_general_instr(self, ctx, label, op, ent, field, outype);
+}
+
+/* PHI resolving breaks the SSA, and must thus be the last
+ * step before life-range calculation.
+ */
+
+static bool ir_block_naive_phi(ir_block *self);
+bool ir_function_naive_phi(ir_function *self)
+{
+    size_t i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->blocks); ++i)
+    {
+        if (!ir_block_naive_phi(self->blocks[i]))
+            return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool ir_block_naive_phi(ir_block *self)
+{
+    size_t i, p; /*, w;*/
+    /* FIXME: optionally, create_phi can add the phis
+     * to a list so we don't need to loop through blocks
+     * - anyway: "don't optimize YET"
+     */
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->instr); ++i)
+    {
+        ir_instr *instr = self->instr[i];
+        if (instr->opcode != VINSTR_PHI)
+            continue;
+
+        vec_remove(self->instr, i, 1);
+        --i; /* NOTE: i+1 below */
+
+        for (p = 0; p < vec_size(instr->phi); ++p)
+        {
+            ir_value *v = instr->phi[p].value;
+            ir_block *b = instr->phi[p].from;
+
+            if (v->store == store_value &&
+                vec_size(v->reads) == 1 &&
+                vec_size(v->writes) == 1)
+            {
+                /* replace the value */
+                if (!ir_instr_op(v->writes[0], 0, instr->_ops[0], true))
+                    return false;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                /* force a move instruction */
+                ir_instr *prevjump = vec_last(b->instr);
+                vec_pop(b->instr);
+                b->final = false;
+                instr->_ops[0]->store = store_global;
+                if (!ir_block_create_store(b, instr->context, instr->_ops[0], v))
+                    return false;
+                instr->_ops[0]->store = store_value;
+                vec_push(b->instr, prevjump);
+                b->final = true;
+            }
+        }
+        ir_instr_delete(instr);
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+ *IR Temp allocation code
+ * Propagating value life ranges by walking through the function backwards
+ * until no more changes are made.
+ * In theory this should happen once more than once for every nested loop
+ * level.
+ * Though this implementation might run an additional time for if nests.
+ */
+
+/* Enumerate instructions used by value's life-ranges
+ */
+static void ir_block_enumerate(ir_block *self, size_t *_eid)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    size_t eid = *_eid;
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->instr); ++i)
+    {
+        self->instr[i]->eid = eid++;
+    }
+    *_eid = eid;
+}
+
+/* Enumerate blocks and instructions.
+ * The block-enumeration is unordered!
+ * We do not really use the block enumreation, however
+ * the instruction enumeration is important for life-ranges.
+ */
+void ir_function_enumerate(ir_function *self)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    size_t instruction_id = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->blocks); ++i)
+    {
+        /* each block now gets an additional "entry" instruction id
+         * we can use to avoid point-life issues
+         */
+        self->blocks[i]->entry_id = instruction_id;
+        ++instruction_id;
+
+        self->blocks[i]->eid = i;
+        ir_block_enumerate(self->blocks[i], &instruction_id);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Local-value allocator
+ * After finishing creating the liferange of all values used in a function
+ * we can allocate their global-positions.
+ * This is the counterpart to register-allocation in register machines.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+    ir_value **locals;
+    size_t    *sizes;
+    size_t    *positions;
+    bool      *unique;
+} function_allocator;
+
+static bool function_allocator_alloc(function_allocator *alloc, ir_value *var)
+{
+    ir_value *slot;
+    size_t vsize = ir_value_sizeof(var);
+
+    var->code.local = vec_size(alloc->locals);
+
+    slot = ir_value_var("reg", store_global, var->vtype);
+    if (!slot)
+        return false;
+
+    if (!ir_value_life_merge_into(slot, var))
+        goto localerror;
+
+    vec_push(alloc->locals, slot);
+    vec_push(alloc->sizes, vsize);
+    vec_push(alloc->unique, var->unique_life);
+
+    return true;
+
+localerror:
+    ir_value_delete(slot);
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool ir_function_allocator_assign(ir_function *self, function_allocator *alloc, ir_value *v)
+{
+    size_t a;
+    ir_value *slot;
+
+    if (v->unique_life)
+        return function_allocator_alloc(alloc, v);
+
+    for (a = 0; a < vec_size(alloc->locals); ++a)
+    {
+        /* if it's reserved for a unique liferange: skip */
+        if (alloc->unique[a])
+            continue;
+
+        slot = alloc->locals[a];
+
+        /* never resize parameters
+         * will be required later when overlapping temps + locals
+         */
+        if (a < vec_size(self->params) &&
+            alloc->sizes[a] < ir_value_sizeof(v))
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (ir_values_overlap(v, slot))
+            continue;
+
+        if (!ir_value_life_merge_into(slot, v))
+            return false;
+
+        /* adjust size for this slot */
+        if (alloc->sizes[a] < ir_value_sizeof(v))
+            alloc->sizes[a] = ir_value_sizeof(v);
+
+        v->code.local = a;
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (a >= vec_size(alloc->locals)) {
+        if (!function_allocator_alloc(alloc, v))
+            return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ir_function_allocate_locals(ir_function *self)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    bool   retval = true;
+    size_t pos;
+    bool   opt_gt = OPTS_OPTIMIZATION(OPTIM_GLOBAL_TEMPS);
+
+    ir_value *v;
+
+    function_allocator lockalloc, globalloc;
+
+    if (!vec_size(self->locals) && !vec_size(self->values))
+        return true;
+
+    globalloc.locals    = NULL;
+    globalloc.sizes     = NULL;
+    globalloc.positions = NULL;
+    globalloc.unique    = NULL;
+    lockalloc.locals    = NULL;
+    lockalloc.sizes     = NULL;
+    lockalloc.positions = NULL;
+    lockalloc.unique    = NULL;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->locals); ++i)
+    {
+        v = self->locals[i];
+        if ((self->flags & IR_FLAG_MASK_NO_LOCAL_TEMPS) || !OPTS_OPTIMIZATION(OPTIM_LOCAL_TEMPS)) {
+            v->locked      = true;
+            v->unique_life = true;
+        }
+        else if (i >= vec_size(self->params))
+            break;
+        else
+            v->locked = true; /* lock parameters locals */
+        if (!function_allocator_alloc((v->locked || !opt_gt ? &lockalloc : &globalloc), v))
+            goto error;
+    }
+    for (; i < vec_size(self->locals); ++i)
+    {
+        v = self->locals[i];
+        if (!vec_size(v->life))
+            continue;
+        if (!ir_function_allocator_assign(self, (v->locked || !opt_gt ? &lockalloc : &globalloc), v))
+            goto error;
+    }
+
+    /* Allocate a slot for any value that still exists */
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->values); ++i)
+    {
+        v = self->values[i];
+
+        if (!vec_size(v->life))
+            continue;
+
+        /* CALL optimization:
+         * If the value is a parameter-temp: 1 write, 1 read from a CALL
+         * and it's not "locked", write it to the OFS_PARM directly.
+         */
+        if (OPTS_OPTIMIZATION(OPTIM_CALL_STORES) && !v->locked && !v->unique_life) {
+            if (vec_size(v->reads) == 1 && vec_size(v->writes) == 1 &&
+                (v->reads[0]->opcode == VINSTR_NRCALL ||
+                 (v->reads[0]->opcode >= INSTR_CALL0 && v->reads[0]->opcode <= INSTR_CALL8)
+                )
+               )
+            {
+                size_t    param;
+                ir_instr *call = v->reads[0];
+                if (!vec_ir_value_find(call->params, v, &param)) {
+                    irerror(call->context, "internal error: unlocked parameter %s not found", v->name);
+                    goto error;
+                }
+                ++opts_optimizationcount[OPTIM_CALL_STORES];
+                v->callparam = true;
+                if (param < 8)
+                    ir_value_code_setaddr(v, OFS_PARM0 + 3*param);
+                else {
+                    size_t nprotos = vec_size(self->owner->extparam_protos);
+                    ir_value *ep;
+                    param -= 8;
+                    if (nprotos > param)
+                        ep = self->owner->extparam_protos[param];
+                    else
+                    {
+                        ep = ir_gen_extparam_proto(self->owner);
+                        while (++nprotos <= param)
+                            ep = ir_gen_extparam_proto(self->owner);
+                    }
+                    ir_instr_op(v->writes[0], 0, ep, true);
+                    call->params[param+8] = ep;
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (vec_size(v->writes) == 1 && v->writes[0]->opcode == INSTR_CALL0)
+            {
+                v->store = store_return;
+                if (v->members[0]) v->members[0]->store = store_return;
+                if (v->members[1]) v->members[1]->store = store_return;
+                if (v->members[2]) v->members[2]->store = store_return;
+                ++opts_optimizationcount[OPTIM_CALL_STORES];
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!ir_function_allocator_assign(self, (v->locked || !opt_gt ? &lockalloc : &globalloc), v))
+            goto error;
+    }
+
+    if (!lockalloc.sizes && !globalloc.sizes) {
+        goto cleanup;
+    }
+    vec_push(lockalloc.positions, 0);
+    vec_push(globalloc.positions, 0);
+
+    /* Adjust slot positions based on sizes */
+    if (lockalloc.sizes) {
+        pos = (vec_size(lockalloc.sizes) ? lockalloc.positions[0] : 0);
+        for (i = 1; i < vec_size(lockalloc.sizes); ++i)
+        {
+            pos = lockalloc.positions[i-1] + lockalloc.sizes[i-1];
+            vec_push(lockalloc.positions, pos);
+        }
+        self->allocated_locals = pos + vec_last(lockalloc.sizes);
+    }
+    if (globalloc.sizes) {
+        pos = (vec_size(globalloc.sizes) ? globalloc.positions[0] : 0);
+        for (i = 1; i < vec_size(globalloc.sizes); ++i)
+        {
+            pos = globalloc.positions[i-1] + globalloc.sizes[i-1];
+            vec_push(globalloc.positions, pos);
+        }
+        self->globaltemps = pos + vec_last(globalloc.sizes);
+    }
+
+    /* Locals need to know their new position */
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->locals); ++i) {
+        v = self->locals[i];
+        if (v->locked || !opt_gt)
+            v->code.local = lockalloc.positions[v->code.local];
+        else
+            v->code.local = globalloc.positions[v->code.local];
+    }
+    /* Take over the actual slot positions on values */
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->values); ++i) {
+        v = self->values[i];
+        if (v->locked || !opt_gt)
+            v->code.local = lockalloc.positions[v->code.local];
+        else
+            v->code.local = globalloc.positions[v->code.local];
+    }
+
+    goto cleanup;
+
+error:
+    retval = false;
+cleanup:
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(lockalloc.locals); ++i)
+        ir_value_delete(lockalloc.locals[i]);
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(globalloc.locals); ++i)
+        ir_value_delete(globalloc.locals[i]);
+    vec_free(globalloc.unique);
+    vec_free(globalloc.locals);
+    vec_free(globalloc.sizes);
+    vec_free(globalloc.positions);
+    vec_free(lockalloc.unique);
+    vec_free(lockalloc.locals);
+    vec_free(lockalloc.sizes);
+    vec_free(lockalloc.positions);
+    return retval;
+}
+
+/* Get information about which operand
+ * is read from, or written to.
+ */
+static void ir_op_read_write(int op, size_t *read, size_t *write)
+{
+    switch (op)
+    {
+    case VINSTR_JUMP:
+    case INSTR_GOTO:
+        *write = 0;
+        *read = 0;
+        break;
+    case INSTR_IF:
+    case INSTR_IFNOT:
+#if 0
+    case INSTR_IF_S:
+    case INSTR_IFNOT_S:
+#endif
+    case INSTR_RETURN:
+    case VINSTR_COND:
+        *write = 0;
+        *read = 1;
+        break;
+    case INSTR_STOREP_F:
+    case INSTR_STOREP_V:
+    case INSTR_STOREP_S:
+    case INSTR_STOREP_ENT:
+    case INSTR_STOREP_FLD:
+    case INSTR_STOREP_FNC:
+        *write = 0;
+        *read  = 7;
+        break;
+    default:
+        *write = 1;
+        *read = 6;
+        break;
+    };
+}
+
+static bool ir_block_living_add_instr(ir_block *self, size_t eid)
+{
+    size_t       i;
+    const size_t vs = vec_size(self->living);
+    bool         changed = false;
+    for (i = 0; i != vs; ++i)
+    {
+        if (ir_value_life_merge(self->living[i], eid))
+            changed = true;
+    }
+    return changed;
+}
+
+static bool ir_block_living_lock(ir_block *self)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    bool changed = false;
+    for (i = 0; i != vec_size(self->living); ++i)
+    {
+        if (!self->living[i]->locked) {
+            self->living[i]->locked = true;
+            changed = true;
+        }
+    }
+    return changed;
+}
+
+static bool ir_block_life_propagate(ir_block *self, bool *changed)
+{
+    ir_instr *instr;
+    ir_value *value;
+    size_t i, o, p, mem, cnt;
+    /* bitmasks which operands are read from or written to */
+    size_t read, write;
+    char dbg_ind[16];
+    dbg_ind[0] = '#';
+    dbg_ind[1] = '0';
+    (void)dbg_ind;
+
+    vec_free(self->living);
+
+    p = vec_size(self->exits);
+    for (i = 0; i < p; ++i) {
+        ir_block *prev = self->exits[i];
+        cnt = vec_size(prev->living);
+        for (o = 0; o < cnt; ++o) {
+            if (!vec_ir_value_find(self->living, prev->living[o], NULL))
+                vec_push(self->living, prev->living[o]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    i = vec_size(self->instr);
+    while (i)
+    { --i;
+        instr = self->instr[i];
+
+        /* See which operands are read and write operands */
+        ir_op_read_write(instr->opcode, &read, &write);
+
+        /* Go through the 3 main operands
+         * writes first, then reads
+         */
+        for (o = 0; o < 3; ++o)
+        {
+            if (!instr->_ops[o]) /* no such operand */
+                continue;
+
+            value = instr->_ops[o];
+
+            /* We only care about locals */
+            /* we also calculate parameter liferanges so that locals
+             * can take up parameter slots */
+            if (value->store != store_value &&
+                value->store != store_local &&
+                value->store != store_param)
+                continue;
+
+            /* write operands */
+            /* When we write to a local, we consider it "dead" for the
+             * remaining upper part of the function, since in SSA a value
+             * can only be written once (== created)
+             */
+            if (write & (1<<o))
+            {
+                size_t idx;
+                bool in_living = vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value, &idx);
+                if (!in_living)
+                {
+                    /* If the value isn't alive it hasn't been read before... */
+                    /* TODO: See if the warning can be emitted during parsing or AST processing
+                     * otherwise have warning printed here.
+                     * IF printing a warning here: include filecontext_t,
+                     * and make sure it's only printed once
+                     * since this function is run multiple times.
+                     */
+                    /* con_err( "Value only written %s\n", value->name); */
+                    if (ir_value_life_merge(value, instr->eid))
+                        *changed = true;
+                } else {
+                    /* since 'living' won't contain it
+                     * anymore, merge the value, since
+                     * (A) doesn't.
+                     */
+                    if (ir_value_life_merge(value, instr->eid))
+                        *changed = true;
+                    /* Then remove */
+                    vec_remove(self->living, idx, 1);
+                }
+                /* Removing a vector removes all members */
+                for (mem = 0; mem < 3; ++mem) {
+                    if (value->members[mem] && vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value->members[mem], &idx)) {
+                        if (ir_value_life_merge(value->members[mem], instr->eid))
+                            *changed = true;
+                        vec_remove(self->living, idx, 1);
+                    }
+                }
+                /* Removing the last member removes the vector */
+                if (value->memberof) {
+                    value = value->memberof;
+                    for (mem = 0; mem < 3; ++mem) {
+                        if (value->members[mem] && vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value->members[mem], NULL))
+                            break;
+                    }
+                    if (mem == 3 && vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value, &idx)) {
+                        if (ir_value_life_merge(value, instr->eid))
+                            *changed = true;
+                        vec_remove(self->living, idx, 1);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (instr->opcode == INSTR_MUL_VF)
+        {
+            value = instr->_ops[2];
+            /* the float source will get an additional lifetime */
+            if (ir_value_life_merge(value, instr->eid+1))
+                *changed = true;
+            if (value->memberof && ir_value_life_merge(value->memberof, instr->eid+1))
+                *changed = true;
+        }
+        else if (instr->opcode == INSTR_MUL_FV || instr->opcode == INSTR_LOAD_V)
+        {
+            value = instr->_ops[1];
+            /* the float source will get an additional lifetime */
+            if (ir_value_life_merge(value, instr->eid+1))
+                *changed = true;
+            if (value->memberof && ir_value_life_merge(value->memberof, instr->eid+1))
+                *changed = true;
+        }
+
+        for (o = 0; o < 3; ++o)
+        {
+            if (!instr->_ops[o]) /* no such operand */
+                continue;
+
+            value = instr->_ops[o];
+
+            /* We only care about locals */
+            /* we also calculate parameter liferanges so that locals
+             * can take up parameter slots */
+            if (value->store != store_value &&
+                value->store != store_local &&
+                value->store != store_param)
+                continue;
+
+            /* read operands */
+            if (read & (1<<o))
+            {
+                if (!vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value, NULL))
+                    vec_push(self->living, value);
+                /* reading adds the full vector */
+                if (value->memberof && !vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value->memberof, NULL))
+                    vec_push(self->living, value->memberof);
+                for (mem = 0; mem < 3; ++mem) {
+                    if (value->members[mem] && !vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value->members[mem], NULL))
+                        vec_push(self->living, value->members[mem]);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        /* PHI operands are always read operands */
+        for (p = 0; p < vec_size(instr->phi); ++p)
+        {
+            value = instr->phi[p].value;
+            if (!vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value, NULL))
+                vec_push(self->living, value);
+            /* reading adds the full vector */
+            if (value->memberof && !vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value->memberof, NULL))
+                vec_push(self->living, value->memberof);
+            for (mem = 0; mem < 3; ++mem) {
+                if (value->members[mem] && !vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value->members[mem], NULL))
+                    vec_push(self->living, value->members[mem]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* on a call, all these values must be "locked" */
+        if (instr->opcode >= INSTR_CALL0 && instr->opcode <= INSTR_CALL8) {
+            if (ir_block_living_lock(self))
+                *changed = true;
+        }
+        /* call params are read operands too */
+        for (p = 0; p < vec_size(instr->params); ++p)
+        {
+            value = instr->params[p];
+            if (!vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value, NULL))
+                vec_push(self->living, value);
+            /* reading adds the full vector */
+            if (value->memberof && !vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value->memberof, NULL))
+                vec_push(self->living, value->memberof);
+            for (mem = 0; mem < 3; ++mem) {
+                if (value->members[mem] && !vec_ir_value_find(self->living, value->members[mem], NULL))
+                    vec_push(self->living, value->members[mem]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* (A) */
+        if (ir_block_living_add_instr(self, instr->eid))
+            *changed = true;
+    }
+    /* the "entry" instruction ID */
+    if (ir_block_living_add_instr(self, self->entry_id))
+        *changed = true;
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ir_function_calculate_liferanges(ir_function *self)
+{
+    size_t i, s;
+    bool changed;
+
+    /* parameters live at 0 */
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->params); ++i)
+        ir_value_life_merge(self->locals[i], 0);
+
+    do {
+        self->run_id++;
+        changed = false;
+        i = vec_size(self->blocks);
+        while (i--) {
+            ir_block_life_propagate(self->blocks[i], &changed);
+        }
+    } while (changed);
+
+    if (vec_size(self->blocks)) {
+        ir_block *block = self->blocks[0];
+        for (i = 0; i < vec_size(block->living); ++i) {
+            ir_value *v = block->living[i];
+            if (v->store != store_local)
+                continue;
+            if (v->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+                continue;
+            self->flags |= IR_FLAG_HAS_UNINITIALIZED;
+            /* find the instruction reading from it */
+            for (s = 0; s < vec_size(v->reads); ++s) {
+                if (v->reads[s]->eid == v->life[0].end)
+                    break;
+            }
+            if (s < vec_size(v->reads)) {
+                if (irwarning(v->context, WARN_USED_UNINITIALIZED,
+                              "variable `%s` may be used uninitialized in this function\n"
+                              " -> %s:%i",
+                              v->name,
+                              v->reads[s]->context.file, v->reads[s]->context.line)
+                   )
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (v->memberof) {
+                ir_value *vec = v->memberof;
+                for (s = 0; s < vec_size(vec->reads); ++s) {
+                    if (vec->reads[s]->eid == v->life[0].end)
+                        break;
+                }
+                if (s < vec_size(vec->reads)) {
+                    if (irwarning(v->context, WARN_USED_UNINITIALIZED,
+                                  "variable `%s` may be used uninitialized in this function\n"
+                                  " -> %s:%i",
+                                  v->name,
+                                  vec->reads[s]->context.file, vec->reads[s]->context.line)
+                       )
+                    {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+            if (irwarning(v->context, WARN_USED_UNINITIALIZED,
+                          "variable `%s` may be used uninitialized in this function", v->name))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+ *IR Code-Generation
+ *
+ * Since the IR has the convention of putting 'write' operands
+ * at the beginning, we have to rotate the operands of instructions
+ * properly in order to generate valid QCVM code.
+ *
+ * Having destinations at a fixed position is more convenient. In QC
+ * this is *mostly* OPC,  but FTE adds at least 2 instructions which
+ * read from from OPA,  and store to OPB rather than OPC.   Which is
+ * partially the reason why the implementation of these instructions
+ * in darkplaces has been delayed for so long.
+ *
+ * Breaking conventions is annoying...
+ */
+static bool ir_builder_gen_global(code_t *, ir_builder *self, ir_value *global, bool islocal);
+
+static bool gen_global_field(code_t *code, ir_value *global)
+{
+    if (global->hasvalue)
+    {
+        ir_value *fld = global->constval.vpointer;
+        if (!fld) {
+            irerror(global->context, "Invalid field constant with no field: %s", global->name);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        /* copy the field's value */
+        ir_value_code_setaddr(global, vec_size(code->globals));
+        vec_push(code->globals, fld->code.fieldaddr);
+        if (global->fieldtype == TYPE_VECTOR) {
+            vec_push(code->globals, fld->code.fieldaddr+1);
+            vec_push(code->globals, fld->code.fieldaddr+2);
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        ir_value_code_setaddr(global, vec_size(code->globals));
+        vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+        if (global->fieldtype == TYPE_VECTOR) {
+            vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+            vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+        }
+    }
+    if (global->code.globaladdr < 0)
+        return false;
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool gen_global_pointer(code_t *code, ir_value *global)
+{
+    if (global->hasvalue)
+    {
+        ir_value *target = global->constval.vpointer;
+        if (!target) {
+            irerror(global->context, "Invalid pointer constant: %s", global->name);
+            /* NULL pointers are pointing to the NULL constant, which also
+             * sits at address 0, but still has an ir_value for itself.
+             */
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        /* Here, relocations ARE possible - in fteqcc-enhanced-qc:
+         * void() foo; <- proto
+         * void() *fooptr = &foo;
+         * void() foo = { code }
+         */
+        if (!target->code.globaladdr) {
+            /* FIXME: Check for the constant nullptr ir_value!
+             * because then code.globaladdr being 0 is valid.
+             */
+            irerror(global->context, "FIXME: Relocation support");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        ir_value_code_setaddr(global, vec_size(code->globals));
+        vec_push(code->globals, target->code.globaladdr);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        ir_value_code_setaddr(global, vec_size(code->globals));
+        vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+    }
+    if (global->code.globaladdr < 0)
+        return false;
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool gen_blocks_recursive(code_t *code, ir_function *func, ir_block *block)
+{
+    prog_section_statement stmt;
+    ir_instr *instr;
+    ir_block *target;
+    ir_block *ontrue;
+    ir_block *onfalse;
+    size_t    stidx;
+    size_t    i;
+
+    block->generated = true;
+    block->code_start = vec_size(code->statements);
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(block->instr); ++i)
+    {
+        instr = block->instr[i];
+
+        if (instr->opcode == VINSTR_PHI) {
+            irerror(block->context, "cannot generate virtual instruction (phi)");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (instr->opcode == VINSTR_JUMP) {
+            target = instr->bops[0];
+            /* for uncoditional jumps, if the target hasn't been generated
+             * yet, we generate them right here.
+             */
+            if (!target->generated)
+                return gen_blocks_recursive(code, func, target);
+
+            /* otherwise we generate a jump instruction */
+            stmt.opcode = INSTR_GOTO;
+            stmt.o1.s1 = (target->code_start) - vec_size(code->statements);
+            stmt.o2.s1 = 0;
+            stmt.o3.s1 = 0;
+            if (stmt.o1.s1 != 1)
+                code_push_statement(code, &stmt, instr->context.line);
+
+            /* no further instructions can be in this block */
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (instr->opcode == VINSTR_COND) {
+            ontrue  = instr->bops[0];
+            onfalse = instr->bops[1];
+            /* TODO: have the AST signal which block should
+             * come first: eg. optimize IFs without ELSE...
+             */
+
+            stmt.o1.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(instr->_ops[0]);
+            stmt.o2.u1 = 0;
+            stmt.o3.s1 = 0;
+
+            if (ontrue->generated) {
+                stmt.opcode = INSTR_IF;
+                stmt.o2.s1 = (ontrue->code_start) - vec_size(code->statements);
+                if (stmt.o2.s1 != 1)
+                    code_push_statement(code, &stmt, instr->context.line);
+            }
+            if (onfalse->generated) {
+                stmt.opcode = INSTR_IFNOT;
+                stmt.o2.s1 = (onfalse->code_start) - vec_size(code->statements);
+                if (stmt.o2.s1 != 1)
+                    code_push_statement(code, &stmt, instr->context.line);
+            }
+            if (!ontrue->generated) {
+                if (onfalse->generated)
+                    return gen_blocks_recursive(code, func, ontrue);
+            }
+            if (!onfalse->generated) {
+                if (ontrue->generated)
+                    return gen_blocks_recursive(code, func, onfalse);
+            }
+            /* neither ontrue nor onfalse exist */
+            stmt.opcode = INSTR_IFNOT;
+            if (!instr->likely) {
+                /* Honor the likelyhood hint */
+                ir_block *tmp = onfalse;
+                stmt.opcode = INSTR_IF;
+                onfalse = ontrue;
+                ontrue = tmp;
+            }
+            stidx = vec_size(code->statements);
+            code_push_statement(code, &stmt, instr->context.line);
+            /* on false we jump, so add ontrue-path */
+            if (!gen_blocks_recursive(code, func, ontrue))
+                return false;
+            /* fixup the jump address */
+            code->statements[stidx].o2.s1 = vec_size(code->statements) - stidx;
+            /* generate onfalse path */
+            if (onfalse->generated) {
+                /* fixup the jump address */
+                code->statements[stidx].o2.s1 = (onfalse->code_start) - (stidx);
+                if (stidx+2 == vec_size(code->statements) && code->statements[stidx].o2.s1 == 1) {
+                    code->statements[stidx] = code->statements[stidx+1];
+                    if (code->statements[stidx].o1.s1 < 0)
+                        code->statements[stidx].o1.s1++;
+                    code_pop_statement(code);
+                }
+                stmt.opcode = vec_last(code->statements).opcode;
+                if (stmt.opcode == INSTR_GOTO ||
+                    stmt.opcode == INSTR_IF ||
+                    stmt.opcode == INSTR_IFNOT ||
+                    stmt.opcode == INSTR_RETURN ||
+                    stmt.opcode == INSTR_DONE)
+                {
+                    /* no use jumping from here */
+                    return true;
+                }
+                /* may have been generated in the previous recursive call */
+                stmt.opcode = INSTR_GOTO;
+                stmt.o1.s1 = (onfalse->code_start) - vec_size(code->statements);
+                stmt.o2.s1 = 0;
+                stmt.o3.s1 = 0;
+                if (stmt.o1.s1 != 1)
+                    code_push_statement(code, &stmt, instr->context.line);
+                return true;
+            }
+            else if (stidx+2 == vec_size(code->statements) && code->statements[stidx].o2.s1 == 1) {
+                code->statements[stidx] = code->statements[stidx+1];
+                if (code->statements[stidx].o1.s1 < 0)
+                    code->statements[stidx].o1.s1++;
+                code_pop_statement(code);
+            }
+            /* if not, generate now */
+            return gen_blocks_recursive(code, func, onfalse);
+        }
+
+        if ( (instr->opcode >= INSTR_CALL0 && instr->opcode <= INSTR_CALL8)
+           || instr->opcode == VINSTR_NRCALL)
+        {
+            size_t p, first;
+            ir_value *retvalue;
+
+            first = vec_size(instr->params);
+            if (first > 8)
+                first = 8;
+            for (p = 0; p < first; ++p)
+            {
+                ir_value *param = instr->params[p];
+                if (param->callparam)
+                    continue;
+
+                stmt.opcode = INSTR_STORE_F;
+                stmt.o3.u1 = 0;
+
+                if (param->vtype == TYPE_FIELD)
+                    stmt.opcode = field_store_instr[param->fieldtype];
+                else if (param->vtype == TYPE_NIL)
+                    stmt.opcode = INSTR_STORE_V;
+                else
+                    stmt.opcode = type_store_instr[param->vtype];
+                stmt.o1.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(param);
+                stmt.o2.u1 = OFS_PARM0 + 3 * p;
+                code_push_statement(code, &stmt, instr->context.line);
+            }
+            /* Now handle extparams */
+            first = vec_size(instr->params);
+            for (; p < first; ++p)
+            {
+                ir_builder *ir = func->owner;
+                ir_value *param = instr->params[p];
+                ir_value *targetparam;
+
+                if (param->callparam)
+                    continue;
+
+                if (p-8 >= vec_size(ir->extparams))
+                    ir_gen_extparam(code, ir);
+
+                targetparam = ir->extparams[p-8];
+
+                stmt.opcode = INSTR_STORE_F;
+                stmt.o3.u1 = 0;
+
+                if (param->vtype == TYPE_FIELD)
+                    stmt.opcode = field_store_instr[param->fieldtype];
+                else if (param->vtype == TYPE_NIL)
+                    stmt.opcode = INSTR_STORE_V;
+                else
+                    stmt.opcode = type_store_instr[param->vtype];
+                stmt.o1.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(param);
+                stmt.o2.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(targetparam);
+                code_push_statement(code, &stmt, instr->context.line);
+            }
+
+            stmt.opcode = INSTR_CALL0 + vec_size(instr->params);
+            if (stmt.opcode > INSTR_CALL8)
+                stmt.opcode = INSTR_CALL8;
+            stmt.o1.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(instr->_ops[1]);
+            stmt.o2.u1 = 0;
+            stmt.o3.u1 = 0;
+            code_push_statement(code, &stmt, instr->context.line);
+
+            retvalue = instr->_ops[0];
+            if (retvalue && retvalue->store != store_return &&
+                (retvalue->store == store_global || vec_size(retvalue->life)))
+            {
+                /* not to be kept in OFS_RETURN */
+                if (retvalue->vtype == TYPE_FIELD && OPTS_FLAG(ADJUST_VECTOR_FIELDS))
+                    stmt.opcode = field_store_instr[retvalue->fieldtype];
+                else
+                    stmt.opcode = type_store_instr[retvalue->vtype];
+                stmt.o1.u1 = OFS_RETURN;
+                stmt.o2.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(retvalue);
+                stmt.o3.u1 = 0;
+                code_push_statement(code, &stmt, instr->context.line);
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (instr->opcode == INSTR_STATE) {
+            irerror(block->context, "TODO: state instruction");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        stmt.opcode = instr->opcode;
+        stmt.o1.u1 = 0;
+        stmt.o2.u1 = 0;
+        stmt.o3.u1 = 0;
+
+        /* This is the general order of operands */
+        if (instr->_ops[0])
+            stmt.o3.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(instr->_ops[0]);
+
+        if (instr->_ops[1])
+            stmt.o1.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(instr->_ops[1]);
+
+        if (instr->_ops[2])
+            stmt.o2.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(instr->_ops[2]);
+
+        if (stmt.opcode == INSTR_RETURN || stmt.opcode == INSTR_DONE)
+        {
+            stmt.o1.u1 = stmt.o3.u1;
+            stmt.o3.u1 = 0;
+        }
+        else if ((stmt.opcode >= INSTR_STORE_F &&
+                  stmt.opcode <= INSTR_STORE_FNC) ||
+                 (stmt.opcode >= INSTR_STOREP_F &&
+                  stmt.opcode <= INSTR_STOREP_FNC))
+        {
+            /* 2-operand instructions with A -> B */
+            stmt.o2.u1 = stmt.o3.u1;
+            stmt.o3.u1 = 0;
+
+            /* tiny optimization, don't output
+             * STORE a, a
+             */
+            if (stmt.o2.u1 == stmt.o1.u1 &&
+                OPTS_OPTIMIZATION(OPTIM_PEEPHOLE))
+            {
+                ++opts_optimizationcount[OPTIM_PEEPHOLE];
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        code_push_statement(code, &stmt, instr->context.line);
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool gen_function_code(code_t *code, ir_function *self)
+{
+    ir_block *block;
+    prog_section_statement stmt, *retst;
+
+    /* Starting from entry point, we generate blocks "as they come"
+     * for now. Dead blocks will not be translated obviously.
+     */
+    if (!vec_size(self->blocks)) {
+        irerror(self->context, "Function '%s' declared without body.", self->name);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    block = self->blocks[0];
+    if (block->generated)
+        return true;
+
+    if (!gen_blocks_recursive(code, self, block)) {
+        irerror(self->context, "failed to generate blocks for '%s'", self->name);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /* code_write and qcvm -disasm need to know that the function ends here */
+    retst = &vec_last(code->statements);
+    if (OPTS_OPTIMIZATION(OPTIM_VOID_RETURN) &&
+        self->outtype == TYPE_VOID &&
+        retst->opcode == INSTR_RETURN &&
+        !retst->o1.u1 && !retst->o2.u1 && !retst->o3.u1)
+    {
+        retst->opcode = INSTR_DONE;
+        ++opts_optimizationcount[OPTIM_VOID_RETURN];
+    } else {
+        stmt.opcode = INSTR_DONE;
+        stmt.o1.u1 = 0;
+        stmt.o2.u1 = 0;
+        stmt.o3.u1 = 0;
+        code_push_statement(code, &stmt, vec_last(code->linenums));
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static qcint ir_builder_filestring(code_t *code, ir_builder *ir, const char *filename)
+{
+    /* NOTE: filename pointers are copied, we never strdup them,
+     * thus we can use pointer-comparison to find the string.
+     */
+    size_t i;
+    qcint  str;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(ir->filenames); ++i) {
+        if (ir->filenames[i] == filename)
+            return ir->filestrings[i];
+    }
+
+    str = code_genstring(code, filename);
+    vec_push(ir->filenames, filename);
+    vec_push(ir->filestrings, str);
+    return str;
+}
+
+static bool gen_global_function(code_t *code, ir_builder *ir, ir_value *global)
+{
+    prog_section_function fun;
+    ir_function          *irfun;
+
+    size_t i;
+
+    if (!global->hasvalue || (!global->constval.vfunc))
+    {
+        irerror(global->context, "Invalid state of function-global: not constant: %s", global->name);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    irfun = global->constval.vfunc;
+
+    fun.name    = global->code.name;
+    fun.file    = ir_builder_filestring(code, ir, global->context.file);
+    fun.profile = 0; /* always 0 */
+    fun.nargs   = vec_size(irfun->params);
+    if (fun.nargs > 8)
+        fun.nargs = 8;
+
+    for (i = 0;i < 8; ++i) {
+        if ((int32_t)i >= fun.nargs)
+            fun.argsize[i] = 0;
+        else
+            fun.argsize[i] = type_sizeof_[irfun->params[i]];
+    }
+
+    fun.firstlocal = 0;
+    fun.locals     = irfun->allocated_locals;
+
+    if (irfun->builtin)
+        fun.entry = irfun->builtin+1;
+    else {
+        irfun->code_function_def = vec_size(code->functions);
+        fun.entry                = vec_size(code->statements);
+    }
+
+    vec_push(code->functions, fun);
+    return true;
+}
+
+static ir_value* ir_gen_extparam_proto(ir_builder *ir)
+{
+    ir_value *global;
+    char      name[128];
+
+    util_snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "EXTPARM#%i", (int)(vec_size(ir->extparam_protos)));
+    global = ir_value_var(name, store_global, TYPE_VECTOR);
+
+    vec_push(ir->extparam_protos, global);
+    return global;
+}
+
+static void ir_gen_extparam(code_t *code, ir_builder *ir)
+{
+    prog_section_def def;
+    ir_value        *global;
+
+    if (vec_size(ir->extparam_protos) < vec_size(ir->extparams)+1)
+        global = ir_gen_extparam_proto(ir);
+    else
+        global = ir->extparam_protos[vec_size(ir->extparams)];
+
+    def.name   = code_genstring(code, global->name);
+    def.type   = TYPE_VECTOR;
+    def.offset = vec_size(code->globals);
+
+    vec_push(code->defs, def);
+
+    ir_value_code_setaddr(global, def.offset);
+
+    vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+    vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+    vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+
+    vec_push(ir->extparams, global);
+}
+
+static bool gen_function_extparam_copy(code_t *code, ir_function *self)
+{
+    size_t i, ext, numparams;
+
+    ir_builder *ir = self->owner;
+    ir_value   *ep;
+    prog_section_statement stmt;
+
+    numparams = vec_size(self->params);
+    if (!numparams)
+        return true;
+
+    stmt.opcode = INSTR_STORE_F;
+    stmt.o3.s1 = 0;
+    for (i = 8; i < numparams; ++i) {
+        ext = i - 8;
+        if (ext >= vec_size(ir->extparams))
+            ir_gen_extparam(code, ir);
+
+        ep = ir->extparams[ext];
+
+        stmt.opcode = type_store_instr[self->locals[i]->vtype];
+        if (self->locals[i]->vtype == TYPE_FIELD &&
+            self->locals[i]->fieldtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+        {
+            stmt.opcode = INSTR_STORE_V;
+        }
+        stmt.o1.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(ep);
+        stmt.o2.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(self->locals[i]);
+        code_push_statement(code, &stmt, self->context.line);
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool gen_function_varargs_copy(code_t *code, ir_function *self)
+{
+    size_t i, ext, numparams, maxparams;
+
+    ir_builder *ir = self->owner;
+    ir_value   *ep;
+    prog_section_statement stmt;
+
+    numparams = vec_size(self->params);
+    if (!numparams)
+        return true;
+
+    stmt.opcode = INSTR_STORE_V;
+    stmt.o3.s1 = 0;
+    maxparams = numparams + self->max_varargs;
+    for (i = numparams; i < maxparams; ++i) {
+        if (i < 8) {
+            stmt.o1.u1 = OFS_PARM0 + 3*i;
+            stmt.o2.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(self->locals[i]);
+            code_push_statement(code, &stmt, self->context.line);
+            continue;
+        }
+        ext = i - 8;
+        while (ext >= vec_size(ir->extparams))
+            ir_gen_extparam(code, ir);
+
+        ep = ir->extparams[ext];
+
+        stmt.o1.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(ep);
+        stmt.o2.u1 = ir_value_code_addr(self->locals[i]);
+        code_push_statement(code, &stmt, self->context.line);
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool gen_function_locals(code_t *code, ir_builder *ir, ir_value *global)
+{
+    prog_section_function *def;
+    ir_function           *irfun;
+    size_t                 i;
+    uint32_t               firstlocal, firstglobal;
+
+    irfun = global->constval.vfunc;
+    def   = code->functions + irfun->code_function_def;
+
+    if (OPTS_OPTION_BOOL(OPTION_G) ||
+        !OPTS_OPTIMIZATION(OPTIM_OVERLAP_LOCALS)        ||
+        (irfun->flags & IR_FLAG_MASK_NO_OVERLAP))
+    {
+        firstlocal = def->firstlocal = vec_size(code->globals);
+    } else {
+        firstlocal = def->firstlocal = ir->first_common_local;
+        ++opts_optimizationcount[OPTIM_OVERLAP_LOCALS];
+    }
+
+    firstglobal = (OPTS_OPTIMIZATION(OPTIM_GLOBAL_TEMPS) ? ir->first_common_globaltemp : firstlocal);
+
+    for (i = vec_size(code->globals); i < firstlocal + irfun->allocated_locals; ++i)
+        vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(irfun->locals); ++i) {
+        ir_value *v = irfun->locals[i];
+        if (v->locked || !OPTS_OPTIMIZATION(OPTIM_GLOBAL_TEMPS)) {
+            ir_value_code_setaddr(v, firstlocal + v->code.local);
+            if (!ir_builder_gen_global(code, ir, irfun->locals[i], true)) {
+                irerror(irfun->locals[i]->context, "failed to generate local %s", irfun->locals[i]->name);
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+            ir_value_code_setaddr(v, firstglobal + v->code.local);
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(irfun->values); ++i)
+    {
+        ir_value *v = irfun->values[i];
+        if (v->callparam)
+            continue;
+        if (v->locked)
+            ir_value_code_setaddr(v, firstlocal + v->code.local);
+        else
+            ir_value_code_setaddr(v, firstglobal + v->code.local);
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool gen_global_function_code(code_t *code, ir_builder *ir, ir_value *global)
+{
+    prog_section_function *fundef;
+    ir_function           *irfun;
+
+    (void)ir;
+
+    irfun = global->constval.vfunc;
+    if (!irfun) {
+        if (global->cvq == CV_NONE) {
+            irwarning(global->context, WARN_IMPLICIT_FUNCTION_POINTER,
+                      "function `%s` has no body and in QC implicitly becomes a function-pointer", global->name);
+        }
+        /* this was a function pointer, don't generate code for those */
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    if (irfun->builtin)
+        return true;
+
+    if (irfun->code_function_def < 0) {
+        irerror(irfun->context, "`%s`: IR global wasn't generated, failed to access function-def", irfun->name);
+        return false;
+    }
+    fundef = &code->functions[irfun->code_function_def];
+
+    fundef->entry = vec_size(code->statements);
+    if (!gen_function_locals(code, ir, global)) {
+        irerror(irfun->context, "Failed to generate locals for function %s", irfun->name);
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!gen_function_extparam_copy(code, irfun)) {
+        irerror(irfun->context, "Failed to generate extparam-copy code for function %s", irfun->name);
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (irfun->max_varargs && !gen_function_varargs_copy(code, irfun)) {
+        irerror(irfun->context, "Failed to generate vararg-copy code for function %s", irfun->name);
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!gen_function_code(code, irfun)) {
+        irerror(irfun->context, "Failed to generate code for function %s", irfun->name);
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static void gen_vector_defs(code_t *code, prog_section_def def, const char *name)
+{
+    char  *component;
+    size_t len, i;
+
+    if (!name || name[0] == '#' || OPTS_FLAG(SINGLE_VECTOR_DEFS))
+        return;
+
+    def.type = TYPE_FLOAT;
+
+    len = strlen(name);
+
+    component = (char*)mem_a(len+3);
+    memcpy(component, name, len);
+    len += 2;
+    component[len-0] = 0;
+    component[len-2] = '_';
+
+    component[len-1] = 'x';
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
+        def.name = code_genstring(code, component);
+        vec_push(code->defs, def);
+        def.offset++;
+        component[len-1]++;
+    }
+
+    mem_d(component);
+}
+
+static void gen_vector_fields(code_t *code, prog_section_field fld, const char *name)
+{
+    char  *component;
+    size_t len, i;
+
+    if (!name || OPTS_FLAG(SINGLE_VECTOR_DEFS))
+        return;
+
+    fld.type = TYPE_FLOAT;
+
+    len = strlen(name);
+
+    component = (char*)mem_a(len+3);
+    memcpy(component, name, len);
+    len += 2;
+    component[len-0] = 0;
+    component[len-2] = '_';
+
+    component[len-1] = 'x';
+
+    for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
+        fld.name = code_genstring(code, component);
+        vec_push(code->fields, fld);
+        fld.offset++;
+        component[len-1]++;
+    }
+
+    mem_d(component);
+}
+
+static bool ir_builder_gen_global(code_t *code, ir_builder *self, ir_value *global, bool islocal)
+{
+    size_t           i;
+    int32_t         *iptr;
+    prog_section_def def;
+    bool             pushdef = opts.optimizeoff;
+
+    def.type   = global->vtype;
+    def.offset = vec_size(code->globals);
+    def.name   = 0;
+    if (OPTS_OPTION_BOOL(OPTION_G) || !islocal)
+    {
+        pushdef = true;
+
+        if (OPTS_OPTIMIZATION(OPTIM_STRIP_CONSTANT_NAMES) &&
+            !(global->flags & IR_FLAG_INCLUDE_DEF) &&
+            (global->name[0] == '#' || global->cvq == CV_CONST))
+        {
+            pushdef = false;
+        }
+
+        if (pushdef && global->name) {
+            if (global->name[0] == '#') {
+                if (!self->str_immediate)
+                    self->str_immediate = code_genstring(code, "IMMEDIATE");
+                def.name = global->code.name = self->str_immediate;
+            }
+            else
+                def.name = global->code.name = code_genstring(code, global->name);
+        }
+        else
+            def.name   = 0;
+        if (islocal) {
+            def.offset = ir_value_code_addr(global);
+            vec_push(code->defs, def);
+            if (global->vtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+                gen_vector_defs(code, def, global->name);
+            else if (global->vtype == TYPE_FIELD && global->fieldtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+                gen_vector_defs(code, def, global->name);
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    if (islocal)
+        return true;
+
+    switch (global->vtype)
+    {
+    case TYPE_VOID:
+        if (!strcmp(global->name, "end_sys_globals")) {
+            /* TODO: remember this point... all the defs before this one
+             * should be checksummed and added to progdefs.h when we generate it.
+             */
+        }
+        else if (!strcmp(global->name, "end_sys_fields")) {
+            /* TODO: same as above but for entity-fields rather than globsl
+             */
+        }
+        else
+            irwarning(global->context, WARN_VOID_VARIABLES, "unrecognized variable of type void `%s`",
+                      global->name);
+        /* I'd argue setting it to 0 is sufficient, but maybe some depend on knowing how far
+         * the system fields actually go? Though the engine knows this anyway...
+         * Maybe this could be an -foption
+         * fteqcc creates data for end_sys_* - of size 1, so let's do the same
+         */
+        ir_value_code_setaddr(global, vec_size(code->globals));
+        vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+        /* Add the def */
+        if (pushdef) vec_push(code->defs, def);
+        return true;
+    case TYPE_POINTER:
+        if (pushdef) vec_push(code->defs, def);
+        return gen_global_pointer(code, global);
+    case TYPE_FIELD:
+        if (pushdef) {
+            vec_push(code->defs, def);
+            if (global->fieldtype == TYPE_VECTOR)
+                gen_vector_defs(code, def, global->name);
+        }
+        return gen_global_field(code, global);
+    case TYPE_ENTITY:
+        /* fall through */
+    case TYPE_FLOAT:
+    {
+        ir_value_code_setaddr(global, vec_size(code->globals));
+        if (global->hasvalue) {
+            iptr = (int32_t*)&global->constval.ivec[0];
+            vec_push(code->globals, *iptr);
+        } else {
+            vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+        }
+        if (!islocal && global->cvq != CV_CONST)
+            def.type |= DEF_SAVEGLOBAL;
+        if (pushdef) vec_push(code->defs, def);
+
+        return global->code.globaladdr >= 0;
+    }
+    case TYPE_STRING:
+    {
+        ir_value_code_setaddr(global, vec_size(code->globals));
+        if (global->hasvalue) {
+            uint32_t load = code_genstring(code, global->constval.vstring);
+            vec_push(code->globals, load);
+        } else {
+            vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+        }
+        if (!islocal && global->cvq != CV_CONST)
+            def.type |= DEF_SAVEGLOBAL;
+        if (pushdef) vec_push(code->defs, def);
+        return global->code.globaladdr >= 0;
+    }
+    case TYPE_VECTOR:
+    {
+        size_t d;
+        ir_value_code_setaddr(global, vec_size(code->globals));
+        if (global->hasvalue) {
+            iptr = (int32_t*)&global->constval.ivec[0];
+            vec_push(code->globals, iptr[0]);
+            if (global->code.globaladdr < 0)
+                return false;
+            for (d = 1; d < type_sizeof_[global->vtype]; ++d) {
+                vec_push(code->globals, iptr[d]);
+            }
+        } else {
+            vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+            if (global->code.globaladdr < 0)
+                return false;
+            for (d = 1; d < type_sizeof_[global->vtype]; ++d) {
+                vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+            }
+        }
+        if (!islocal && global->cvq != CV_CONST)
+            def.type |= DEF_SAVEGLOBAL;
+
+        if (pushdef) {
+            vec_push(code->defs, def);
+            def.type &= ~DEF_SAVEGLOBAL;
+            gen_vector_defs(code, def, global->name);
+        }
+        return global->code.globaladdr >= 0;
+    }
+    case TYPE_FUNCTION:
+        ir_value_code_setaddr(global, vec_size(code->globals));
+        if (!global->hasvalue) {
+            vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+            if (global->code.globaladdr < 0)
+                return false;
+        } else {
+            vec_push(code->globals, vec_size(code->functions));
+            if (!gen_global_function(code, self, global))
+                return false;
+        }
+        if (!islocal && global->cvq != CV_CONST)
+            def.type |= DEF_SAVEGLOBAL;
+        if (pushdef) vec_push(code->defs, def);
+        return true;
+    case TYPE_VARIANT:
+        /* assume biggest type */
+            ir_value_code_setaddr(global, vec_size(code->globals));
+            vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+            for (i = 1; i < type_sizeof_[TYPE_VARIANT]; ++i)
+                vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+            return true;
+    default:
+        /* refuse to create 'void' type or any other fancy business. */
+        irerror(global->context, "Invalid type for global variable `%s`: %s",
+                global->name, type_name[global->vtype]);
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+static GMQCC_INLINE void ir_builder_prepare_field(code_t *code, ir_value *field)
+{
+    field->code.fieldaddr = code_alloc_field(code, type_sizeof_[field->fieldtype]);
+}
+
+static bool ir_builder_gen_field(code_t *code, ir_builder *self, ir_value *field)
+{
+    prog_section_def def;
+    prog_section_field fld;
+
+    (void)self;
+
+    def.type   = (uint16_t)field->vtype;
+    def.offset = (uint16_t)vec_size(code->globals);
+
+    /* create a global named the same as the field */
+    if (OPTS_OPTION_U32(OPTION_STANDARD) == COMPILER_GMQCC) {
+        /* in our standard, the global gets a dot prefix */
+        size_t len = strlen(field->name);
+        char name[1024];
+
+        /* we really don't want to have to allocate this, and 1024
+         * bytes is more than enough for a variable/field name
+         */
+        if (len+2 >= sizeof(name)) {
+            irerror(field->context, "invalid field name size: %u", (unsigned int)len);
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        name[0] = '.';
+        memcpy(name+1, field->name, len); /* no strncpy - we used strlen above */
+        name[len+1] = 0;
+
+        def.name = code_genstring(code, name);
+        fld.name = def.name + 1; /* we reuse that string table entry */
+    } else {
+        /* in plain QC, there cannot be a global with the same name,
+         * and so we also name the global the same.
+         * FIXME: fteqcc should create a global as well
+         * check if it actually uses the same name. Probably does
+         */
+        def.name = code_genstring(code, field->name);
+        fld.name = def.name;
+    }
+
+    field->code.name = def.name;
+
+    vec_push(code->defs, def);
+
+    fld.type = field->fieldtype;
+
+    if (fld.type == TYPE_VOID) {
+        irerror(field->context, "field is missing a type: %s - don't know its size", field->name);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    fld.offset = field->code.fieldaddr;
+
+    vec_push(code->fields, fld);
+
+    ir_value_code_setaddr(field, vec_size(code->globals));
+    vec_push(code->globals, fld.offset);
+    if (fld.type == TYPE_VECTOR) {
+        vec_push(code->globals, fld.offset+1);
+        vec_push(code->globals, fld.offset+2);
+    }
+
+    if (field->fieldtype == TYPE_VECTOR) {
+        gen_vector_defs  (code, def, field->name);
+        gen_vector_fields(code, fld, field->name);
+    }
+
+    return field->code.globaladdr >= 0;
+}
+
+bool ir_builder_generate(code_t *code, ir_builder *self, const char *filename)
+{
+    prog_section_statement stmt;
+    size_t i;
+    char  *lnofile = NULL;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->fields); ++i)
+    {
+        ir_builder_prepare_field(code, self->fields[i]);
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->globals); ++i)
+    {
+        if (!ir_builder_gen_global(code, self, self->globals[i], false)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (self->globals[i]->vtype == TYPE_FUNCTION) {
+            ir_function *func = self->globals[i]->constval.vfunc;
+            if (func && self->max_locals < func->allocated_locals &&
+                !(func->flags & IR_FLAG_MASK_NO_OVERLAP))
+            {
+                self->max_locals = func->allocated_locals;
+            }
+            if (func && self->max_globaltemps < func->globaltemps)
+                self->max_globaltemps = func->globaltemps;
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->fields); ++i)
+    {
+        if (!ir_builder_gen_field(code, self, self->fields[i])) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* generate nil */
+    ir_value_code_setaddr(self->nil, vec_size(code->globals));
+    vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+    vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+    vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+
+    /* generate global temps */
+    self->first_common_globaltemp = vec_size(code->globals);
+    for (i = 0; i < self->max_globaltemps; ++i) {
+        vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+    }
+    /* generate common locals */
+    self->first_common_local = vec_size(code->globals);
+    for (i = 0; i < self->max_locals; ++i) {
+        vec_push(code->globals, 0);
+    }
+
+    /* generate function code */
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->globals); ++i)
+    {
+        if (self->globals[i]->vtype == TYPE_FUNCTION) {
+            if (!gen_global_function_code(code, self, self->globals[i])) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (vec_size(code->globals) >= 65536) {
+        irerror(vec_last(self->globals)->context, "This progs file would require more globals than the metadata can handle. Bailing out.");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /* DP errors if the last instruction is not an INSTR_DONE. */
+    if (vec_last(code->statements).opcode != INSTR_DONE)
+    {
+        stmt.opcode = INSTR_DONE;
+        stmt.o1.u1 = 0;
+        stmt.o2.u1 = 0;
+        stmt.o3.u1 = 0;
+        code_push_statement(code, &stmt, vec_last(code->linenums));
+    }
+
+    if (OPTS_OPTION_BOOL(OPTION_PP_ONLY))
+        return true;
+
+    if (vec_size(code->statements) != vec_size(code->linenums)) {
+        con_err("Linecounter wrong: %lu != %lu\n",
+                (unsigned long)vec_size(code->statements),
+                (unsigned long)vec_size(code->linenums));
+    } else if (OPTS_FLAG(LNO)) {
+        char  *dot;
+        size_t filelen = strlen(filename);
+
+        memcpy(vec_add(lnofile, filelen+1), filename, filelen+1);
+        dot = strrchr(lnofile, '.');
+        if (!dot) {
+            vec_pop(lnofile);
+        } else {
+            vec_shrinkto(lnofile, dot - lnofile);
+        }
+        memcpy(vec_add(lnofile, 5), ".lno", 5);
+    }
+
+    if (!OPTS_OPTION_BOOL(OPTION_QUIET)) {
+        if (lnofile)
+            con_out("writing '%s' and '%s'...\n", filename, lnofile);
+        else
+            con_out("writing '%s'\n", filename);
+    }
+    if (!code_write(code, filename, lnofile)) {
+        vec_free(lnofile);
+        return false;
+    }
+    vec_free(lnofile);
+    return true;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+ *IR DEBUG Dump functions...
+ */
+
+#define IND_BUFSZ 1024
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#   define strncat(dst, src, sz) strncat_s(dst, sz, src, _TRUNCATE)
+#endif
+
+static const char *qc_opname(int op)
+{
+    if (op < 0) return "<INVALID>";
+    if (op < (int)( sizeof(asm_instr) / sizeof(asm_instr[0]) ))
+        return asm_instr[op].m;
+    switch (op) {
+        case VINSTR_PHI:  return "PHI";
+        case VINSTR_JUMP: return "JUMP";
+        case VINSTR_COND: return "COND";
+        default:          return "<UNK>";
+    }
+}
+
+void ir_builder_dump(ir_builder *b, int (*oprintf)(const char*, ...))
+{
+    size_t i;
+    char indent[IND_BUFSZ];
+    indent[0] = '\t';
+    indent[1] = 0;
+
+    oprintf("module %s\n", b->name);
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(b->globals); ++i)
+    {
+        oprintf("global ");
+        if (b->globals[i]->hasvalue)
+            oprintf("%s = ", b->globals[i]->name);
+        ir_value_dump(b->globals[i], oprintf);
+        oprintf("\n");
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(b->functions); ++i)
+        ir_function_dump(b->functions[i], indent, oprintf);
+    oprintf("endmodule %s\n", b->name);
+}
+
+static const char *storenames[] = {
+    "[global]", "[local]", "[param]", "[value]", "[return]"
+};
+
+void ir_function_dump(ir_function *f, char *ind,
+                      int (*oprintf)(const char*, ...))
+{
+    size_t i;
+    if (f->builtin != 0) {
+        oprintf("%sfunction %s = builtin %i\n", ind, f->name, -f->builtin);
+        return;
+    }
+    oprintf("%sfunction %s\n", ind, f->name);
+    strncat(ind, "\t", IND_BUFSZ);
+    if (vec_size(f->locals))
+    {
+        oprintf("%s%i locals:\n", ind, (int)vec_size(f->locals));
+        for (i = 0; i < vec_size(f->locals); ++i) {
+            oprintf("%s\t", ind);
+            ir_value_dump(f->locals[i], oprintf);
+            oprintf("\n");
+        }
+    }
+    oprintf("%sliferanges:\n", ind);
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(f->locals); ++i) {
+        const char *attr = "";
+        size_t l, m;
+        ir_value *v = f->locals[i];
+        if (v->unique_life && v->locked)
+            attr = "unique,locked ";
+        else if (v->unique_life)
+            attr = "unique ";
+        else if (v->locked)
+            attr = "locked ";
+        oprintf("%s\t%s: %s %s %s%s@%i ", ind, v->name, type_name[v->vtype],
+                storenames[v->store],
+                attr, (v->callparam ? "callparam " : ""),
+                (int)v->code.local);
+        if (!v->life)
+            oprintf("[null]");
+        for (l = 0; l < vec_size(v->life); ++l) {
+            oprintf("[%i,%i] ", v->life[l].start, v->life[l].end);
+        }
+        oprintf("\n");
+        for (m = 0; m < 3; ++m) {
+            ir_value *vm = v->members[m];
+            if (!vm)
+                continue;
+            oprintf("%s\t%s: @%i ", ind, vm->name, (int)vm->code.local);
+            for (l = 0; l < vec_size(vm->life); ++l) {
+                oprintf("[%i,%i] ", vm->life[l].start, vm->life[l].end);
+            }
+            oprintf("\n");
+        }
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(f->values); ++i) {
+        const char *attr = "";
+        size_t l, m;
+        ir_value *v = f->values[i];
+        if (v->unique_life && v->locked)
+            attr = "unique,locked ";
+        else if (v->unique_life)
+            attr = "unique ";
+        else if (v->locked)
+            attr = "locked ";
+        oprintf("%s\t%s: %s %s %s%s@%i ", ind, v->name, type_name[v->vtype],
+                storenames[v->store],
+                attr, (v->callparam ? "callparam " : ""),
+                (int)v->code.local);
+        if (!v->life)
+            oprintf("[null]");
+        for (l = 0; l < vec_size(v->life); ++l) {
+            oprintf("[%i,%i] ", v->life[l].start, v->life[l].end);
+        }
+        oprintf("\n");
+        for (m = 0; m < 3; ++m) {
+            ir_value *vm = v->members[m];
+            if (!vm)
+                continue;
+            if (vm->unique_life && vm->locked)
+                attr = "unique,locked ";
+            else if (vm->unique_life)
+                attr = "unique ";
+            else if (vm->locked)
+                attr = "locked ";
+            oprintf("%s\t%s: %s@%i ", ind, vm->name, attr, (int)vm->code.local);
+            for (l = 0; l < vec_size(vm->life); ++l) {
+                oprintf("[%i,%i] ", vm->life[l].start, vm->life[l].end);
+            }
+            oprintf("\n");
+        }
+    }
+    if (vec_size(f->blocks))
+    {
+        oprintf("%slife passes: %i\n", ind, (int)f->run_id);
+        for (i = 0; i < vec_size(f->blocks); ++i) {
+            ir_block_dump(f->blocks[i], ind, oprintf);
+        }
+
+    }
+    ind[strlen(ind)-1] = 0;
+    oprintf("%sendfunction %s\n", ind, f->name);
+}
+
+void ir_block_dump(ir_block* b, char *ind,
+                   int (*oprintf)(const char*, ...))
+{
+    size_t i;
+    oprintf("%s:%s\n", ind, b->label);
+    strncat(ind, "\t", IND_BUFSZ);
+
+    if (b->instr && b->instr[0])
+        oprintf("%s (%i) [entry]\n", ind, (int)(b->instr[0]->eid-1));
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(b->instr); ++i)
+        ir_instr_dump(b->instr[i], ind, oprintf);
+    ind[strlen(ind)-1] = 0;
+}
+
+static void dump_phi(ir_instr *in, int (*oprintf)(const char*, ...))
+{
+    size_t i;
+    oprintf("%s <- phi ", in->_ops[0]->name);
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(in->phi); ++i)
+    {
+        oprintf("([%s] : %s) ", in->phi[i].from->label,
+                                in->phi[i].value->name);
+    }
+    oprintf("\n");
+}
+
+void ir_instr_dump(ir_instr *in, char *ind,
+                       int (*oprintf)(const char*, ...))
+{
+    size_t i;
+    const char *comma = NULL;
+
+    oprintf("%s (%i) ", ind, (int)in->eid);
+
+    if (in->opcode == VINSTR_PHI) {
+        dump_phi(in, oprintf);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    strncat(ind, "\t", IND_BUFSZ);
+
+    if (in->_ops[0] && (in->_ops[1] || in->_ops[2])) {
+        ir_value_dump(in->_ops[0], oprintf);
+        if (in->_ops[1] || in->_ops[2])
+            oprintf(" <- ");
+    }
+    if (in->opcode == INSTR_CALL0 || in->opcode == VINSTR_NRCALL) {
+        oprintf("CALL%i\t", vec_size(in->params));
+    } else
+        oprintf("%s\t", qc_opname(in->opcode));
+
+    if (in->_ops[0] && !(in->_ops[1] || in->_ops[2])) {
+        ir_value_dump(in->_ops[0], oprintf);
+        comma = ",\t";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        for (i = 1; i != 3; ++i) {
+            if (in->_ops[i]) {
+                if (comma)
+                    oprintf(comma);
+                ir_value_dump(in->_ops[i], oprintf);
+                comma = ",\t";
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (in->bops[0]) {
+        if (comma)
+            oprintf(comma);
+        oprintf("[%s]", in->bops[0]->label);
+        comma = ",\t";
+    }
+    if (in->bops[1])
+        oprintf("%s[%s]", comma, in->bops[1]->label);
+    if (vec_size(in->params)) {
+        oprintf("\tparams: ");
+        for (i = 0; i != vec_size(in->params); ++i) {
+            oprintf("%s, ", in->params[i]->name);
+        }
+    }
+    oprintf("\n");
+    ind[strlen(ind)-1] = 0;
+}
+
+static void ir_value_dump_string(const char *str, int (*oprintf)(const char*, ...))
+{
+    oprintf("\"");
+    for (; *str; ++str) {
+        switch (*str) {
+            case '\n': oprintf("\\n"); break;
+            case '\r': oprintf("\\r"); break;
+            case '\t': oprintf("\\t"); break;
+            case '\v': oprintf("\\v"); break;
+            case '\f': oprintf("\\f"); break;
+            case '\b': oprintf("\\b"); break;
+            case '\a': oprintf("\\a"); break;
+            case '\\': oprintf("\\\\"); break;
+            case '"': oprintf("\\\""); break;
+            default: oprintf("%c", *str); break;
+        }
+    }
+    oprintf("\"");
+}
+
+void ir_value_dump(ir_value* v, int (*oprintf)(const char*, ...))
+{
+    if (v->hasvalue) {
+        switch (v->vtype) {
+            default:
+            case TYPE_VOID:
+                oprintf("(void)");
+                break;
+            case TYPE_FUNCTION:
+                oprintf("fn:%s", v->name);
+                break;
+            case TYPE_FLOAT:
+                oprintf("%g", v->constval.vfloat);
+                break;
+            case TYPE_VECTOR:
+                oprintf("'%g %g %g'",
+                        v->constval.vvec.x,
+                        v->constval.vvec.y,
+                        v->constval.vvec.z);
+                break;
+            case TYPE_ENTITY:
+                oprintf("(entity)");
+                break;
+            case TYPE_STRING:
+                ir_value_dump_string(v->constval.vstring, oprintf);
+                break;
+#if 0
+            case TYPE_INTEGER:
+                oprintf("%i", v->constval.vint);
+                break;
+#endif
+            case TYPE_POINTER:
+                oprintf("&%s",
+                    v->constval.vpointer->name);
+                break;
+        }
+    } else {
+        oprintf("%s", v->name);
+    }
+}
+
+void ir_value_dump_life(const ir_value *self, int (*oprintf)(const char*,...))
+{
+    size_t i;
+    oprintf("Life of %12s:", self->name);
+    for (i = 0; i < vec_size(self->life); ++i)
+    {
+        oprintf(" + [%i, %i]\n", self->life[i].start, self->life[i].end);
+    }
+}