]> de.git.xonotic.org Git - xonotic/darkplaces.git/blobdiff - cl_particles.c
laid groundwork for a new decal system
[xonotic/darkplaces.git] / cl_particles.c
index 85a965ba0bdbc8ae00ab7ca7ee506a1de7369971..663e656d978e424b26b3e4ddb084d05056d2ffd2 100644 (file)
@@ -22,21 +22,26 @@ Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
 
 #include "cl_collision.h"
 #include "image.h"
+#include "r_shadow.h"
+
+#define ABSOLUTE_MAX_PARTICLES 1<<24 // upper limit on cl.max_particles
+#define ABSOLUTE_MAX_DECALS 1<<24 // upper limit on cl.max_decals
 
 // must match ptype_t values
 particletype_t particletype[pt_total] =
 {
+       {PBLEND_INVALID, PARTICLE_INVALID, false}, //pt_dead (should never happen)
        {PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, false}, //pt_alphastatic
        {PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, false}, //pt_static
        {PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_SPARK, false}, //pt_spark
-       {PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BEAM, false}, //pt_beam
+       {PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_HBEAM, false}, //pt_beam
        {PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_SPARK, false}, //pt_rain
        {PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_ORIENTED_DOUBLESIDED, false}, //pt_raindecal
        {PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, false}, //pt_snow
        {PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, false}, //pt_bubble
-       {PBLEND_MOD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, false}, //pt_blood
+       {PBLEND_INVMOD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, false}, //pt_blood
        {PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, false}, //pt_smoke
-       {PBLEND_MOD, PARTICLE_ORIENTED_DOUBLESIDED, false}, //pt_decal
+       {PBLEND_INVMOD, PARTICLE_ORIENTED_DOUBLESIDED, false}, //pt_decal
        {PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, false}, //pt_entityparticle
 };
 
@@ -64,6 +69,10 @@ typedef struct particleeffectinfo_s
        float trailspacing;
        // type of particle to spawn (defines some aspects of behavior)
        ptype_t particletype;
+       // blending mode used on this particle type
+       pblend_t blendmode;
+       // orientation of this particle type (BILLBOARD, SPARK, BEAM, etc)
+       porientation_t orientation;
        // range of colors to choose from in hex RRGGBB (like HTML color tags),
        // randomly interpolated at spawn
        unsigned int color[2];
@@ -72,8 +81,8 @@ typedef struct particleeffectinfo_s
        // including 15)
        // if start and end of the range are the same, no randomization is done
        int tex[2];
-       // range of size values randomly chosen when spawning
-       float size[2];
+       // range of size values randomly chosen when spawning, plus size increase over time
+       float size[3];
        // range of alpha values randomly chosen when spawning, plus alpha fade
        float alpha[3];
        // how long the particle should live (note it is also removed if alpha drops to 0)
@@ -92,6 +101,8 @@ typedef struct particleeffectinfo_s
        // these offsets are added to the values given to particleeffect(), and
        // then an ellipsoid-shaped jitter is added as defined by these
        // (they are the 3 radii)
+       float stretchfactor;
+       // stretch velocity factor (used for sparks)
        float originoffset[3];
        float velocityoffset[3];
        float originjitter[3];
@@ -102,8 +113,10 @@ typedef struct particleeffectinfo_s
        float lightradiusfade;
        float lighttime;
        float lightcolor[3];
-       float lightshadow;
-       float lightcubemapnum;
+       qboolean lightshadow;
+       int lightcubemapnum;
+       unsigned int staincolor[2]; // note: 0x808080 = neutral (particle's own color), these are modding factors for the particle's original color!
+       int staintex[2];
 }
 particleeffectinfo_t;
 
@@ -114,8 +127,8 @@ char particleeffectname[MAX_PARTICLEEFFECTNAME][64];
 
 particleeffectinfo_t particleeffectinfo[MAX_PARTICLEEFFECTINFO];
 
-static int particlepalette[256] =
-{
+static int particlepalette[256];
+/*
        0x000000,0x0f0f0f,0x1f1f1f,0x2f2f2f,0x3f3f3f,0x4b4b4b,0x5b5b5b,0x6b6b6b, // 0-7
        0x7b7b7b,0x8b8b8b,0x9b9b9b,0xababab,0xbbbbbb,0xcbcbcb,0xdbdbdb,0xebebeb, // 8-15
        0x0f0b07,0x170f0b,0x1f170b,0x271b0f,0x2f2313,0x372b17,0x3f2f17,0x4b371b, // 16-23
@@ -148,7 +161,7 @@ static int particlepalette[256] =
        0xb7330f,0xc34b1b,0xcf632b,0xdb7f3b,0xe3974f,0xe7ab5f,0xefbf77,0xf7d38b, // 232-239
        0xa77b3b,0xb79b37,0xc7c337,0xe7e357,0x7fbfff,0xabe7ff,0xd7ffff,0x670000, // 240-247
        0x8b0000,0xb30000,0xd70000,0xff0000,0xfff393,0xfff7c7,0xffffff,0x9f5b53  // 248-255
-};
+*/
 
 int            ramp1[8] = {0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6b, 0x69, 0x67, 0x65, 0x63, 0x61};
 int            ramp2[8] = {0x6f, 0x6e, 0x6d, 0x6c, 0x6b, 0x6a, 0x68, 0x66};
@@ -156,36 +169,54 @@ int               ramp3[8] = {0x6d, 0x6b, 6, 5, 4, 3};
 
 //static int explosparkramp[8] = {0x4b0700, 0x6f0f00, 0x931f07, 0xb7330f, 0xcf632b, 0xe3974f, 0xffe7b5, 0xffffff};
 
+#define MAX_PARTICLETEXTURES 1024
+// particletexture_t is a rectangle in the particlefonttexture
+typedef struct particletexture_s
+{
+       rtexture_t *texture;
+       float s1, t1, s2, t2;
+}
+particletexture_t;
+
+static rtexturepool_t *particletexturepool;
+static rtexture_t *particlefonttexture;
+static particletexture_t particletexture[MAX_PARTICLETEXTURES];
+skinframe_t *decalskinframe;
+
 // texture numbers in particle font
 static const int tex_smoke[8] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
 static const int tex_bulletdecal[8] = {8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15};
 static const int tex_blooddecal[8] = {16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23};
 static const int tex_bloodparticle[8] = {24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31};
-static const int tex_rainsplash[16] = {32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47};
+static const int tex_rainsplash = 32;
 static const int tex_particle = 63;
 static const int tex_bubble = 62;
 static const int tex_raindrop = 61;
 static const int tex_beam = 60;
 
 cvar_t cl_particles = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles", "1", "enables particle effects"};
-cvar_t cl_particles_quality = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_quality", "1", "multiplies number of particles and reduces their alpha"};
+cvar_t cl_particles_quality = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_quality", "1", "multiplies number of particles"};
+cvar_t cl_particles_alpha = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_alpha", "1", "multiplies opacity of particles"};
 cvar_t cl_particles_size = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_size", "1", "multiplies particle size"};
 cvar_t cl_particles_quake = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_quake", "0", "makes particle effects look mostly like the ones in Quake"};
 cvar_t cl_particles_blood = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_blood", "1", "enables blood effects"};
-cvar_t cl_particles_blood_alpha = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_blood_alpha", "0.5", "opacity of blood"};
+cvar_t cl_particles_blood_alpha = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_blood_alpha", "1", "opacity of blood"};
 cvar_t cl_particles_blood_bloodhack = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_blood_bloodhack", "1", "make certain quake particle() calls create blood effects instead"};
 cvar_t cl_particles_bulletimpacts = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_bulletimpacts", "1", "enables bulletimpact effects"};
-cvar_t cl_particles_explosions_smoke = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_explosions_smokes", "0", "enables smoke from explosions"};
 cvar_t cl_particles_explosions_sparks = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_explosions_sparks", "1", "enables sparks from explosions"};
 cvar_t cl_particles_explosions_shell = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_explosions_shell", "0", "enables polygonal shell from explosions"};
+cvar_t cl_particles_rain = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_rain", "1", "enables rain effects"};
+cvar_t cl_particles_snow = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_snow", "1", "enables snow effects"};
 cvar_t cl_particles_smoke = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_smoke", "1", "enables smoke (used by multiple effects)"};
 cvar_t cl_particles_smoke_alpha = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_smoke_alpha", "0.5", "smoke brightness"};
 cvar_t cl_particles_smoke_alphafade = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_smoke_alphafade", "0.55", "brightness fade per second"};
 cvar_t cl_particles_sparks = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_sparks", "1", "enables sparks (used by multiple effects)"};
 cvar_t cl_particles_bubbles = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_bubbles", "1", "enables bubbles (used by multiple effects)"};
-cvar_t cl_decals = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_decals", "0", "enables decals (bullet holes, blood, etc)"};
-cvar_t cl_decals_time = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_decals_time", "0", "how long before decals start to fade away"};
-cvar_t cl_decals_fadetime = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_decals_fadetime", "20", "how long decals take to fade away"};
+cvar_t cl_particles_visculling = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_particles_visculling", "0", "perform a costly check if each particle is visible before drawing"};
+cvar_t cl_decals = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_decals", "1", "enables decals (bullet holes, blood, etc)"};
+cvar_t cl_decals_visculling = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_decals_visculling", "1", "perform a very cheap check if each decal is visible before drawing"};
+cvar_t cl_decals_time = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_decals_time", "20", "how long before decals start to fade away"};
+cvar_t cl_decals_fadetime = {CVAR_SAVE, "cl_decals_fadetime", "1", "how long decals take to fade away"};
 
 
 void CL_Particles_ParseEffectInfo(const char *textstart, const char *textend)
@@ -205,7 +236,7 @@ void CL_Particles_ParseEffectInfo(const char *textstart, const char *textend)
                        argv[arrayindex][0] = 0;
                for (;;)
                {
-                       if (!COM_ParseToken(&text, true))
+                       if (!COM_ParseToken_Simple(&text, true, false))
                                return;
                        if (!strcmp(com_token, "\n"))
                                break;
@@ -218,10 +249,11 @@ void CL_Particles_ParseEffectInfo(const char *textstart, const char *textend)
                if (argc < 1)
                        continue;
 #define checkparms(n) if (argc != (n)) {Con_Printf("effectinfo.txt:%i: error while parsing: %s given %i parameters, should be %i parameters\n", linenumber, argv[0], argc, (n));break;}
-#define readints(array, n) checkparms(n+1);for (arrayindex = 0;arrayindex < argc - 1;arrayindex++) array[arrayindex] = (int)atof(argv[1+arrayindex])
+#define readints(array, n) checkparms(n+1);for (arrayindex = 0;arrayindex < argc - 1;arrayindex++) array[arrayindex] = strtol(argv[1+arrayindex], NULL, 0)
 #define readfloats(array, n) checkparms(n+1);for (arrayindex = 0;arrayindex < argc - 1;arrayindex++) array[arrayindex] = atof(argv[1+arrayindex])
-#define readint(var) checkparms(2);var = (int)atof(argv[1])
+#define readint(var) checkparms(2);var = strtol(argv[1], NULL, 0)
 #define readfloat(var) checkparms(2);var = atof(argv[1])
+#define readbool(var) checkparms(2);var = strtol(argv[1], NULL, 0) != 0
                if (!strcmp(argv[0], "effect"))
                {
                        int effectnameindex;
@@ -254,6 +286,8 @@ void CL_Particles_ParseEffectInfo(const char *textstart, const char *textend)
                        info = particleeffectinfo + effectinfoindex;
                        info->effectnameindex = effectnameindex;
                        info->particletype = pt_alphastatic;
+                       info->blendmode = particletype[info->particletype].blendmode;
+                       info->orientation = particletype[info->particletype].orientation;
                        info->tex[0] = tex_particle;
                        info->tex[1] = tex_particle;
                        info->color[0] = 0xFFFFFF;
@@ -268,6 +302,11 @@ void CL_Particles_ParseEffectInfo(const char *textstart, const char *textend)
                        VectorSet(info->lightcolor, 1, 1, 1);
                        info->lightshadow = true;
                        info->lighttime = 9999;
+                       info->stretchfactor = 1;
+                       info->staincolor[0] = (unsigned int)-1;
+                       info->staincolor[1] = (unsigned int)-1;
+                       info->staintex[0] = -1;
+                       info->staintex[1] = -1;
                }
                else if (info == NULL)
                {
@@ -287,17 +326,37 @@ void CL_Particles_ParseEffectInfo(const char *textstart, const char *textend)
                        else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "raindecal")) info->particletype = pt_raindecal;
                        else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "snow")) info->particletype = pt_snow;
                        else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "bubble")) info->particletype = pt_bubble;
-                       else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "blood")) info->particletype = pt_blood;
+                       else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "blood")) {info->particletype = pt_blood;info->gravity = 1;}
                        else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "smoke")) info->particletype = pt_smoke;
                        else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "decal")) info->particletype = pt_decal;
                        else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "entityparticle")) info->particletype = pt_entityparticle;
                        else Con_Printf("effectinfo.txt:%i: unrecognized particle type %s\n", linenumber, argv[1]);
+                       info->blendmode = particletype[info->particletype].blendmode;
+                       info->orientation = particletype[info->particletype].orientation;
+               }
+               else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "blend"))
+               {
+                       checkparms(2);
+                       if (!strcmp(argv[1], "alpha")) info->blendmode = PBLEND_ALPHA;
+                       else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "add")) info->blendmode = PBLEND_ADD;
+                       else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "invmod")) info->blendmode = PBLEND_INVMOD;
+                       else Con_Printf("effectinfo.txt:%i: unrecognized blendmode %s\n", linenumber, argv[1]);
+               }
+               else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "orientation"))
+               {
+                       checkparms(2);
+                       if (!strcmp(argv[1], "billboard")) info->orientation = PARTICLE_BILLBOARD;
+                       else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "spark")) info->orientation = PARTICLE_SPARK;
+                       else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "oriented")) info->orientation = PARTICLE_ORIENTED_DOUBLESIDED;
+                       else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "beam")) info->orientation = PARTICLE_HBEAM;
+                       else Con_Printf("effectinfo.txt:%i: unrecognized orientation %s\n", linenumber, argv[1]);
                }
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "color")) {readints(info->color, 2);}
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "tex")) {readints(info->tex, 2);}
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "size")) {readfloats(info->size, 2);}
+               else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "sizeincrease")) {readfloat(info->size[2]);}
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "alpha")) {readfloats(info->alpha, 3);}
-               else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "time")) {readints(info->time, 2);}
+               else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "time")) {readfloats(info->time, 2);}
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "gravity")) {readfloat(info->gravity);}
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "bounce")) {readfloat(info->bounce);}
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "airfriction")) {readfloat(info->airfriction);}
@@ -311,11 +370,15 @@ void CL_Particles_ParseEffectInfo(const char *textstart, const char *textend)
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "lightradiusfade")) {readfloat(info->lightradiusfade);}
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "lighttime")) {readfloat(info->lighttime);}
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "lightcolor")) {readfloats(info->lightcolor, 3);}
-               else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "lightshadow")) {readint(info->lightshadow);}
+               else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "lightshadow")) {readbool(info->lightshadow);}
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "lightcubemapnum")) {readint(info->lightcubemapnum);}
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "underwater")) {checkparms(1);info->flags |= PARTICLEEFFECT_UNDERWATER;}
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "notunderwater")) {checkparms(1);info->flags |= PARTICLEEFFECT_NOTUNDERWATER;}
                else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "trailspacing")) {readfloat(info->trailspacing);if (info->trailspacing > 0) info->countmultiplier = 1.0f / info->trailspacing;}
+               else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "stretchfactor")) {readfloat(info->stretchfactor);}
+               else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "staincolor")) {readints(info->staincolor, 2);}
+               else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "staintex")) {readints(info->staintex, 2);}
+               else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "stainless")) {info->staintex[0] = -2; info->staincolor[0] = (unsigned int)-1; info->staincolor[1] = (unsigned int)-1;}
                else
                        Con_Printf("effectinfo.txt:%i: skipping unknown command %s\n", linenumber, argv[0]);
 #undef checkparms
@@ -354,7 +417,6 @@ static const char *standardeffectnames[EFFECT_TOTAL] =
        "TE_SUPERSPIKEQUAD",
        "TE_WIZSPIKE",
        "TE_KNIGHTSPIKE",
-       "TE_VORESPIKE",
        "TE_EXPLOSION",
        "TE_EXPLOSIONQUAD",
        "TE_TAREXPLOSION",
@@ -399,7 +461,7 @@ void CL_Particles_LoadEffectInfo(void)
                CL_Particles_ParseEffectInfo((const char *)filedata, (const char *)filedata + filesize);
                Mem_Free(filedata);
        }
-};
+}
 
 /*
 ===============
@@ -414,21 +476,25 @@ void CL_Particles_Init (void)
 
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_quality);
+       Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_alpha);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_size);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_quake);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_blood);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_blood_alpha);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_blood_bloodhack);
-       Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_explosions_smoke);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_explosions_sparks);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_explosions_shell);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_bulletimpacts);
+       Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_rain);
+       Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_snow);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_smoke);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_smoke_alpha);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_smoke_alphafade);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_sparks);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_bubbles);
+       Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_particles_visculling);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_decals);
+       Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_decals_visculling);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_decals_time);
        Cvar_RegisterVariable (&cl_decals_fadetime);
 }
@@ -441,7 +507,7 @@ void CL_Particles_Shutdown (void)
 // ptype - any of the pt_ enum values (pt_static, pt_blood, etc), see ptype_t near the top of this file
 // pcolor1,pcolor2 - minimum and maximum ranges of color, randomly interpolated to decide particle color
 // ptex - any of the tex_ values such as tex_smoke[rand()&7] or tex_particle
-// psize - size of particle (or thickness for PARTICLE_SPARK and PARTICLE_BEAM)
+// psize - size of particle (or thickness for PARTICLE_SPARK and PARTICLE_*BEAM)
 // palpha - opacity of particle as 0-255 (can be more than 255)
 // palphafade - rate of fade per second (so 256 would mean a 256 alpha particle would fade to nothing in 1 second)
 // ptime - how long the particle can live (note it is also removed if alpha drops to nothing)
@@ -450,31 +516,79 @@ void CL_Particles_Shutdown (void)
 // px,py,pz - starting origin of particle
 // pvx,pvy,pvz - starting velocity of particle
 // pfriction - how much the particle slows down per second (0-1 typically, can slowdown faster than 1)
-static particle_t *particle(particletype_t *ptype, int pcolor1, int pcolor2, int ptex, float psize, float palpha, float palphafade, float pgravity, float pbounce, float px, float py, float pz, float pvx, float pvy, float pvz, float pfriction, float originjitter, float velocityjitter)
+// blendmode - one of the PBLEND_ values
+// orientation - one of the PARTICLE_ values
+// staincolor1, staincolor2: minimum and maximum ranges of stain color, randomly interpolated to decide particle color (-1 to use none)
+// staintex: any of the tex_ values such as tex_smoke[rand()&7] or tex_particle (-1 to use none)
+particle_t *CL_NewParticle(unsigned short ptypeindex, int pcolor1, int pcolor2, int ptex, float psize, float psizeincrease, float palpha, float palphafade, float pgravity, float pbounce, float px, float py, float pz, float pvx, float pvy, float pvz, float pairfriction, float pliquidfriction, float originjitter, float velocityjitter, qboolean pqualityreduction, float lifetime, float stretch, pblend_t blendmode, porientation_t orientation, int staincolor1, int staincolor2, int staintex)
 {
-       int l1, l2;
+       int l1, l2, r, g, b;
        particle_t *part;
        vec3_t v;
-       for (;cl.free_particle < cl.max_particles && cl.particles[cl.free_particle].type;cl.free_particle++);
+       if (!cl_particles.integer)
+               return NULL;
+       for (;cl.free_particle < cl.max_particles && cl.particles[cl.free_particle].typeindex;cl.free_particle++);
        if (cl.free_particle >= cl.max_particles)
                return NULL;
+       if (!lifetime)
+               lifetime = palpha / min(1, palphafade);
        part = &cl.particles[cl.free_particle++];
        if (cl.num_particles < cl.free_particle)
                cl.num_particles = cl.free_particle;
        memset(part, 0, sizeof(*part));
-       part->type = ptype;
+       part->typeindex = ptypeindex;
+       part->blendmode = blendmode;
+       if(orientation == PARTICLE_HBEAM || orientation == PARTICLE_VBEAM)
+       {
+               particletexture_t *tex = &particletexture[ptex];
+               if(tex->t1 == 0 && tex->t2 == 1) // full height of texture?
+                       part->orientation = PARTICLE_VBEAM;
+               else
+                       part->orientation = PARTICLE_HBEAM;
+       }
+       else
+               part->orientation = orientation;
        l2 = (int)lhrandom(0.5, 256.5);
        l1 = 256 - l2;
        part->color[0] = ((((pcolor1 >> 16) & 0xFF) * l1 + ((pcolor2 >> 16) & 0xFF) * l2) >> 8) & 0xFF;
        part->color[1] = ((((pcolor1 >>  8) & 0xFF) * l1 + ((pcolor2 >>  8) & 0xFF) * l2) >> 8) & 0xFF;
        part->color[2] = ((((pcolor1 >>  0) & 0xFF) * l1 + ((pcolor2 >>  0) & 0xFF) * l2) >> 8) & 0xFF;
-       part->color[3] = 0xFF;
+       part->staintexnum = staintex;
+       if(staincolor1 >= 0 && staincolor2 >= 0)
+       {
+               l2 = (int)lhrandom(0.5, 256.5);
+               l1 = 256 - l2;
+               if(blendmode == PBLEND_INVMOD)
+               {
+                       r = ((((staincolor1 >> 16) & 0xFF) * l1 + ((staincolor2 >> 16) & 0xFF) * l2) * (255 - part->color[0])) / 0x8000; // staincolor 0x808080 keeps color invariant
+                       g = ((((staincolor1 >>  8) & 0xFF) * l1 + ((staincolor2 >>  8) & 0xFF) * l2) * (255 - part->color[1])) / 0x8000;
+                       b = ((((staincolor1 >>  0) & 0xFF) * l1 + ((staincolor2 >>  0) & 0xFF) * l2) * (255 - part->color[2])) / 0x8000;
+               }
+               else
+               {
+                       r = ((((staincolor1 >> 16) & 0xFF) * l1 + ((staincolor2 >> 16) & 0xFF) * l2) * part->color[0]) / 0x8000; // staincolor 0x808080 keeps color invariant
+                       g = ((((staincolor1 >>  8) & 0xFF) * l1 + ((staincolor2 >>  8) & 0xFF) * l2) * part->color[1]) / 0x8000;
+                       b = ((((staincolor1 >>  0) & 0xFF) * l1 + ((staincolor2 >>  0) & 0xFF) * l2) * part->color[2]) / 0x8000;
+               }
+               if(r > 0xFF) r = 0xFF;
+               if(g > 0xFF) g = 0xFF;
+               if(b > 0xFF) b = 0xFF;
+       }
+       else
+       {
+               r = part->color[0]; // -1 is shorthand for stain = particle color
+               g = part->color[1];
+               b = part->color[2];
+       }
+       part->staincolor = r * 65536 + g * 256 + b;
        part->texnum = ptex;
        part->size = psize;
+       part->sizeincrease = psizeincrease;
        part->alpha = palpha;
        part->alphafade = palphafade;
        part->gravity = pgravity;
        part->bounce = pbounce;
+       part->stretch = stretch;
        VectorRandom(v);
        part->org[0] = px + originjitter * v[0];
        part->org[1] = py + originjitter * v[1];
@@ -483,24 +597,95 @@ static particle_t *particle(particletype_t *ptype, int pcolor1, int pcolor2, int
        part->vel[1] = pvy + velocityjitter * v[1];
        part->vel[2] = pvz + velocityjitter * v[2];
        part->time2 = 0;
-       part->friction = pfriction;
+       part->airfriction = pairfriction;
+       part->liquidfriction = pliquidfriction;
+       part->die = cl.time + lifetime;
+       part->delayedcollisions = 0;
+       part->qualityreduction = pqualityreduction;
+       // if it is rain or snow, trace ahead and shut off collisions until an actual collision event needs to occur to improve performance
+       if (part->typeindex == pt_rain)
+       {
+               int i;
+               particle_t *part2;
+               float lifetime = part->die - cl.time;
+               vec3_t endvec;
+               trace_t trace;
+               // turn raindrop into simple spark and create delayedspawn splash effect
+               part->typeindex = pt_spark;
+               part->bounce = 0;
+               VectorMA(part->org, lifetime, part->vel, endvec);
+               trace = CL_TraceLine(part->org, endvec, MOVE_NOMONSTERS, NULL, SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID | SUPERCONTENTS_BODY | SUPERCONTENTS_LIQUIDSMASK, true, false, NULL, false);
+               part->die = cl.time + lifetime * trace.fraction;
+               part2 = CL_NewParticle(pt_raindecal, pcolor1, pcolor2, tex_rainsplash, part->size, part->size * 20, part->alpha, part->alpha / 0.4, 0, 0, trace.endpos[0] + trace.plane.normal[0], trace.endpos[1] + trace.plane.normal[1], trace.endpos[2] + trace.plane.normal[2], trace.plane.normal[0], trace.plane.normal[1], trace.plane.normal[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, pqualityreduction, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_ORIENTED_DOUBLESIDED, -1, -1, -1);
+               if (part2)
+               {
+                       part2->delayedspawn = part->die;
+                       part2->die += part->die - cl.time;
+                       for (i = rand() & 7;i < 10;i++)
+                       {
+                               part2 = CL_NewParticle(pt_spark, pcolor1, pcolor2, tex_particle, 0.25f, 0, part->alpha * 2, part->alpha * 4, 1, 0, trace.endpos[0] + trace.plane.normal[0], trace.endpos[1] + trace.plane.normal[1], trace.endpos[2] + trace.plane.normal[2], trace.plane.normal[0] * 16, trace.plane.normal[1] * 16, trace.plane.normal[2] * 16 + cl.movevars_gravity * 0.04, 0, 0, 0, 32, pqualityreduction, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_SPARK, -1, -1, -1);
+                               if (part2)
+                               {
+                                       part2->delayedspawn = part->die;
+                                       part2->die += part->die - cl.time;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       else if (part->bounce != 0 && part->gravity == 0 && part->typeindex != pt_snow)
+       {
+               float lifetime = part->alpha / (part->alphafade ? part->alphafade : 1);
+               vec3_t endvec;
+               trace_t trace;
+               VectorMA(part->org, lifetime, part->vel, endvec);
+               trace = CL_TraceLine(part->org, endvec, MOVE_NOMONSTERS, NULL, SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID | SUPERCONTENTS_BODY, true, false, NULL, false);
+               part->delayedcollisions = cl.time + lifetime * trace.fraction - 0.1;
+       }
        return part;
 }
 
 void CL_SpawnDecalParticleForSurface(int hitent, const vec3_t org, const vec3_t normal, int color1, int color2, int texnum, float size, float alpha)
 {
-       particle_t *p;
+       int l1, l2;
+       decal_t *decal;
        if (!cl_decals.integer)
                return;
-       p = particle(particletype + pt_decal, color1, color2, texnum, size, alpha, 0, 0, 0, org[0] + normal[0], org[1] + normal[1], org[2] + normal[2], normal[0], normal[1], normal[2], 0, 0, 0);
-       if (p)
+       for (;cl.free_decal < cl.max_decals && cl.decals[cl.free_decal].typeindex;cl.free_decal++);
+       if (cl.free_decal >= cl.max_decals)
+               return;
+       decal = &cl.decals[cl.free_decal++];
+       if (cl.num_decals < cl.free_decal)
+               cl.num_decals = cl.free_decal;
+       memset(decal, 0, sizeof(*decal));
+       decal->typeindex = pt_decal;
+       decal->texnum = texnum;
+       VectorAdd(org, normal, decal->org);
+       VectorCopy(normal, decal->normal);
+       decal->size = size;
+       decal->alpha = alpha;
+       decal->time2 = cl.time;
+       l2 = (int)lhrandom(0.5, 256.5);
+       l1 = 256 - l2;
+       decal->color[0] = ((((color1 >> 16) & 0xFF) * l1 + ((color2 >> 16) & 0xFF) * l2) >> 8) & 0xFF;
+       decal->color[1] = ((((color1 >>  8) & 0xFF) * l1 + ((color2 >>  8) & 0xFF) * l2) >> 8) & 0xFF;
+       decal->color[2] = ((((color1 >>  0) & 0xFF) * l1 + ((color2 >>  0) & 0xFF) * l2) >> 8) & 0xFF;
+       decal->owner = hitent;
+       decal->clusterindex = -1000; // no vis culling unless we're sure
+       if (hitent)
        {
-               p->time2 = cl.time;
-               p->owner = hitent;
-               p->ownermodel = cl.entities[p->owner].render.model;
-               Matrix4x4_Transform(&cl.entities[p->owner].render.inversematrix, org, p->relativeorigin);
-               Matrix4x4_Transform3x3(&cl.entities[p->owner].render.inversematrix, normal, p->relativedirection);
-               VectorAdd(p->relativeorigin, p->relativedirection, p->relativeorigin);
+               // these relative things are only used to regenerate p->org and p->vel if decal->owner is not world (0)
+               decal->ownermodel = cl.entities[decal->owner].render.model;
+               Matrix4x4_Transform(&cl.entities[decal->owner].render.inversematrix, org, decal->relativeorigin);
+               Matrix4x4_Transform3x3(&cl.entities[decal->owner].render.inversematrix, normal, decal->relativenormal);
+       }
+       else
+       {
+               if(r_refdef.scene.worldmodel && r_refdef.scene.worldmodel->brush.PointInLeaf)
+               {
+                       mleaf_t *leaf = r_refdef.scene.worldmodel->brush.PointInLeaf(r_refdef.scene.worldmodel, decal->org);
+                       if(leaf)
+                               decal->clusterindex = leaf->clusterindex;
+               }
        }
 }
 
@@ -516,7 +701,7 @@ void CL_SpawnDecalParticleForPoint(const vec3_t org, float maxdist, float size,
        {
                VectorRandom(org2);
                VectorMA(org, maxdist, org2, org2);
-               trace = CL_TraceBox(org, vec3_origin, vec3_origin, org2, true, &hitent, SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID | SUPERCONTENTS_SKY, false);
+               trace = CL_TraceLine(org, org2, MOVE_NOMONSTERS, NULL, SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID | SUPERCONTENTS_SKY, true, false, &hitent, false);
                // take the closest trace result that doesn't end up hitting a NOMARKS
                // surface (sky for example)
                if (bestfrac > trace.fraction && !(trace.hitq3surfaceflags & Q3SURFACEFLAG_NOMARKS))
@@ -531,14 +716,35 @@ void CL_SpawnDecalParticleForPoint(const vec3_t org, float maxdist, float size,
                CL_SpawnDecalParticleForSurface(besthitent, bestorg, bestnormal, color1, color2, texnum, size, alpha);
 }
 
-static void CL_Sparks(const vec3_t originmins, const vec3_t originmaxs, const vec3_t velocitymins, const vec3_t velocitymaxs, float sparkcount, float smokecount);
-void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t originmins, const vec3_t originmaxs, const vec3_t velocitymins, const vec3_t velocitymaxs, entity_t *ent, int palettecolor)
+static void CL_Sparks(const vec3_t originmins, const vec3_t originmaxs, const vec3_t velocitymins, const vec3_t velocitymaxs, float sparkcount);
+static void CL_Smoke(const vec3_t originmins, const vec3_t originmaxs, const vec3_t velocitymins, const vec3_t velocitymaxs, float smokecount);
+void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t originmins, const vec3_t originmaxs, const vec3_t velocitymins, const vec3_t velocitymaxs, entity_t *ent, int palettecolor, qboolean spawndlight, qboolean spawnparticles)
 {
        vec3_t center;
        matrix4x4_t tempmatrix;
        VectorLerp(originmins, 0.5, originmaxs, center);
        Matrix4x4_CreateTranslate(&tempmatrix, center[0], center[1], center[2]);
-       if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_WIZSPIKE)
+       if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_SVC_PARTICLE)
+       {
+               if (cl_particles.integer)
+               {
+                       // bloodhack checks if this effect's color matches regular or lightning blood and if so spawns a blood effect instead
+                       if (count == 1024)
+                               CL_ParticleExplosion(center);
+                       else if (cl_particles_blood_bloodhack.integer && !cl_particles_quake.integer && (palettecolor == 73 || palettecolor == 225))
+                               CL_ParticleEffect(EFFECT_TE_BLOOD, count / 2.0f, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, NULL, 0);
+                       else
+                       {
+                               count *= cl_particles_quality.value;
+                               for (;count > 0;count--)
+                               {
+                                       int k = particlepalette[(palettecolor & ~7) + (rand()&7)];
+                                       CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, k, k, tex_particle, 1.5, 0, 255, 0, 0.05, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0, 0, 8, 0, true, lhrandom(0.1, 0.5), 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_WIZSPIKE)
                CL_ParticleEffect(EFFECT_SVC_PARTICLE, 30*count, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, NULL, 20);
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_KNIGHTSPIKE)
                CL_ParticleEffect(EFFECT_SVC_PARTICLE, 20*count, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, NULL, 226);
@@ -552,10 +758,14 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                        CL_ParticleEffect(EFFECT_SVC_PARTICLE, 10*count, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, NULL, 0);
                        }
                        else
-                               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 15*count, 4*count);
+                       {
+                               CL_Smoke(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 4*count);
+                               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 15*count);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0x808080,0x808080, tex_particle, 3, 0, 256, 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+                       }
                }
                // bullet hole
-               if (cl_stainmaps.integer) R_Stain(center, 32, 96, 96, 96, 24, 128, 128, 128, 24);
+               R_Stain(center, 16, 40, 40, 40, 64, 88, 88, 88, 64);
                CL_SpawnDecalParticleForPoint(center, 6, 3, 255, tex_bulletdecal[rand()&7], 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_SPIKEQUAD)
@@ -568,12 +778,16 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                        CL_ParticleEffect(EFFECT_SVC_PARTICLE, 10*count, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, NULL, 0);
                        }
                        else
-                               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 15*count, 4*count);
+                       {
+                               CL_Smoke(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 4*count);
+                               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 15*count);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0x808080,0x808080, tex_particle, 3, 0, 256, 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+                       }
                }
                // bullet hole
-               if (cl_stainmaps.integer) R_Stain(center, 32, 96, 96, 96, 24, 128, 128, 128, 24);
+               R_Stain(center, 16, 40, 40, 40, 64, 88, 88, 88, 64);
                CL_SpawnDecalParticleForPoint(center, 6, 3, 255, tex_bulletdecal[rand()&7], 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF);
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 100, 0.15f, 0.15f, 1.5f, 500, 0.2, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 1, 0, 0, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 100, 0.15f, 0.15f, 1.5f, 500, 0.2, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 1, 0, 0, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_SUPERSPIKE)
        {
@@ -585,10 +799,14 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                        CL_ParticleEffect(EFFECT_SVC_PARTICLE, 20*count, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, NULL, 0);
                        }
                        else
-                               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 30*count, 8*count);
+                       {
+                               CL_Smoke(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 8*count);
+                               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 30*count);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0x808080,0x808080, tex_particle, 3, 0, 256, 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+                       }
                }
                // bullet hole
-               if (cl_stainmaps.integer) R_Stain(center, 32, 96, 96, 96, 24, 128, 128, 128, 24);
+               R_Stain(center, 16, 40, 40, 40, 64, 88, 88, 88, 64);
                CL_SpawnDecalParticleForPoint(center, 6, 3, 255, tex_bulletdecal[rand()&7], 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_SUPERSPIKEQUAD)
@@ -601,35 +819,40 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                        CL_ParticleEffect(EFFECT_SVC_PARTICLE, 20*count, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, NULL, 0);
                        }
                        else
-                               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 30*count, 8*count);
+                       {
+                               CL_Smoke(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 8*count);
+                               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 30*count);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0x808080,0x808080, tex_particle, 3, 0, 256, 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+                       }
                }
                // bullet hole
-               if (cl_stainmaps.integer) R_Stain(center, 32, 96, 96, 96, 24, 128, 128, 128, 24);
+               R_Stain(center, 16, 40, 40, 40, 64, 88, 88, 88, 64);
                CL_SpawnDecalParticleForPoint(center, 6, 3, 255, tex_bulletdecal[rand()&7], 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF);
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 100, 0.15f, 0.15f, 1.5f, 500, 0.2, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 1, 0, 0, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 100, 0.15f, 0.15f, 1.5f, 500, 0.2, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 1, 0, 0, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_BLOOD)
        {
                if (!cl_particles_blood.integer)
                        return;
                if (cl_particles_quake.integer)
-                       CL_ParticleEffect(EFFECT_SVC_PARTICLE, 20*count, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, NULL, 73);
+                       CL_ParticleEffect(EFFECT_SVC_PARTICLE, 2*count, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, NULL, 73);
                else
                {
                        static double bloodaccumulator = 0;
+                       //CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, 0x4f0000,0x7f0000, tex_particle, 2.5, 0, 256, 256, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), 0, 0, 0, 1, 4, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD);
                        bloodaccumulator += count * 0.333 * cl_particles_quality.value;
                        for (;bloodaccumulator > 0;bloodaccumulator--)
-                               particle(particletype + pt_blood, 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF, tex_bloodparticle[rand()&7], 8, cl_particles_blood_alpha.value * 768, cl_particles_blood_alpha.value * 384, 0, -1, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 1, 0, 64);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_blood, 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF, tex_bloodparticle[rand()&7], 8, 0, cl_particles_blood_alpha.value * 768, cl_particles_blood_alpha.value * 384, 1, -1, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 1, 4, 0, 64, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_INVMOD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                }
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_SPARK)
-               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, count, 0);
+               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, count);
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_PLASMABURN)
        {
                // plasma scorch mark
-               if (cl_stainmaps.integer) R_Stain(center, 48, 96, 96, 96, 32, 128, 128, 128, 32);
+               R_Stain(center, 40, 40, 40, 40, 64, 88, 88, 88, 64);
                CL_SpawnDecalParticleForPoint(center, 6, 6, 255, tex_bulletdecal[rand()&7], 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF);
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 200, 1, 1, 1, 1000, 0.2, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 1, 0, 0, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 200, 1, 1, 1, 1000, 0.2, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 1, 0, 0, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_GUNSHOT)
        {
@@ -638,10 +861,14 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                        if (cl_particles_quake.integer)
                                CL_ParticleEffect(EFFECT_SVC_PARTICLE, 20*count, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, NULL, 0);
                        else
-                               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 15*count, 4*count);
+                       {
+                               CL_Smoke(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 4*count);
+                               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 20*count);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0x808080,0x808080, tex_particle, 3, 0, 256, 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+                       }
                }
                // bullet hole
-               if (cl_stainmaps.integer) R_Stain(center, 32, 96, 96, 96, 24, 128, 128, 128, 24);
+               R_Stain(center, 16, 40, 40, 40, 64, 88, 88, 88, 64);
                CL_SpawnDecalParticleForPoint(center, 6, 3, 255, tex_bulletdecal[rand()&7], 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_GUNSHOTQUAD)
@@ -651,22 +878,26 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                        if (cl_particles_quake.integer)
                                CL_ParticleEffect(EFFECT_SVC_PARTICLE, 20*count, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, NULL, 0);
                        else
-                               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 15*count, 4*count);
+                       {
+                               CL_Smoke(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 4*count);
+                               CL_Sparks(originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, 20*count);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0x808080,0x808080, tex_particle, 3, 0, 256, 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+                       }
                }
                // bullet hole
-               if (cl_stainmaps.integer) R_Stain(center, 32, 96, 96, 96, 24, 128, 128, 128, 24);
+               R_Stain(center, 16, 40, 40, 40, 64, 88, 88, 88, 64);
                CL_SpawnDecalParticleForPoint(center, 6, 3, 255, tex_bulletdecal[rand()&7], 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF);
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 100, 0.15f, 0.15f, 1.5f, 500, 0.2, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 1, 0, 0, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 100, 0.15f, 0.15f, 1.5f, 500, 0.2, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 1, 0, 0, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_EXPLOSION)
        {
                CL_ParticleExplosion(center);
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 350, 4.0f, 2.0f, 0.50f, 700, 0.5, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 350, 4.0f, 2.0f, 0.50f, 700, 0.5, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_EXPLOSIONQUAD)
        {
                CL_ParticleExplosion(center);
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 350, 2.5f, 2.0f, 4.0f, 700, 0.5, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 350, 2.5f, 2.0f, 4.0f, 700, 0.5, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_TAREXPLOSION)
        {
@@ -676,22 +907,22 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                        for (i = 0;i < 1024 * cl_particles_quality.value;i++)
                        {
                                if (i & 1)
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_static, particlepalette[66], particlepalette[71], tex_particle, 1, lhrandom(182, 255), 182, 0, 0, center[0], center[1], center[2], 0, 0, 0, -4, 16, 256);
+                                       CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, particlepalette[66], particlepalette[71], tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, center[0], center[1], center[2], 0, 0, 0, -4, -4, 16, 256, true, (rand() & 1) ? 1.4 : 1.0, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                else
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_static, particlepalette[150], particlepalette[155], tex_particle, 1, lhrandom(182, 255), 182, 0, 0, center[0], center[1], center[2], 0, 0, lhrandom(-256, 256), 0, 16, 0);
+                                       CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, particlepalette[150], particlepalette[155], tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, center[0], center[1], center[2], 0, 0, lhrandom(-256, 256), 0, 0, 16, 0, true, (rand() & 1) ? 1.4 : 1.0, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                        }
                }
                else
                        CL_ParticleExplosion(center);
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 600, 1.6f, 0.8f, 2.0f, 1200, 0.5, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 600, 1.6f, 0.8f, 2.0f, 1200, 0.5, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_SMALLFLASH)
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 200, 2, 2, 2, 1000, 0.2, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 200, 2, 2, 2, 1000, 0.2, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_FLAMEJET)
        {
                count *= cl_particles_quality.value;
                while (count-- > 0)
-                       particle(particletype + pt_smoke, 0x6f0f00, 0xe3974f, tex_particle, 4, lhrandom(64, 128), 384, -1, 1.1, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 1, 0, 128);
+                       CL_NewParticle(pt_smoke, 0x6f0f00, 0xe3974f, tex_particle, 4, 0, lhrandom(64, 128), 384, -1, 1.1, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 1, 4, 0, 128, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_LAVASPLASH)
        {
@@ -710,7 +941,7 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                org[1] = center[1] + dir[1];
                                org[2] = center[2] + lhrandom(0, 64);
                                vel = lhrandom(50, 120) / VectorLength(dir); // normalize and scale
-                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, particlepalette[224], particlepalette[231], tex_particle, 1, inc * lhrandom(24, 32), inc * 12, 0.05, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], dir[0] * vel, dir[1] * vel, dir[2] * vel, 0, 0, 0);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, particlepalette[224], particlepalette[231], tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0.05, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], dir[0] * vel, dir[1] * vel, dir[2] * vel, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, lhrandom(2, 2.62), 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                        }
                }
        }
@@ -719,7 +950,10 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                float i, j, k, inc, vel;
                vec3_t dir;
 
-               inc = 4 / cl_particles_quality.value;
+               if (cl_particles_quake.integer)
+                       inc = 4 / cl_particles_quality.value;
+               else
+                       inc = 8 / cl_particles_quality.value;
                for (i = -16;i < 16;i += inc)
                {
                        for (j = -16;j < 16;j += inc)
@@ -729,55 +963,59 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                        VectorSet(dir, i*8, j*8, k*8);
                                        VectorNormalize(dir);
                                        vel = lhrandom(50, 113);
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, particlepalette[7], particlepalette[14], tex_particle, 1, inc * lhrandom(37, 63), inc * 187, 0, 0, center[0] + i + lhrandom(0, inc), center[1] + j + lhrandom(0, inc), center[2] + k + lhrandom(0, inc), dir[0] * vel, dir[1] * vel, dir[2] * vel, 0, 0, 0);
+                                       if (cl_particles_quake.integer)
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, particlepalette[7], particlepalette[14], tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, center[0] + i + lhrandom(0, inc), center[1] + j + lhrandom(0, inc), center[2] + k + lhrandom(0, inc), dir[0] * vel, dir[1] * vel, dir[2] * vel, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, lhrandom(0.2, 0.34), 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+                                       else
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, particlepalette[7], particlepalette[14], tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, inc * lhrandom(37, 63), inc * 187, 0, 0, center[0] + i + lhrandom(0, inc), center[1] + j + lhrandom(0, inc), center[2] + k + lhrandom(0, inc), dir[0] * vel, dir[1] * vel, dir[2] * vel, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                }
                        }
                }
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 200, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 600, 99.0f, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 1, 0, 0, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+               if (!cl_particles_quake.integer)
+                       CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0xffffff, 0xffffff, tex_particle, 30, 0, 256, 512, 0, 0, center[0], center[1], center[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, false, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 200, 2.0f, 2.0f, 2.0f, 400, 99.0f, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 1, 0, 0, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_TEI_G3)
-               particle(particletype + pt_beam, 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF, tex_beam, 8, 256, 256, 0, 0, originmins[0], originmins[1], originmins[2], originmaxs[0], originmaxs[1], originmaxs[2], 0, 0, 0);
+               CL_NewParticle(pt_beam, 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF, tex_beam, 8, 0, 256, 256, 0, 0, originmins[0], originmins[1], originmins[2], originmaxs[0], originmaxs[1], originmaxs[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, false, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_HBEAM, -1, -1, -1);
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_TEI_SMOKE)
        {
                if (cl_particles_smoke.integer)
                {
                        count *= 0.25f * cl_particles_quality.value;
                        while (count-- > 0)
-                               particle(particletype + pt_smoke, 0x202020, 0x404040, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 5, 255, 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0, 1.5f, 6.0f);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_smoke, 0x202020, 0x404040, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 5, 0, 255, 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0, 0, 1.5f, 6.0f, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                }
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_TEI_BIGEXPLOSION)
        {
                CL_ParticleExplosion(center);
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 500, 2.5f, 2.0f, 1.0f, 500, 9999, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 500, 2.5f, 2.0f, 1.0f, 500, 9999, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TE_TEI_PLASMAHIT)
        {
                float f;
-               if (cl_stainmaps.integer)
-                       R_Stain(center, 40, 96, 96, 96, 40, 128, 128, 128, 40);
+               R_Stain(center, 40, 40, 40, 40, 64, 88, 88, 88, 64);
                CL_SpawnDecalParticleForPoint(center, 6, 8, 255, tex_bulletdecal[rand()&7], 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF);
                if (cl_particles_smoke.integer)
                        for (f = 0;f < count;f += 4.0f / cl_particles_quality.value)
-                               particle(particletype + pt_smoke, 0x202020, 0x404040, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 5, 255, 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0, 20, 155);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_smoke, 0x202020, 0x404040, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 5, 0, 255, 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0, 0, 20, 155, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                if (cl_particles_sparks.integer)
                        for (f = 0;f < count;f += 1.0f / cl_particles_quality.value)
-                               particle(particletype + pt_spark, 0x2030FF, 0x80C0FF, tex_particle, 2.0f, lhrandom(64, 255), 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0, 0, 465);
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 500, 0.6f, 1.2f, 2.0f, 2000, 9999, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_spark, 0x2030FF, 0x80C0FF, tex_particle, 2.0f, 0, lhrandom(64, 255), 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0, 0, 0, 465, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_SPARK, -1, -1, -1);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 500, 0.6f, 1.2f, 2.0f, 2000, 9999, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_EF_FLAME)
        {
                count *= 300 * cl_particles_quality.value;
                while (count-- > 0)
-                       particle(particletype + pt_smoke, 0x6f0f00, 0xe3974f, tex_particle, 4, lhrandom(64, 128), 384, -1, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 1, 16, 128);
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 200, 2.0f, 1.5f, 0.5f, 0, 0, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+                       CL_NewParticle(pt_smoke, 0x6f0f00, 0xe3974f, tex_particle, 4, 0, lhrandom(64, 128), 384, -1, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 1, 4, 16, 128, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 200, 2.0f, 1.5f, 0.5f, 0, 0, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        }
        else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_EF_STARDUST)
        {
                count *= 200 * cl_particles_quality.value;
                while (count-- > 0)
-                       particle(particletype + pt_static, 0x903010, 0xFFD030, tex_particle, 4, lhrandom(64, 128), 128, 1, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0.2, 16, 128);
-               CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, 200, 1.0f, 0.7f, 0.3f, 0, 0, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+                       CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0x903010, 0xFFD030, tex_particle, 4, 0, lhrandom(64, 128), 128, 1, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0.2, 0.8, 16, 128, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, 200, 1.0f, 0.7f, 0.3f, 0, 0, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
        }
        else if (!strncmp(particleeffectname[effectnameindex], "TR_", 3))
        {
@@ -785,30 +1023,52 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                float len, dec, qd;
                int smoke, blood, bubbles, r, color;
 
-               if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_ROCKET)
-                       CL_AllocDlight(&ent->render, &ent->render.matrix, 200, 3.0f, 1.5f, 0.5f, 0, 0, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
-               else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_VORESPIKE)
+               if (spawndlight && r_refdef.scene.numlights < MAX_DLIGHTS)
                {
-                       if (gamemode == GAME_PRYDON && !cl_particles_quake.integer)
-                               CL_AllocDlight(&ent->render, &ent->render.matrix, 100, 0.3f, 0.6f, 1.2f, 0, 0, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
-                       else
-                               CL_AllocDlight(&ent->render, &ent->render.matrix, 200, 1.2f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 0, 0, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+                       vec4_t light;
+                       Vector4Set(light, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+
+                       if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_ROCKET)
+                               Vector4Set(light, 3.0f, 1.5f, 0.5f, 200);
+                       else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_VORESPIKE)
+                       {
+                               if (gamemode == GAME_PRYDON && !cl_particles_quake.integer)
+                                       Vector4Set(light, 0.3f, 0.6f, 1.2f, 100);
+                               else
+                                       Vector4Set(light, 1.2f, 0.5f, 1.0f, 200);
+                       }
+                       else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_NEXUIZPLASMA)
+                               Vector4Set(light, 0.75f, 1.5f, 3.0f, 200);
+
+                       if (light[3])
+                       {
+                               matrix4x4_t tempmatrix;
+                               Matrix4x4_CreateFromQuakeEntity(&tempmatrix, originmaxs[0], originmaxs[1], originmaxs[2], 0, 0, 0, light[3]);
+                               R_RTLight_Update(&r_refdef.scene.templights[r_refdef.scene.numlights], false, &tempmatrix, light, -1, NULL, true, 1, 0.25, 0, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+                               r_refdef.scene.lights[r_refdef.scene.numlights] = &r_refdef.scene.templights[r_refdef.scene.numlights++];
+                       }
                }
-               else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_NEXUIZPLASMA)
-                       CL_AllocDlight(&ent->render, &ent->render.matrix, 200, 0.75f, 1.5f, 3.0f, 0, 0, 0, -1, true, 1, 0.25, 0.25, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+
+               if (!spawnparticles)
+                       return;
 
                if (originmaxs[0] == originmins[0] && originmaxs[1] == originmins[1] && originmaxs[2] == originmins[2])
                        return;
 
                VectorSubtract(originmaxs, originmins, dir);
                len = VectorNormalizeLength(dir);
-               dec = -ent->persistent.trail_time;
-               ent->persistent.trail_time += len;
-               if (ent->persistent.trail_time < 0.01f)
-                       return;
+               if (ent)
+               {
+                       dec = -ent->persistent.trail_time;
+                       ent->persistent.trail_time += len;
+                       if (ent->persistent.trail_time < 0.01f)
+                               return;
 
-               // if we skip out, leave it reset
-               ent->persistent.trail_time = 0.0f;
+                       // if we skip out, leave it reset
+                       ent->persistent.trail_time = 0.0f;
+               }
+               else
+                       dec = 0;
 
                // advance into this frame to reach the first puff location
                VectorMA(originmins, dec, dir, pos);
@@ -829,12 +1089,12 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                        if (cl_particles_quake.integer)
                                        {
                                                color = particlepalette[67 + (rand()&3)];
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1, 255, 128, 0, -0.05, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0.05, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, true, 2, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                                dec = 16;
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_blood, 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF, tex_bloodparticle[rand()&7], 8, qd * cl_particles_blood_alpha.value * 768.0f, qd * cl_particles_blood_alpha.value * 384.0f, 0, -1, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 1, 0, 64);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_blood, 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF, tex_bloodparticle[rand()&7], 8, 0, qd * cl_particles_blood_alpha.value * 768.0f, qd * cl_particles_blood_alpha.value * 384.0f, 1, -1, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 1, 4, 0, 64, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_INVMOD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                }
                                else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_SLIGHTBLOOD)
@@ -843,12 +1103,12 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                        {
                                                dec = 6;
                                                color = particlepalette[67 + (rand()&3)];
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1, 255, 128, 0, -0.05, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0.05, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, true, 2, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                                dec = 32;
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_blood, 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF, tex_bloodparticle[rand()&7], 8, qd * cl_particles_blood_alpha.value * 768.0f, qd * cl_particles_blood_alpha.value * 384.0f, 0, -1, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 1, 0, 64);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_blood, 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF, tex_bloodparticle[rand()&7], 8, 0, qd * cl_particles_blood_alpha.value * 768.0f, qd * cl_particles_blood_alpha.value * 384.0f, 1, -1, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 1, 4, 0, 64, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_INVMOD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                }
                        }
@@ -860,12 +1120,12 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                        {
                                                r = rand()&3;
                                                color = particlepalette[ramp3[r]];
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1, 42*(6-r), 306, 0, -0.05, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, -0.05, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, true, 0.1372549*(6-r), 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_smoke, 0x303030, 0x606060, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 3, cl_particles_smoke_alpha.value*62, cl_particles_smoke_alphafade.value*62, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_static, 0x801010, 0xFFA020, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 3, cl_particles_smoke_alpha.value*288, cl_particles_smoke_alphafade.value*1400, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 20);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_smoke, 0x303030, 0x606060, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 3, 0, cl_particles_smoke_alpha.value*62, cl_particles_smoke_alphafade.value*62, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0x801010, 0xFFA020, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 3, 0, cl_particles_smoke_alpha.value*288, cl_particles_smoke_alphafade.value*1400, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 20, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                }
                                else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_GRENADE)
@@ -874,11 +1134,11 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                        {
                                                r = 2 + (rand()%5);
                                                color = particlepalette[ramp3[r]];
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1, 42*(6-r), 306, 0, -0.05, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, -0.05, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, true, 0.1372549*(6-r), 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_smoke, 0x303030, 0x606060, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 3, cl_particles_smoke_alpha.value*50, cl_particles_smoke_alphafade.value*50, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_smoke, 0x303030, 0x606060, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 3, 0, cl_particles_smoke_alpha.value*50, cl_particles_smoke_alphafade.value*75, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                }
                                else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_WIZSPIKE)
@@ -887,18 +1147,18 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                        {
                                                dec = 6;
                                                color = particlepalette[52 + (rand()&7)];
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1, 255, 512, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 30*dir[1], 30*-dir[0], 0, 0, 0, 0);
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1, 255, 512, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 30*-dir[1], 30*dir[0], 0, 0, 0, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 30*dir[1], 30*-dir[0], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0.5, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 30*-dir[1], 30*dir[0], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0.5, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                        else if (gamemode == GAME_GOODVSBAD2)
                                        {
                                                dec = 6;
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_static, 0x00002E, 0x000030, tex_particle, 6, 128, 384, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0x00002E, 0x000030, tex_particle, 6, 0, 128, 384, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                                color = particlepalette[20 + (rand()&7)];
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_static, color, color, tex_particle, 2, 64, 192, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_static, color, color, tex_particle, 2, 0, 64, 192, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                }
                                else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_KNIGHTSPIKE)
@@ -907,13 +1167,13 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                        {
                                                dec = 6;
                                                color = particlepalette[230 + (rand()&7)];
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1, 255, 512, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 30*dir[1], 30*-dir[0], 0, 0, 0, 0);
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1, 255, 512, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 30*-dir[1], 30*dir[0], 0, 0, 0, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 30*dir[1], 30*-dir[0], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0.5, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 30*-dir[1], 30*dir[0], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0.5, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                                color = particlepalette[226 + (rand()&7)];
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_static, color, color, tex_particle, 2, 64, 192, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_static, color, color, tex_particle, 2, 0, 64, 192, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                }
                                else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_VORESPIKE)
@@ -921,96 +1181,80 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(int effectnameindex, float count, const vec3_t o
                                        if (cl_particles_quake.integer)
                                        {
                                                color = particlepalette[152 + (rand()&3)];
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1, 255, 850, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 8, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 8, 0, true, 0.3, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                        else if (gamemode == GAME_GOODVSBAD2)
                                        {
                                                dec = 6;
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, particlepalette[0 + (rand()&255)], particlepalette[0 + (rand()&255)], tex_particle, 6, 255, 384, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, particlepalette[0 + (rand()&255)], particlepalette[0 + (rand()&255)], tex_particle, 6, 0, 255, 384, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                        else if (gamemode == GAME_PRYDON)
                                        {
                                                dec = 6;
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_static, 0x103040, 0x204050, tex_particle, 6, 64, 192, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0x103040, 0x204050, tex_particle, 6, 0, 64, 192, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                        }
                                        else
-                                               particle(particletype + pt_static, 0x502030, 0x502030, tex_particle, 3, 64, 192, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0x502030, 0x502030, tex_particle, 3, 0, 64, 192, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                }
                                else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_NEHAHRASMOKE)
                                {
                                        dec = 7;
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, 0x303030, 0x606060, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 7, 64, 320, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, lhrandom(4, 12), 0, 0, 4);
+                                       CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, 0x303030, 0x606060, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 7, 0, 64, 320, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, lhrandom(4, 12), 0, 0, 0, 4, false, 0, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                }
                                else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_NEXUIZPLASMA)
                                {
                                        dec = 4;
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_static, 0x283880, 0x283880, tex_particle, 4, 255, 1024, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 16);
+                                       CL_NewParticle(pt_static, 0x283880, 0x283880, tex_particle, 4, 0, 255, 1024, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 16, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                }
                                else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_GLOWTRAIL)
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, particlepalette[palettecolor], particlepalette[palettecolor], tex_particle, 5, 128, 320, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+                                       CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, particlepalette[palettecolor], particlepalette[palettecolor], tex_particle, 5, 0, 128, 320, 0, 0, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                        }
                        if (bubbles)
                        {
                                if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_ROCKET)
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_bubble, 0x404040, 0x808080, tex_bubble, 2, lhrandom(64, 255), 256, -0.25, 1.5, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, (1.0 / 16.0), 0, 16);
+                                       CL_NewParticle(pt_bubble, 0x404040, 0x808080, tex_bubble, 2, 0, lhrandom(128, 512), 512, -0.25, 1.5, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0.0625, 0.25, 0, 16, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                                else if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_TR_GRENADE)
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_bubble, 0x404040, 0x808080, tex_bubble, 2, lhrandom(64, 255), 256, -0.25, 1.5, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, (1.0 / 16.0), 0, 16);
+                                       CL_NewParticle(pt_bubble, 0x404040, 0x808080, tex_bubble, 2, 0, lhrandom(128, 512), 512, -0.25, 1.5, pos[0], pos[1], pos[2], 0, 0, 0, 0.0625, 0.25, 0, 16, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                        }
                        // advance to next time and position
                        dec *= qd;
                        len -= dec;
                        VectorMA (pos, dec, dir, pos);
                }
-               ent->persistent.trail_time = len;
+               if (ent)
+                       ent->persistent.trail_time = len;
        }
        else if (developer.integer >= 1)
                Con_Printf("CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback: no fallback found for effect %s\n", particleeffectname[effectnameindex]);
 }
 
-void CL_ParticleEffect(int effectnameindex, float pcount, const vec3_t originmins, const vec3_t originmaxs, const vec3_t velocitymins, const vec3_t velocitymaxs, entity_t *ent, int palettecolor)
+// this is also called on point effects with spawndlight = true and
+// spawnparticles = true
+// it is called CL_ParticleTrail because most code does not want to supply
+// these parameters, only trail handling does
+void CL_ParticleTrail(int effectnameindex, float pcount, const vec3_t originmins, const vec3_t originmaxs, const vec3_t velocitymins, const vec3_t velocitymaxs, entity_t *ent, int palettecolor, qboolean spawndlight, qboolean spawnparticles)
 {
        vec3_t center;
        qboolean found = false;
-       if (effectnameindex < 1 || effectnameindex >= MAX_PARTICLEEFFECTNAME)
-               return; // invalid effect index
-       if (!particleeffectname[effectnameindex][0])
-               return; // no such effect
-       VectorLerp(originmins, 0.5, originmaxs, center);
-       if (effectnameindex == EFFECT_SVC_PARTICLE)
+       if (effectnameindex < 1 || effectnameindex >= MAX_PARTICLEEFFECTNAME || !particleeffectname[effectnameindex][0])
        {
-               if (!cl_particles.integer)
-                       return;
-               // bloodhack checks if this effect's color matches regular or lightning blood and if so spawns a blood effect instead
-               if (pcount == 1024)
-                       CL_ParticleExplosion(center);
-               else if (cl_particles_blood_bloodhack.integer && !cl_particles_quake.integer && (palettecolor == 73 || palettecolor == 225))
-                       CL_ParticleEffect(EFFECT_TE_BLOOD, pcount / 6.0f, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, NULL, 0);
-               else
-               {
-                       float count = pcount * cl_particles_quality.value;
-                       for (;count > 0;count--)
-                       {
-                               int k = particlepalette[palettecolor + (rand()&7)];
-                               if (cl_particles_quake.integer)
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, k, k, tex_particle, 1, lhrandom(51, 255), 512, 0.05, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0, 8, 0);
-                               else if (gamemode == GAME_GOODVSBAD2)
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, k, k, tex_particle, 5, 255, 300, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0, 8, 10);
-                               else
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, k, k, tex_particle, 1, 255, 512, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0, 8, 15);
-                       }
-               }
+               Con_DPrintf("Unknown effect number %i received from server\n", effectnameindex);
+               return; // no such effect
        }
-       else if (!cl_particles_quake.integer && particleeffectinfo[0].effectnameindex)
+       VectorLerp(originmins, 0.5, originmaxs, center);
+       if (!cl_particles_quake.integer && particleeffectinfo[0].effectnameindex)
        {
                int effectinfoindex;
                int supercontents;
-               int tex;
+               int tex, staintex;
                particleeffectinfo_t *info;
                vec3_t center;
                vec3_t centervelocity;
                vec3_t traildir;
                vec3_t trailpos;
                vec3_t rvec;
+               vec_t traillen;
+               vec_t trailstep;
                qboolean underwater;
                // note this runs multiple effects with the same name, each one spawns only one kind of particle, so some effects need more than one
                VectorLerp(originmins, 0.5, originmaxs, center);
@@ -1018,6 +1262,7 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect(int effectnameindex, float pcount, const vec3_t originmin
                supercontents = CL_PointSuperContents(center);
                underwater = (supercontents & (SUPERCONTENTS_WATER | SUPERCONTENTS_SLIME)) != 0;
                VectorSubtract(originmaxs, originmins, traildir);
+               traillen = VectorLength(traildir);
                VectorNormalize(traildir);
                for (effectinfoindex = 0, info = particleeffectinfo;effectinfoindex < MAX_PARTICLEEFFECTINFO && info->effectnameindex;effectinfoindex++, info++)
                {
@@ -1030,16 +1275,32 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect(int effectnameindex, float pcount, const vec3_t originmin
                                        continue;
 
                                // spawn a dlight if requested
-                               if (info->lightradiusstart > 0)
+                               if (info->lightradiusstart > 0 && spawndlight)
                                {
                                        matrix4x4_t tempmatrix;
                                        if (info->trailspacing > 0)
                                                Matrix4x4_CreateTranslate(&tempmatrix, originmaxs[0], originmaxs[1], originmaxs[2]);
                                        else
                                                Matrix4x4_CreateTranslate(&tempmatrix, center[0], center[1], center[2]);
-                                       CL_AllocDlight(NULL, &tempmatrix, info->lightradiusstart, info->lightcolor[0], info->lightcolor[1], info->lightcolor[2], info->lightradiusfade, info->lighttime, info->lightcubemapnum, -1, info->lightshadow, 1, 0.25, 0, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+                                       if (info->lighttime > 0 && info->lightradiusfade > 0)
+                                       {
+                                               // light flash (explosion, etc)
+                                               // called when effect starts
+                                               CL_AllocLightFlash(NULL, &tempmatrix, info->lightradiusstart, info->lightcolor[0], info->lightcolor[1], info->lightcolor[2], info->lightradiusfade, info->lighttime, info->lightcubemapnum, -1, info->lightshadow, 1, 0.25, 0, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+                                       }
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               // glowing entity
+                                               // called by CL_LinkNetworkEntity
+                                               Matrix4x4_Scale(&tempmatrix, info->lightradiusstart, 1);
+                                               R_RTLight_Update(&r_refdef.scene.templights[r_refdef.scene.numlights], false, &tempmatrix, info->lightcolor, -1, info->lightcubemapnum > 0 ? va("cubemaps/%i", info->lightcubemapnum) : NULL, info->lightshadow, 1, 0.25, 0, 1, 1, LIGHTFLAG_NORMALMODE | LIGHTFLAG_REALTIMEMODE);
+                                               r_refdef.scene.lights[r_refdef.scene.numlights] = &r_refdef.scene.templights[r_refdef.scene.numlights++];
+                                       }
                                }
 
+                               if (!spawnparticles)
+                                       continue;
+
                                // spawn particles
                                tex = info->tex[0];
                                if (info->tex[1] > info->tex[0])
@@ -1047,10 +1308,17 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect(int effectnameindex, float pcount, const vec3_t originmin
                                        tex = (int)lhrandom(info->tex[0], info->tex[1]);
                                        tex = min(tex, info->tex[1] - 1);
                                }
+                               if(info->staintex[0] < 0)
+                                       staintex = info->staintex[0];
+                               else
+                               {
+                                       staintex = (int)lhrandom(info->staintex[0], info->staintex[1]);
+                                       staintex = min(staintex, info->staintex[1] - 1);
+                               }
                                if (info->particletype == pt_decal)
                                        CL_SpawnDecalParticleForPoint(center, info->originjitter[0], lhrandom(info->size[0], info->size[1]), lhrandom(info->alpha[0], info->alpha[1]), tex, info->color[0], info->color[1]);
-                               else if (info->particletype == pt_beam)
-                                       particle(particletype + info->particletype, info->color[0], info->color[1], tex, lhrandom(info->size[0], info->size[1]), lhrandom(info->alpha[0], info->alpha[1]), info->alpha[2], 0, 0, originmins[0], originmins[1], originmins[2], originmaxs[0], originmaxs[1], originmaxs[2], 0, 0, 0);
+                               else if (info->orientation == PARTICLE_HBEAM)
+                                       CL_NewParticle(info->particletype, info->color[0], info->color[1], tex, lhrandom(info->size[0], info->size[1]), info->size[2], lhrandom(info->alpha[0], info->alpha[1]), info->alpha[2], 0, 0, originmins[0], originmins[1], originmins[2], originmaxs[0], originmaxs[1], originmaxs[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, false, lhrandom(info->time[0], info->time[1]), info->stretchfactor, info->blendmode, info->orientation, info->staincolor[0], info->staincolor[1], staintex);
                                else
                                {
                                        if (!cl_particles.integer)
@@ -1061,34 +1329,51 @@ void CL_ParticleEffect(int effectnameindex, float pcount, const vec3_t originmin
                                        case pt_spark: if (!cl_particles_sparks.integer) continue;break;
                                        case pt_bubble: if (!cl_particles_bubbles.integer) continue;break;
                                        case pt_blood: if (!cl_particles_blood.integer) continue;break;
+                                       case pt_rain: if (!cl_particles_rain.integer) continue;break;
+                                       case pt_snow: if (!cl_particles_snow.integer) continue;break;
                                        default: break;
                                        }
-                                       info->particleaccumulator += info->countabsolute + pcount * info->countmultiplier * cl_particles_quality.value;
                                        VectorCopy(originmins, trailpos);
-                                       for (;info->particleaccumulator > 0;info->particleaccumulator--)
+                                       if (info->trailspacing > 0)
+                                       {
+                                               info->particleaccumulator += traillen / info->trailspacing * cl_particles_quality.value;
+                                               trailstep = info->trailspacing / cl_particles_quality.value;
+                                       }
+                                       else
+                                       {
+                                               info->particleaccumulator += info->countabsolute + pcount * info->countmultiplier * cl_particles_quality.value;
+                                               trailstep = 0;
+                                       }
+                                       info->particleaccumulator = bound(0, info->particleaccumulator, 16384);
+                                       for (;info->particleaccumulator >= 1;info->particleaccumulator--)
                                        {
                                                if (info->tex[1] > info->tex[0])
                                                {
                                                        tex = (int)lhrandom(info->tex[0], info->tex[1]);
                                                        tex = min(tex, info->tex[1] - 1);
                                                }
-                                               if (info->trailspacing <= 0)
+                                               if (!trailstep)
                                                {
                                                        trailpos[0] = lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]);
                                                        trailpos[1] = lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]);
                                                        trailpos[2] = lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]);
                                                }
                                                VectorRandom(rvec);
-                                               particle(particletype + info->particletype, info->color[0], info->color[1], tex, lhrandom(info->size[0], info->size[1]), lhrandom(info->alpha[0], info->alpha[1]), info->alpha[2], info->gravity, info->bounce, trailpos[0] + info->originoffset[0] + info->originjitter[0] * rvec[0], trailpos[1] + info->originoffset[1] + info->originjitter[1] * rvec[1], trailpos[2] + info->originoffset[2] + info->originjitter[2] * rvec[2], lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]) * info->velocitymultiplier + info->velocityoffset[0] + info->velocityjitter[0] * rvec[0], lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]) * info->velocitymultiplier + info->velocityoffset[1] + info->velocityjitter[1] * rvec[1], lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]) * info->velocitymultiplier + info->velocityoffset[2] + info->velocityjitter[2] * rvec[2], info->airfriction, 0, 0);
-                                               if (info->trailspacing > 0)
-                                                       VectorMA(trailpos, info->trailspacing, traildir, trailpos);
+                                               CL_NewParticle(info->particletype, info->color[0], info->color[1], tex, lhrandom(info->size[0], info->size[1]), info->size[2], lhrandom(info->alpha[0], info->alpha[1]), info->alpha[2], info->gravity, info->bounce, trailpos[0] + info->originoffset[0] + info->originjitter[0] * rvec[0], trailpos[1] + info->originoffset[1] + info->originjitter[1] * rvec[1], trailpos[2] + info->originoffset[2] + info->originjitter[2] * rvec[2], lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]) * info->velocitymultiplier + info->velocityoffset[0] + info->velocityjitter[0] * rvec[0], lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]) * info->velocitymultiplier + info->velocityoffset[1] + info->velocityjitter[1] * rvec[1], lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]) * info->velocitymultiplier + info->velocityoffset[2] + info->velocityjitter[2] * rvec[2], info->airfriction, info->liquidfriction, 0, 0, info->countabsolute <= 0, lhrandom(info->time[0], info->time[1]), info->stretchfactor, info->blendmode, info->orientation, info->staincolor[0], info->staincolor[1], staintex);
+                                               if (trailstep)
+                                                       VectorMA(trailpos, trailstep, traildir, trailpos);
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }
        }
        if (!found)
-               CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(effectnameindex, pcount, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, ent, palettecolor);
+               CL_ParticleEffect_Fallback(effectnameindex, pcount, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, ent, palettecolor, spawndlight, spawnparticles);
+}
+
+void CL_ParticleEffect(int effectnameindex, float pcount, const vec3_t originmins, const vec3_t originmaxs, const vec3_t velocitymins, const vec3_t velocitymaxs, entity_t *ent, int palettecolor)
+{
+       CL_ParticleTrail(effectnameindex, pcount, originmins, originmaxs, velocitymins, velocitymaxs, ent, palettecolor, true, true);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1102,6 +1387,7 @@ void CL_EntityParticles (const entity_t *ent)
        float pitch, yaw, dist = 64, beamlength = 16, org[3], v[3];
        static vec3_t avelocities[NUMVERTEXNORMALS];
        if (!cl_particles.integer) return;
+       if (cl.time <= cl.oldtime) return; // don't spawn new entity particles while paused
 
        Matrix4x4_OriginFromMatrix(&ent->render.matrix, org);
 
@@ -1116,7 +1402,7 @@ void CL_EntityParticles (const entity_t *ent)
                v[0] = org[0] + m_bytenormals[i][0] * dist + (cos(pitch)*cos(yaw)) * beamlength;
                v[1] = org[1] + m_bytenormals[i][1] * dist + (cos(pitch)*sin(yaw)) * beamlength;
                v[2] = org[2] + m_bytenormals[i][2] * dist + (-sin(pitch)) * beamlength;
-               particle(particletype + pt_entityparticle, particlepalette[0x6f], particlepalette[0x6f], tex_particle, 1, 255, 0, 0, 0, v[0], v[1], v[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+               CL_NewParticle(pt_entityparticle, particlepalette[0x6f], particlepalette[0x6f], tex_particle, 1, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, v[0], v[1], v[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
        }
 }
 
@@ -1156,6 +1442,9 @@ void CL_ReadPointFile_f (void)
                        t++;
                tchar = *t;
                *t = 0;
+#if _MSC_VER >= 1400
+#define sscanf sscanf_s
+#endif
                r = sscanf (pointfilepos,"%f %f %f", &org[0], &org[1], &org[2]);
                *t = tchar;
                pointfilepos = t;
@@ -1168,16 +1457,16 @@ void CL_ReadPointFile_f (void)
                if (cl.num_particles < cl.max_particles - 3)
                {
                        s++;
-                       particle(particletype + pt_static, particlepalette[(-c)&15], particlepalette[(-c)&15], tex_particle, 2, 255, 0, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+                       CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, particlepalette[(-c)&15], particlepalette[(-c)&15], tex_particle, 2, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 1<<30, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                }
        }
        Mem_Free(pointfile);
        VectorCopy(leakorg, org);
        Con_Printf("%i points read (%i particles spawned)\nLeak at %f %f %f\n", c, s, org[0], org[1], org[2]);
 
-       particle(particletype + pt_beam, 0xFF0000, 0xFF0000, tex_beam, 64, 255, 0, 0, 0, org[0] - 4096, org[1], org[2], org[0] + 4096, org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0);
-       particle(particletype + pt_beam, 0x00FF00, 0x00FF00, tex_beam, 64, 255, 0, 0, 0, org[0], org[1] - 4096, org[2], org[0], org[1] + 4096, org[2], 0, 0, 0);
-       particle(particletype + pt_beam, 0x0000FF, 0x0000FF, tex_beam, 64, 255, 0, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2] - 4096, org[0], org[1], org[2] + 4096, 0, 0, 0);
+       CL_NewParticle(pt_beam, 0xFF0000, 0xFF0000, tex_beam, 64, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, org[0] - 4096, org[1], org[2], org[0] + 4096, org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, false, 1<<30, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_HBEAM, -1, -1, -1);
+       CL_NewParticle(pt_beam, 0x00FF00, 0x00FF00, tex_beam, 64, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, org[0], org[1] - 4096, org[2], org[0], org[1] + 4096, org[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, false, 1<<30, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_HBEAM, -1, -1, -1);
+       CL_NewParticle(pt_beam, 0x0000FF, 0x0000FF, tex_beam, 64, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2] - 4096, org[0], org[1], org[2] + 4096, 0, 0, 0, 0, false, 1<<30, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_HBEAM, -1, -1, -1);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1194,7 +1483,7 @@ void CL_ParseParticleEffect (void)
 
        MSG_ReadVector(org, cls.protocol);
        for (i=0 ; i<3 ; i++)
-               dir[i] = MSG_ReadChar ();
+               dir[i] = MSG_ReadChar () * (1.0 / 16.0);
        msgcount = MSG_ReadByte ();
        color = MSG_ReadByte ();
 
@@ -1218,8 +1507,7 @@ void CL_ParticleExplosion (const vec3_t org)
        trace_t trace;
        //vec3_t v;
        //vec3_t v2;
-       if (cl_stainmaps.integer)
-               R_Stain(org, 96, 80, 80, 80, 64, 176, 176, 176, 64);
+       R_Stain(org, 96, 40, 40, 40, 64, 88, 88, 88, 64);
        CL_SpawnDecalParticleForPoint(org, 40, 48, 255, tex_bulletdecal[rand()&7], 0xFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFF);
 
        if (cl_particles_quake.integer)
@@ -1231,12 +1519,12 @@ void CL_ParticleExplosion (const vec3_t org)
                        if (i & 1)
                        {
                                color = particlepalette[ramp1[r]];
-                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1, 32 * (8 - r), 318, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, -4, 16, 256);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, -4, -4, 16, 256, true, 0.1006 * (8 - r), 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                                color = particlepalette[ramp2[r]];
-                               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1, 32 * (8 - r), 478, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, 1, 16, 256);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, color, color, tex_particle, 1.5f, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 16, 256, true, 0.0669 * (8 - r), 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                        }
                }
        }
@@ -1247,36 +1535,29 @@ void CL_ParticleExplosion (const vec3_t org)
                {
                        if (cl_particles.integer && cl_particles_bubbles.integer)
                                for (i = 0;i < 128 * cl_particles_quality.value;i++)
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_bubble, 0x404040, 0x808080, tex_bubble, 2, lhrandom(128, 255), 128, -0.125, 1.5, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, (1.0 / 16.0), 16, 96);
+                                       CL_NewParticle(pt_bubble, 0x404040, 0x808080, tex_bubble, 2, 0, lhrandom(128, 255), 128, -0.125, 1.5, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, 0.0625, 0.25, 16, 96, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                }
                else
                {
-                       // LordHavoc: smoke effect similar to UT2003, chews fillrate too badly up close
-                       // smoke puff
-                       if (cl_particles.integer && cl_particles_smoke.integer && cl_particles_explosions_smoke.integer)
+                       if (cl_particles.integer && cl_particles_sparks.integer && cl_particles_explosions_sparks.integer)
                        {
-                               for (i = 0;i < 32;i++)
+                               for (i = 0;i < 512 * cl_particles_quality.value;i++)
                                {
                                        int k;
                                        vec3_t v, v2;
                                        for (k = 0;k < 16;k++)
                                        {
-                                               v[0] = org[0] + lhrandom(-48, 48);
-                                               v[1] = org[1] + lhrandom(-48, 48);
-                                               v[2] = org[2] + lhrandom(-48, 48);
-                                               trace = CL_TraceBox(org, vec3_origin, vec3_origin, v, true, NULL, SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID, false);
+                                               VectorRandom(v2);
+                                               VectorMA(org, 128, v2, v);
+                                               trace = CL_TraceLine(org, v, MOVE_NOMONSTERS, NULL, SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID, true, false, NULL, false);
                                                if (trace.fraction >= 0.1)
                                                        break;
                                        }
                                        VectorSubtract(trace.endpos, org, v2);
                                        VectorScale(v2, 2.0f, v2);
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_smoke, 0x202020, 0x404040, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 12, 32, 64, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], v2[0], v2[1], v2[2], 0, 0, 0);
+                                       CL_NewParticle(pt_spark, 0x903010, 0xFFD030, tex_particle, 1.0f, 0, lhrandom(0, 255), 512, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], v2[0], v2[1], v2[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_SPARK, -1, -1, -1);
                                }
                        }
-
-                       if (cl_particles.integer && cl_particles_sparks.integer && cl_particles_explosions_sparks.integer)
-                               for (i = 0;i < 128 * cl_particles_quality.value;i++)
-                                       particle(particletype + pt_spark, 0x903010, 0xFFD030, tex_particle, 1.0f, lhrandom(0, 255), 512, 1, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 80, 0.2, 0, 256);
                }
        }
 
@@ -1299,83 +1580,91 @@ void CL_ParticleExplosion2 (const vec3_t org, int colorStart, int colorLength)
        {
                k = particlepalette[colorStart + (i % colorLength)];
                if (cl_particles_quake.integer)
-                       particle(particletype + pt_static, k, k, tex_particle, 1, 255, 850, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, -4, 8, 256);
+                       CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, k, k, tex_particle, 1, 0, 255, 0, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, -4, -4, 16, 256, true, 0.3, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                else
-                       particle(particletype + pt_static, k, k, tex_particle, lhrandom(0.5, 1.5), 255, 512, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, lhrandom(1.5, 3), 8, 192);
+                       CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, k, k, tex_particle, lhrandom(0.5, 1.5), 0, 255, 512, 0, 0, org[0], org[1], org[2], 0, 0, 0, lhrandom(1.5, 3), lhrandom(1.5, 3), 8, 192, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
        }
 }
 
-static void CL_Sparks(const vec3_t originmins, const vec3_t originmaxs, const vec3_t velocitymins, const vec3_t velocitymaxs, float sparkcount, float smokecount)
+static void CL_Sparks(const vec3_t originmins, const vec3_t originmaxs, const vec3_t velocitymins, const vec3_t velocitymaxs, float sparkcount)
 {
        if (cl_particles_sparks.integer)
        {
                sparkcount *= cl_particles_quality.value;
                while(sparkcount-- > 0)
-                       particle(particletype + pt_spark, particlepalette[0x68], particlepalette[0x6f], tex_particle, 0.4f, lhrandom(64, 255), 512, 1, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]) + sv_gravity.value * 0.1, 0, 0, 64);
+                       CL_NewParticle(pt_spark, particlepalette[0x68], particlepalette[0x6f], tex_particle, 0.5f, 0, lhrandom(64, 255), 512, 1, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]) + cl.movevars_gravity * 0.1f, 0, 0, 0, 64, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_SPARK, -1, -1, -1);
        }
+}
+
+static void CL_Smoke(const vec3_t originmins, const vec3_t originmaxs, const vec3_t velocitymins, const vec3_t velocitymaxs, float smokecount)
+{
        if (cl_particles_smoke.integer)
        {
                smokecount *= cl_particles_quality.value;
                while(smokecount-- > 0)
-                       particle(particletype + pt_smoke, 0x101010, 0x202020, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 3, 255, 1024, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0, 0, 8);
+                       CL_NewParticle(pt_smoke, 0x101010, 0x101010, tex_smoke[rand()&7], 2, 2, 255, 256, 0, 0, lhrandom(originmins[0], originmaxs[0]), lhrandom(originmins[1], originmaxs[1]), lhrandom(originmins[2], originmaxs[2]), lhrandom(velocitymins[0], velocitymaxs[0]), lhrandom(velocitymins[1], velocitymaxs[1]), lhrandom(velocitymins[2], velocitymaxs[2]), 0, 0, 0, smokecount > 0 ? 16 : 0, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
        }
 }
 
-void CL_ParticleCube (const vec3_t mins, const vec3_t maxs, const vec3_t dir, int count, int colorbase, int gravity, int randomvel)
+void CL_ParticleCube (const vec3_t mins, const vec3_t maxs, const vec3_t dir, int count, int colorbase, vec_t gravity, vec_t randomvel)
 {
        int k;
        if (!cl_particles.integer) return;
 
-       count *= cl_particles_quality.value;
+       count = (int)(count * cl_particles_quality.value);
        while (count--)
        {
                k = particlepalette[colorbase + (rand()&3)];
-               particle(particletype + pt_alphastatic, k, k, tex_particle, 2, 255, 128, gravity ? 1 : 0, 0, lhrandom(mins[0], maxs[0]), lhrandom(mins[1], maxs[1]), lhrandom(mins[2], maxs[2]), dir[0], dir[1], dir[2], 0, 0, randomvel);
+               CL_NewParticle(pt_alphastatic, k, k, tex_particle, 2, 0, 255, 128, gravity, 0, lhrandom(mins[0], maxs[0]), lhrandom(mins[1], maxs[1]), lhrandom(mins[2], maxs[2]), dir[0], dir[1], dir[2], 0, 0, 0, randomvel, true, 0, 1, PBLEND_ALPHA, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
        }
 }
 
 void CL_ParticleRain (const vec3_t mins, const vec3_t maxs, const vec3_t dir, int count, int colorbase, int type)
 {
        int k;
-       float z, minz, maxz;
-       particle_t *p;
+       float minz, maxz, lifetime = 30;
        if (!cl_particles.integer) return;
        if (dir[2] < 0) // falling
-               z = maxs[2];
+       {
+               minz = maxs[2] + dir[2] * 0.1;
+               maxz = maxs[2];
+               if (cl.worldmodel)
+                       lifetime = (maxz - cl.worldmodel->normalmins[2]) / max(1, -dir[2]);
+       }
        else // rising??
-               z = mins[2];
-
-       minz = z - fabs(dir[2]) * 0.1;
-       maxz = z + fabs(dir[2]) * 0.1;
-       minz = bound(mins[2], minz, maxs[2]);
-       maxz = bound(mins[2], maxz, maxs[2]);
+       {
+               minz = mins[2];
+               maxz = maxs[2] + dir[2] * 0.1;
+               if (cl.worldmodel)
+                       lifetime = (cl.worldmodel->normalmaxs[2] - minz) / max(1, dir[2]);
+       }
 
-       count *= cl_particles_quality.value;
+       count = (int)(count * cl_particles_quality.value);
 
        switch(type)
        {
        case 0:
+               if (!cl_particles_rain.integer) break;
                count *= 4; // ick, this should be in the mod or maps?
 
                while(count--)
                {
                        k = particlepalette[colorbase + (rand()&3)];
                        if (gamemode == GAME_GOODVSBAD2)
-                               particle(particletype + pt_rain, k, k, tex_particle, 20, lhrandom(8, 16), 0, 0, -1, lhrandom(mins[0], maxs[0]), lhrandom(mins[1], maxs[1]), lhrandom(minz, maxz), dir[0], dir[1], dir[2], 0, 0, 0);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_rain, k, k, tex_particle, 20, 0, lhrandom(32, 64), 0, 0, -1, lhrandom(mins[0], maxs[0]), lhrandom(mins[1], maxs[1]), lhrandom(minz, maxz), dir[0], dir[1], dir[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, true, lifetime, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_SPARK, -1, -1, -1);
                        else
-                               particle(particletype + pt_rain, k, k, tex_particle, 0.5, lhrandom(8, 16), 0, 0, -1, lhrandom(mins[0], maxs[0]), lhrandom(mins[1], maxs[1]), lhrandom(minz, maxz), dir[0], dir[1], dir[2], 0, 0, 0);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_rain, k, k, tex_particle, 0.5, 0, lhrandom(32, 64), 0, 0, -1, lhrandom(mins[0], maxs[0]), lhrandom(mins[1], maxs[1]), lhrandom(minz, maxz), dir[0], dir[1], dir[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, true, lifetime, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_SPARK, -1, -1, -1);
                }
                break;
        case 1:
+               if (!cl_particles_snow.integer) break;
                while(count--)
                {
                        k = particlepalette[colorbase + (rand()&3)];
                        if (gamemode == GAME_GOODVSBAD2)
-                               p = particle(particletype + pt_snow, k, k, tex_particle, 20, lhrandom(64, 128), 0, 0, -1, lhrandom(mins[0], maxs[0]), lhrandom(mins[1], maxs[1]), lhrandom(minz, maxz), dir[0], dir[1], dir[2], 0, 0, 0);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_snow, k, k, tex_particle, 20, 0, lhrandom(64, 128), 0, 0, -1, lhrandom(mins[0], maxs[0]), lhrandom(mins[1], maxs[1]), lhrandom(minz, maxz), dir[0], dir[1], dir[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, true, lifetime, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                        else
-                               p = particle(particletype + pt_snow, k, k, tex_particle, 1, lhrandom(64, 128), 0, 0, -1, lhrandom(mins[0], maxs[0]), lhrandom(mins[1], maxs[1]), lhrandom(minz, maxz), dir[0], dir[1], dir[2], 0, 0, 0);
-                       if (p)
-                               VectorCopy(p->vel, p->relativedirection);
+                               CL_NewParticle(pt_snow, k, k, tex_particle, 1, 0, lhrandom(64, 128), 0, 0, -1, lhrandom(mins[0], maxs[0]), lhrandom(mins[1], maxs[1]), lhrandom(minz, maxz), dir[0], dir[1], dir[2], 0, 0, 0, 0, true, lifetime, 1, PBLEND_ADD, PARTICLE_BILLBOARD, -1, -1, -1);
                }
                break;
        default:
@@ -1383,240 +1672,10 @@ void CL_ParticleRain (const vec3_t mins, const vec3_t maxs, const vec3_t dir, in
        }
 }
 
-/*
-===============
-CL_MoveParticles
-===============
-*/
-void CL_MoveParticles (void)
-{
-       particle_t *p;
-       int i, maxparticle, j, a, content;
-       float gravity, dvel, bloodwaterfade, frametime, f, dist, org[3], oldorg[3];
-       int hitent;
-       trace_t trace;
-
-       // LordHavoc: early out condition
-       if (!cl.num_particles)
-       {
-               cl.free_particle = 0;
-               return;
-       }
-
-       frametime = cl.time - cl.oldtime;
-       gravity = frametime * sv_gravity.value;
-       dvel = 1+4*frametime;
-       bloodwaterfade = max(cl_particles_blood_alpha.value, 0.01f) * frametime * 128.0f;
-
-       maxparticle = -1;
-       j = 0;
-       for (i = 0, p = cl.particles;i < cl.num_particles;i++, p++)
-       {
-               if (!p->type)
-                       continue;
-               maxparticle = i;
-               content = 0;
-
-               p->alpha -= p->alphafade * frametime;
-
-               if (p->alpha <= 0)
-               {
-                       p->type = NULL;
-                       continue;
-               }
-
-               if (p->type->orientation != PARTICLE_BEAM)
-               {
-                       VectorCopy(p->org, oldorg);
-                       VectorMA(p->org, frametime, p->vel, p->org);
-                       VectorCopy(p->org, org);
-                       if (p->bounce)
-                       {
-                               trace = CL_TraceBox(oldorg, vec3_origin, vec3_origin, p->org, true, &hitent, SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID | SUPERCONTENTS_BODY | (p->type == particletype + pt_rain ? SUPERCONTENTS_LIQUIDSMASK : 0), false);
-                               // if the trace started in or hit something of SUPERCONTENTS_NODROP
-                               // or if the trace hit something flagged as NOIMPACT
-                               // then remove the particle
-                               if (trace.hitq3surfaceflags & Q3SURFACEFLAG_NOIMPACT || ((trace.startsupercontents | trace.hitsupercontents) & SUPERCONTENTS_NODROP))
-                               {
-                                       p->type = NULL;
-                                       continue;
-                               }
-                               // react if the particle hit something
-                               if (trace.fraction < 1)
-                               {
-                                       VectorCopy(trace.endpos, p->org);
-                                       if (p->type == particletype + pt_rain)
-                                       {
-                                               // raindrop - splash on solid/water/slime/lava
-                                               int count;
-                                               // convert from a raindrop particle to a rainsplash decal
-                                               VectorCopy(trace.plane.normal, p->vel);
-                                               VectorAdd(p->org, p->vel, p->org);
-                                               p->type = particletype + pt_raindecal;
-                                               p->texnum = tex_rainsplash[0];
-                                               p->time2 = cl.time;
-                                               p->alphafade = p->alpha / 0.4;
-                                               p->bounce = 0;
-                                               p->friction = 0;
-                                               p->gravity = 0;
-                                               p->size = 8.0;
-                                               count = rand() & 3;
-                                               while(count--)
-                                                       particle(particletype + pt_spark, 0x000000, 0x707070, tex_particle, 0.25f, lhrandom(64, 255), 512, 1, 0, p->org[0], p->org[1], p->org[2], p->vel[0]*16, p->vel[1]*16, 32 + p->vel[2]*16, 0, 0, 32);
-                                       }
-                                       else if (p->type == particletype + pt_blood)
-                                       {
-                                               // blood - splash on solid
-                                               if (trace.hitq3surfaceflags & Q3SURFACEFLAG_NOMARKS)
-                                               {
-                                                       p->type = NULL;
-                                                       continue;
-                                               }
-                                               if (!cl_decals.integer)
-                                               {
-                                                       p->type = NULL;
-                                                       continue;
-                                               }
-                                               // convert from a blood particle to a blood decal
-                                               VectorCopy(trace.plane.normal, p->vel);
-                                               VectorAdd(p->org, p->vel, p->org);
-                                               if (cl_stainmaps.integer)
-                                                       R_Stain(p->org, 32, 32, 16, 16, p->alpha * p->size * (1.0f / 40.0f), 192, 48, 48, p->alpha * p->size * (1.0f / 40.0f));
-
-                                               p->type = particletype + pt_decal;
-                                               p->texnum = tex_blooddecal[rand()&7];
-                                               p->owner = hitent;
-                                               p->ownermodel = cl.entities[hitent].render.model;
-                                               Matrix4x4_Transform(&cl.entities[hitent].render.inversematrix, p->org, p->relativeorigin);
-                                               Matrix4x4_Transform3x3(&cl.entities[hitent].render.inversematrix, p->vel, p->relativedirection);
-                                               p->time2 = cl.time;
-                                               p->alphafade = 0;
-                                               p->bounce = 0;
-                                               p->friction = 0;
-                                               p->gravity = 0;
-                                               p->size *= 2.0f;
-                                       }
-                                       else if (p->bounce < 0)
-                                       {
-                                               // bounce -1 means remove on impact
-                                               p->type = NULL;
-                                               continue;
-                                       }
-                                       else
-                                       {
-                                               // anything else - bounce off solid
-                                               dist = DotProduct(p->vel, trace.plane.normal) * -p->bounce;
-                                               VectorMA(p->vel, dist, trace.plane.normal, p->vel);
-                                               if (DotProduct(p->vel, p->vel) < 0.03)
-                                                       VectorClear(p->vel);
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-                       p->vel[2] -= p->gravity * gravity;
-
-                       if (p->friction)
-                       {
-                               f = p->friction * frametime;
-                               if (CL_PointSuperContents(p->org) & SUPERCONTENTS_LIQUIDSMASK)
-                                       f *= 4;
-                               f = 1.0f - f;
-                               VectorScale(p->vel, f, p->vel);
-                       }
-               }
-
-               if (p->type != particletype + pt_static)
-               {
-                       switch (p->type - particletype)
-                       {
-                       case pt_entityparticle:
-                               // particle that removes itself after one rendered frame
-                               if (p->time2)
-                                       p->type = NULL;
-                               else
-                                       p->time2 = 1;
-                               break;
-                       case pt_blood:
-                               a = CL_PointSuperContents(p->org);
-                               if (a & (SUPERCONTENTS_WATER | SUPERCONTENTS_SLIME))
-                               {
-                                       p->size += frametime * 8;
-                                       //p->alpha -= bloodwaterfade;
-                               }
-                               else
-                                       p->vel[2] -= gravity;
-                               if (a & (SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID | SUPERCONTENTS_LAVA | SUPERCONTENTS_NODROP))
-                                       p->type = NULL;
-                               break;
-                       case pt_bubble:
-                               a = CL_PointSuperContents(p->org);
-                               if (!(a & (SUPERCONTENTS_WATER | SUPERCONTENTS_SLIME)))
-                               {
-                                       p->type = NULL;
-                                       break;
-                               }
-                               break;
-                       case pt_rain:
-                               a = CL_PointSuperContents(p->org);
-                               if (a & (SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID | SUPERCONTENTS_BODY | SUPERCONTENTS_LIQUIDSMASK))
-                                       p->type = NULL;
-                               break;
-                       case pt_snow:
-                               if (cl.time > p->time2)
-                               {
-                                       // snow flutter
-                                       p->time2 = cl.time + (rand() & 3) * 0.1;
-                                       p->vel[0] = p->relativedirection[0] + lhrandom(-32, 32);
-                                       p->vel[1] = p->relativedirection[1] + lhrandom(-32, 32);
-                                       //p->vel[2] = p->relativedirection[2] + lhrandom(-32, 32);
-                               }
-                               a = CL_PointSuperContents(p->org);
-                               if (a & (SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID | SUPERCONTENTS_BODY | SUPERCONTENTS_LIQUIDSMASK))
-                                       p->type = NULL;
-                               break;
-                       case pt_smoke:
-                               //p->size += frametime * 15;
-                               break;
-                       case pt_decal:
-                               // FIXME: this has fairly wacky handling of alpha
-                               p->alphafade = cl.time > (p->time2 + cl_decals_time.value) ? (255 / cl_decals_fadetime.value) : 0;
-                               if (cl.entities[p->owner].render.model == p->ownermodel)
-                               {
-                                       Matrix4x4_Transform(&cl.entities[p->owner].render.matrix, p->relativeorigin, p->org);
-                                       Matrix4x4_Transform3x3(&cl.entities[p->owner].render.matrix, p->relativedirection, p->vel);
-                               }
-                               else
-                                       p->type = NULL;
-                               break;
-                       case pt_raindecal:
-                               a = max(0, (cl.time - p->time2) * 40);
-                               if (a < 16)
-                                       p->texnum = tex_rainsplash[a];
-                               else
-                                       p->type = NULL;
-                               break;
-                       default:
-                               break;
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-       cl.num_particles = maxparticle + 1;
-       cl.free_particle = 0;
-}
-
-#define MAX_PARTICLETEXTURES 64
-// particletexture_t is a rectangle in the particlefonttexture
-typedef struct particletexture_s
-{
-       rtexture_t *texture;
-       float s1, t1, s2, t2;
-}
-particletexture_t;
-
-static rtexturepool_t *particletexturepool;
-static rtexture_t *particlefonttexture;
-static particletexture_t particletexture[MAX_PARTICLETEXTURES];
-
 static cvar_t r_drawparticles = {0, "r_drawparticles", "1", "enables drawing of particles"};
+static cvar_t r_drawparticles_drawdistance = {CVAR_SAVE, "r_drawparticles_drawdistance", "2000", "particles further than drawdistance*size will not be drawn"};
+static cvar_t r_drawdecals = {0, "r_drawdecals", "1", "enables drawing of decals"};
+static cvar_t r_drawdecals_drawdistance = {CVAR_SAVE, "r_drawdecals_drawdistance", "500", "decals further than drawdistance*size will not be drawn"};
 
 #define PARTICLETEXTURESIZE 64
 #define PARTICLEFONTSIZE (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*8)
@@ -1654,15 +1713,21 @@ static unsigned char shadebubble(float dx, float dy, vec3_t light)
                return 0;
 }
 
+int particlefontwidth, particlefontheight, particlefontcellwidth, particlefontcellheight, particlefontrows, particlefontcols;
+void CL_Particle_PixelCoordsForTexnum(int texnum, int *basex, int *basey, int *width, int *height)
+{
+       *basex = (texnum % particlefontcols) * particlefontcellwidth;
+       *basey = ((texnum / particlefontcols) % particlefontrows) * particlefontcellheight;
+       *width = particlefontcellwidth;
+       *height = particlefontcellheight;
+}
+
 static void setuptex(int texnum, unsigned char *data, unsigned char *particletexturedata)
 {
-       int basex, basey, y;
-       basex = ((texnum >> 0) & 7) * PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;
-       basey = ((texnum >> 3) & 7) * PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;
-       particletexture[texnum].s1 = (basex + 1) / (float)PARTICLEFONTSIZE;
-       particletexture[texnum].t1 = (basey + 1) / (float)PARTICLEFONTSIZE;
-       particletexture[texnum].s2 = (basex + PARTICLETEXTURESIZE - 1) / (float)PARTICLEFONTSIZE;
-       particletexture[texnum].t2 = (basey + PARTICLETEXTURESIZE - 1) / (float)PARTICLEFONTSIZE;
+       int basex, basey, w, h, y;
+       CL_Particle_PixelCoordsForTexnum(texnum, &basex, &basey, &w, &h);
+       if(w != PARTICLETEXTURESIZE || h != PARTICLETEXTURESIZE)
+               Sys_Error("invalid particle texture size for autogenerating");
        for (y = 0;y < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;y++)
                memcpy(particletexturedata + ((basey + y) * PARTICLEFONTSIZE + basex) * 4, data + y * PARTICLETEXTURESIZE * 4, PARTICLETEXTURESIZE * 4);
 }
@@ -1685,10 +1750,12 @@ void particletextureblotch(unsigned char *data, float radius, float red, float g
                        f = (1.0f - sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy) * iradius) * alpha;
                        if (f > 0)
                        {
+                               if (f > 1)
+                                       f = 1;
                                d = data + (y * PARTICLETEXTURESIZE + x) * 4;
-                               d[0] += f * (red   - d[0]);
-                               d[1] += f * (green - d[1]);
-                               d[2] += f * (blue  - d[2]);
+                               d[0] += (int)(f * (blue  - d[0]));
+                               d[1] += (int)(f * (green - d[1]));
+                               d[2] += (int)(f * (red   - d[2]));
                        }
                }
        }
@@ -1699,9 +1766,9 @@ void particletextureclamp(unsigned char *data, int minr, int ming, int minb, int
        int i;
        for (i = 0;i < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;i++, data += 4)
        {
-               data[0] = bound(minr, data[0], maxr);
+               data[0] = bound(minb, data[0], maxb);
                data[1] = bound(ming, data[1], maxg);
-               data[2] = bound(minb, data[2], maxb);
+               data[2] = bound(minr, data[2], maxr);
        }
 }
 
@@ -1740,7 +1807,7 @@ static void R_InitBloodTextures (unsigned char *particletexturedata)
                m = 8;
                for (j = 1;j < 10;j++)
                        for (k = min(j, m - 1);k < m;k++)
-                               particletextureblotch(&data[0][0][0], (float)j*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE/64.0f, 96, 0, 0, 192 - j * 8);
+                               particletextureblotch(&data[0][0][0], (float)j*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE/64.0f, 96, 0, 0, 320 - j * 8);
                //particletextureclamp(&data[0][0][0], 32, 32, 32, 255, 255, 255);
                particletextureinvert(&data[0][0][0]);
                setuptex(tex_blooddecal[i], &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
@@ -1748,13 +1815,17 @@ static void R_InitBloodTextures (unsigned char *particletexturedata)
 
 }
 
+//uncomment this to make engine save out particle font to a tga file when run
+//#define DUMPPARTICLEFONT
+
 static void R_InitParticleTexture (void)
 {
        int x, y, d, i, k, m;
-       float dx, dy, radius, f, f2;
-       unsigned char data[PARTICLETEXTURESIZE][PARTICLETEXTURESIZE][4], noise3[64][64], data2[64][16][4];
+       int basex, basey, w, h;
+       float dx, dy, f;
        vec3_t light;
-       unsigned char *particletexturedata;
+       char *buf;
+       fs_offset_t filesize;
 
        // a note: decals need to modulate (multiply) the background color to
        // properly darken it (stain), and they need to be able to alpha fade,
@@ -1765,170 +1836,258 @@ static void R_InitParticleTexture (void)
        // and white on black background) so we can alpha fade it to black, then
        // we invert it again during the blendfunc to make it work...
 
-       particletexturedata = (unsigned char *)Mem_Alloc(tempmempool, PARTICLEFONTSIZE*PARTICLEFONTSIZE*4);
-       memset(particletexturedata, 255, PARTICLEFONTSIZE*PARTICLEFONTSIZE*4);
-
-       // smoke
-       for (i = 0;i < 8;i++)
+#ifndef DUMPPARTICLEFONT
+       decalskinframe = R_SkinFrame_LoadExternal("particles/particlefont.tga", TEXF_ALPHA | TEXF_PRECACHE | TEXF_FORCELINEAR, false);
+       if (decalskinframe)
        {
-               memset(&data[0][0][0], 255, sizeof(data));
-               do
-               {
-                       unsigned char noise1[PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*2][PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*2], noise2[PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*2][PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*2];
+               particlefonttexture = decalskinframe->base;
+               // TODO maybe allow custom grid size?
+               particlefontwidth = image_width;
+               particlefontheight = image_height;
+               particlefontcellwidth = image_width / 8;
+               particlefontcellheight = image_height / 8;
+               particlefontcols = 8;
+               particlefontrows = 8;
+       }
+       else
+#endif
+       {
+               unsigned char *particletexturedata = (unsigned char *)Mem_Alloc(tempmempool, PARTICLEFONTSIZE*PARTICLEFONTSIZE*4);
+               unsigned char data[PARTICLETEXTURESIZE][PARTICLETEXTURESIZE][4];
+
+               particlefontwidth = particlefontheight = PARTICLEFONTSIZE;
+               particlefontcellwidth = particlefontcellheight = PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;
+               particlefontcols = 8;
+               particlefontrows = 8;
 
-                       fractalnoise(&noise1[0][0], PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*2, PARTICLETEXTURESIZE/8);
-                       fractalnoise(&noise2[0][0], PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*2, PARTICLETEXTURESIZE/4);
-                       m = 0;
-                       for (y = 0;y < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;y++)
+               memset(particletexturedata, 255, PARTICLEFONTSIZE*PARTICLEFONTSIZE*4);
+
+               // smoke
+               for (i = 0;i < 8;i++)
+               {
+                       memset(&data[0][0][0], 255, sizeof(data));
+                       do
                        {
-                               dy = (y - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
-                               for (x = 0;x < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;x++)
+                               unsigned char noise1[PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*2][PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*2], noise2[PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*2][PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*2];
+
+                               fractalnoise(&noise1[0][0], PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*2, PARTICLETEXTURESIZE/8);
+                               fractalnoise(&noise2[0][0], PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*2, PARTICLETEXTURESIZE/4);
+                               m = 0;
+                               for (y = 0;y < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;y++)
                                {
-                                       dx = (x - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
-                                       d = (noise2[y][x] - 128) * 3 + 192;
-                                       if (d > 0)
-                                               d = d * (1-(dx*dx+dy*dy));
-                                       d = (d * noise1[y][x]) >> 7;
-                                       d = bound(0, d, 255);
-                                       data[y][x][3] = (unsigned char) d;
-                                       if (m < d)
-                                               m = d;
+                                       dy = (y - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
+                                       for (x = 0;x < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;x++)
+                                       {
+                                               dx = (x - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
+                                               d = (noise2[y][x] - 128) * 3 + 192;
+                                               if (d > 0)
+                                                       d = (int)(d * (1-(dx*dx+dy*dy)));
+                                               d = (d * noise1[y][x]) >> 7;
+                                               d = bound(0, d, 255);
+                                               data[y][x][3] = (unsigned char) d;
+                                               if (m < d)
+                                                       m = d;
+                                       }
                                }
                        }
+                       while (m < 224);
+                       setuptex(tex_smoke[i], &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
                }
-               while (m < 224);
-               setuptex(tex_smoke[i], &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
-       }
 
-       // rain splash
-       for (i = 0;i < 16;i++)
-       {
+               // rain splash
                memset(&data[0][0][0], 255, sizeof(data));
-               radius = i * 3.0f / 4.0f / 16.0f;
-               f2 = 255.0f * ((15.0f - i) / 15.0f);
                for (y = 0;y < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;y++)
                {
                        dy = (y - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
                        for (x = 0;x < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;x++)
                        {
                                dx = (x - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
-                               f = f2 * (1.0 - 4.0f * fabs(radius - sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy)));
+                               f = 255.0f * (1.0 - 4.0f * fabs(10.0f - sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy)));
                                data[y][x][3] = (int) (bound(0.0f, f, 255.0f));
                        }
                }
-               setuptex(tex_rainsplash[i], &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
-       }
+               setuptex(tex_rainsplash, &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
 
-       // normal particle
-       memset(&data[0][0][0], 255, sizeof(data));
-       for (y = 0;y < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;y++)
-       {
-               dy = (y - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
-               for (x = 0;x < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;x++)
+               // normal particle
+               memset(&data[0][0][0], 255, sizeof(data));
+               for (y = 0;y < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;y++)
                {
-                       dx = (x - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
-                       d = 256 * (1 - (dx*dx+dy*dy));
-                       d = bound(0, d, 255);
-                       data[y][x][3] = (unsigned char) d;
+                       dy = (y - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
+                       for (x = 0;x < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;x++)
+                       {
+                               dx = (x - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
+                               d = (int)(256 * (1 - (dx*dx+dy*dy)));
+                               d = bound(0, d, 255);
+                               data[y][x][3] = (unsigned char) d;
+                       }
                }
-       }
-       setuptex(tex_particle, &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
+               setuptex(tex_particle, &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
 
-       // rain
-       memset(&data[0][0][0], 255, sizeof(data));
-       light[0] = 1;light[1] = 1;light[2] = 1;
-       VectorNormalize(light);
-       for (y = 0;y < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;y++)
-       {
-               dy = (y - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
-               // stretch upper half of bubble by +50% and shrink lower half by -50%
-               // (this gives an elongated teardrop shape)
-               if (dy > 0.5f)
-                       dy = (dy - 0.5f) * 2.0f;
-               else
-                       dy = (dy - 0.5f) / 1.5f;
-               for (x = 0;x < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;x++)
+               // rain
+               memset(&data[0][0][0], 255, sizeof(data));
+               light[0] = 1;light[1] = 1;light[2] = 1;
+               VectorNormalize(light);
+               for (y = 0;y < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;y++)
                {
-                       dx = (x - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
-                       // shrink bubble width to half
-                       dx *= 2.0f;
-                       data[y][x][3] = shadebubble(dx, dy, light);
+                       dy = (y - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
+                       // stretch upper half of bubble by +50% and shrink lower half by -50%
+                       // (this gives an elongated teardrop shape)
+                       if (dy > 0.5f)
+                               dy = (dy - 0.5f) * 2.0f;
+                       else
+                               dy = (dy - 0.5f) / 1.5f;
+                       for (x = 0;x < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;x++)
+                       {
+                               dx = (x - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
+                               // shrink bubble width to half
+                               dx *= 2.0f;
+                               data[y][x][3] = shadebubble(dx, dy, light);
+                       }
                }
-       }
-       setuptex(tex_raindrop, &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
+               setuptex(tex_raindrop, &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
 
-       // bubble
-       memset(&data[0][0][0], 255, sizeof(data));
-       light[0] = 1;light[1] = 1;light[2] = 1;
-       VectorNormalize(light);
-       for (y = 0;y < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;y++)
-       {
-               dy = (y - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
-               for (x = 0;x < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;x++)
+               // bubble
+               memset(&data[0][0][0], 255, sizeof(data));
+               light[0] = 1;light[1] = 1;light[2] = 1;
+               VectorNormalize(light);
+               for (y = 0;y < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;y++)
                {
-                       dx = (x - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
-                       data[y][x][3] = shadebubble(dx, dy, light);
+                       dy = (y - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
+                       for (x = 0;x < PARTICLETEXTURESIZE;x++)
+                       {
+                               dx = (x - 0.5f*PARTICLETEXTURESIZE) / (PARTICLETEXTURESIZE*0.5f-1);
+                               data[y][x][3] = shadebubble(dx, dy, light);
+                       }
                }
-       }
-       setuptex(tex_bubble, &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
+               setuptex(tex_bubble, &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
 
-       // Blood particles and blood decals
-       R_InitBloodTextures (particletexturedata);
+               // Blood particles and blood decals
+               R_InitBloodTextures (particletexturedata);
 
-       // bullet decals
-       for (i = 0;i < 8;i++)
-       {
-               memset(&data[0][0][0], 255, sizeof(data));
-               for (k = 0;k < 12;k++)
-                       particletextureblotch(&data[0][0][0], PARTICLETEXTURESIZE/16, 0, 0, 0, 128);
-               for (k = 0;k < 3;k++)
-                       particletextureblotch(&data[0][0][0], PARTICLETEXTURESIZE/2, 0, 0, 0, 160);
-               //particletextureclamp(&data[0][0][0], 64, 64, 64, 255, 255, 255);
-               particletextureinvert(&data[0][0][0]);
-               setuptex(tex_bulletdecal[i], &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
-       }
+               // bullet decals
+               for (i = 0;i < 8;i++)
+               {
+                       memset(&data[0][0][0], 255, sizeof(data));
+                       for (k = 0;k < 12;k++)
+                               particletextureblotch(&data[0][0][0], PARTICLETEXTURESIZE/16, 0, 0, 0, 128);
+                       for (k = 0;k < 3;k++)
+                               particletextureblotch(&data[0][0][0], PARTICLETEXTURESIZE/2, 0, 0, 0, 160);
+                       //particletextureclamp(&data[0][0][0], 64, 64, 64, 255, 255, 255);
+                       particletextureinvert(&data[0][0][0]);
+                       setuptex(tex_bulletdecal[i], &data[0][0][0], particletexturedata);
+               }
 
-#if 0
-       Image_WriteTGARGBA ("particles/particlefont.tga", PARTICLEFONTSIZE, PARTICLEFONTSIZE, particletexturedata);
+#ifdef DUMPPARTICLEFONT
+               Image_WriteTGABGRA ("particles/particlefont.tga", PARTICLEFONTSIZE, PARTICLEFONTSIZE, particletexturedata);
 #endif
 
-       particlefonttexture = loadtextureimage(particletexturepool, "particles/particlefont.tga", 0, 0, false, TEXF_ALPHA | TEXF_PRECACHE);
-       if (!particlefonttexture)
-               particlefonttexture = R_LoadTexture2D(particletexturepool, "particlefont", PARTICLEFONTSIZE, PARTICLEFONTSIZE, particletexturedata, TEXTYPE_RGBA, TEXF_ALPHA | TEXF_PRECACHE, NULL);
+               decalskinframe = R_SkinFrame_LoadInternalBGRA("particlefont", TEXF_ALPHA | TEXF_PRECACHE | TEXF_FORCELINEAR, particletexturedata, PARTICLEFONTSIZE, PARTICLEFONTSIZE);
+               particlefonttexture = decalskinframe->base;
+
+               Mem_Free(particletexturedata);
+       }
        for (i = 0;i < MAX_PARTICLETEXTURES;i++)
+       {
+               CL_Particle_PixelCoordsForTexnum(i, &basex, &basey, &w, &h);
                particletexture[i].texture = particlefonttexture;
+               particletexture[i].s1 = (basex + 1) / (float)particlefontwidth;
+               particletexture[i].t1 = (basey + 1) / (float)particlefontheight;
+               particletexture[i].s2 = (basex + w - 1) / (float)particlefontwidth;
+               particletexture[i].t2 = (basey + h - 1) / (float)particlefontheight;
+       }
 
-       // nexbeam
-       fractalnoise(&noise3[0][0], 64, 4);
-       m = 0;
-       for (y = 0;y < 64;y++)
+#ifndef DUMPPARTICLEFONT
+       particletexture[tex_beam].texture = loadtextureimage(particletexturepool, "particles/nexbeam.tga", false, TEXF_ALPHA | TEXF_PRECACHE | TEXF_FORCELINEAR, true);
+       if (!particletexture[tex_beam].texture)
+#endif
        {
-               dy = (y - 0.5f*64) / (64*0.5f-1);
-               for (x = 0;x < 16;x++)
+               unsigned char noise3[64][64], data2[64][16][4];
+               // nexbeam
+               fractalnoise(&noise3[0][0], 64, 4);
+               m = 0;
+               for (y = 0;y < 64;y++)
                {
-                       dx = (x - 0.5f*16) / (16*0.5f-2);
-                       d = (1 - sqrt(fabs(dx))) * noise3[y][x];
-                       data2[y][x][0] = data2[y][x][1] = data2[y][x][2] = (unsigned char) bound(0, d, 255);
-                       data2[y][x][3] = 255;
+                       dy = (y - 0.5f*64) / (64*0.5f-1);
+                       for (x = 0;x < 16;x++)
+                       {
+                               dx = (x - 0.5f*16) / (16*0.5f-2);
+                               d = (int)((1 - sqrt(fabs(dx))) * noise3[y][x]);
+                               data2[y][x][0] = data2[y][x][1] = data2[y][x][2] = (unsigned char) bound(0, d, 255);
+                               data2[y][x][3] = 255;
+                       }
                }
-       }
 
-#if 0
-       Image_WriteTGARGBA ("particles/nexbeam.tga", 64, 64, &data2[0][0][0]);
+#ifdef DUMPPARTICLEFONT
+               Image_WriteTGABGRA ("particles/nexbeam.tga", 64, 64, &data2[0][0][0]);
 #endif
-
-       particletexture[tex_beam].texture = loadtextureimage(particletexturepool, "particles/nexbeam.tga", 0, 0, false, TEXF_ALPHA | TEXF_PRECACHE);
-       if (!particletexture[tex_beam].texture)
-               particletexture[tex_beam].texture = R_LoadTexture2D(particletexturepool, "nexbeam", 16, 64, &data2[0][0][0], TEXTYPE_RGBA, TEXF_PRECACHE, NULL);
+               particletexture[tex_beam].texture = R_LoadTexture2D(particletexturepool, "nexbeam", 16, 64, &data2[0][0][0], TEXTYPE_BGRA, TEXF_ALPHA | TEXF_PRECACHE | TEXF_FORCELINEAR, NULL);
+       }
        particletexture[tex_beam].s1 = 0;
        particletexture[tex_beam].t1 = 0;
        particletexture[tex_beam].s2 = 1;
        particletexture[tex_beam].t2 = 1;
-       Mem_Free(particletexturedata);
+
+       // now load an texcoord/texture override file
+       buf = (char *) FS_LoadFile("particles/particlefont.txt", tempmempool, false, &filesize);
+       if(buf)
+       {
+               const char *bufptr;
+               bufptr = buf;
+               for(;;)
+               {
+                       if(!COM_ParseToken_Simple(&bufptr, true, false))
+                               break;
+                       if(!strcmp(com_token, "\n"))
+                               continue; // empty line
+                       i = atoi(com_token) % MAX_PARTICLETEXTURES;
+                       particletexture[i].texture = particlefonttexture;
+
+                       if (!COM_ParseToken_Simple(&bufptr, true, false))
+                               break;
+                       if (!strcmp(com_token, "\n"))
+                       {
+                               Con_Printf("particlefont file: syntax should be texnum texturename or texnum x y w h\n");
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       particletexture[i].s1 = atof(com_token);
+
+                       if (!COM_ParseToken_Simple(&bufptr, true, false))
+                               break;
+                       if (!strcmp(com_token, "\n"))
+                       {
+                               Con_Printf("particlefont file: syntax should be texnum texturename or texnum x y w h\n");
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       particletexture[i].t1 = atof(com_token);
+
+                       if (!COM_ParseToken_Simple(&bufptr, true, false))
+                               break;
+                       if (!strcmp(com_token, "\n"))
+                       {
+                               Con_Printf("particlefont file: syntax should be texnum texturename or texnum x y w h\n");
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       particletexture[i].s2 = atof(com_token);
+
+                       if (!COM_ParseToken_Simple(&bufptr, true, false))
+                               break;
+                       if (!strcmp(com_token, "\n"))
+                       {
+                               Con_Printf("particlefont file: syntax should be texnum texturename or texnum x y w h\n");
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       particletexture[i].t2 = atof(com_token);
+               }
+               Mem_Free(buf);
+       }
 }
 
 static void r_part_start(void)
 {
+       int i;
+       // generate particlepalette for convenience from the main one
+       for (i = 0;i < 256;i++)
+               particlepalette[i] = palette_rgb[i][0] * 65536 + palette_rgb[i][1] * 256 + palette_rgb[i][2];
        particletexturepool = R_AllocTexturePool();
        R_InitParticleTexture ();
        CL_Particles_LoadEffectInfo();
@@ -1941,179 +2100,620 @@ static void r_part_shutdown(void)
 
 static void r_part_newmap(void)
 {
+       if (decalskinframe)
+               R_SkinFrame_MarkUsed(decalskinframe);
+       CL_Particles_LoadEffectInfo();
 }
 
+#define BATCHSIZE 256
+unsigned short particle_elements[BATCHSIZE*6];
+
 void R_Particles_Init (void)
 {
+       int i;
+       for (i = 0;i < BATCHSIZE;i++)
+       {
+               particle_elements[i*6+0] = i*4+0;
+               particle_elements[i*6+1] = i*4+1;
+               particle_elements[i*6+2] = i*4+2;
+               particle_elements[i*6+3] = i*4+0;
+               particle_elements[i*6+4] = i*4+2;
+               particle_elements[i*6+5] = i*4+3;
+       }
+
        Cvar_RegisterVariable(&r_drawparticles);
+       Cvar_RegisterVariable(&r_drawparticles_drawdistance);
+       Cvar_RegisterVariable(&r_drawdecals);
+       Cvar_RegisterVariable(&r_drawdecals_drawdistance);
        R_RegisterModule("R_Particles", r_part_start, r_part_shutdown, r_part_newmap);
 }
 
-float particle_vertex3f[12], particle_texcoord2f[8];
-
-void R_DrawParticle_TransparentCallback(const entity_render_t *ent, int surfacenumber, const rtlight_t *rtlight)
+void R_DrawDecal_TransparentCallback(const entity_render_t *ent, const rtlight_t *rtlight, int numsurfaces, int *surfacelist)
 {
-       const particle_t *p = cl.particles + surfacenumber;
-       rmeshstate_t m;
-       pblend_t blendmode;
-       float org[3], up2[3], v[3], right[3], up[3], fog, ifog, cr, cg, cb, ca, size;
+       int surfacelistindex;
+       const decal_t *d;
+       float *v3f, *t2f, *c4f;
        particletexture_t *tex;
+       float right[3], up[3], size, ca;
+       float alphascale = (1.0f / 65536.0f) * cl_particles_alpha.value * r_refdef.view.colorscale;
+       float particle_vertex3f[BATCHSIZE*12], particle_texcoord2f[BATCHSIZE*8], particle_color4f[BATCHSIZE*16];
+
+       RSurf_ActiveWorldEntity();
+
+       r_refdef.stats.decals += numsurfaces;
+       R_Mesh_ResetTextureState();
+       R_Mesh_VertexPointer(particle_vertex3f, 0, 0);
+       R_Mesh_TexCoordPointer(0, 2, particle_texcoord2f, 0, 0);
+       R_Mesh_ColorPointer(particle_color4f, 0, 0);
+       R_SetupGenericShader(true);
+       GL_DepthMask(false);
+       GL_DepthRange(0, 1);
+       GL_PolygonOffset(0, 0);
+       GL_DepthTest(true);
+       GL_CullFace(GL_NONE);
+
+       // generate all the vertices at once
+       for (surfacelistindex = 0;surfacelistindex < numsurfaces;surfacelistindex++)
+       {
+               d = cl.decals + surfacelist[surfacelistindex];
+
+               // calculate color
+               c4f = particle_color4f + 16*surfacelistindex;
+               ca = d->alpha * alphascale;
+               if (r_refdef.fogenabled)
+                       ca *= RSurf_FogVertex(d->org);
+               Vector4Set(c4f, d->color[0] * ca, d->color[1] * ca, d->color[2] * ca, 1);
+               Vector4Copy(c4f, c4f + 4);
+               Vector4Copy(c4f, c4f + 8);
+               Vector4Copy(c4f, c4f + 12);
+
+               // calculate vertex positions
+               size = d->size * cl_particles_size.value;
+               VectorVectors(d->normal, right, up);
+               VectorScale(right, size, right);
+               VectorScale(up, size, up);
+               v3f = particle_vertex3f + 12*surfacelistindex;
+               v3f[ 0] = d->org[0] - right[0] - up[0];
+               v3f[ 1] = d->org[1] - right[1] - up[1];
+               v3f[ 2] = d->org[2] - right[2] - up[2];
+               v3f[ 3] = d->org[0] - right[0] + up[0];
+               v3f[ 4] = d->org[1] - right[1] + up[1];
+               v3f[ 5] = d->org[2] - right[2] + up[2];
+               v3f[ 6] = d->org[0] + right[0] + up[0];
+               v3f[ 7] = d->org[1] + right[1] + up[1];
+               v3f[ 8] = d->org[2] + right[2] + up[2];
+               v3f[ 9] = d->org[0] + right[0] - up[0];
+               v3f[10] = d->org[1] + right[1] - up[1];
+               v3f[11] = d->org[2] + right[2] - up[2];
+
+               // calculate texcoords
+               tex = &particletexture[d->texnum];
+               t2f = particle_texcoord2f + 8*surfacelistindex;
+               t2f[0] = tex->s1;t2f[1] = tex->t2;
+               t2f[2] = tex->s1;t2f[3] = tex->t1;
+               t2f[4] = tex->s2;t2f[5] = tex->t1;
+               t2f[6] = tex->s2;t2f[7] = tex->t2;
+       }
+
+       // now render the decals all at once
+       // (this assumes they all use one particle font texture!)
+       GL_BlendFunc(GL_ZERO, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR);
+       R_Mesh_TexBind(0, R_GetTexture(particletexture[63].texture));
+       GL_LockArrays(0, numsurfaces*4);
+       R_Mesh_Draw(0, numsurfaces * 4, 0, numsurfaces * 2, NULL, particle_elements, 0, 0);
+       GL_LockArrays(0, 0);
+}
+
+void R_DrawDecals (void)
+{
+       int i;
+       int drawdecals = r_drawdecals.integer;
+       decal_t *decal;
+       float frametime;
+       float decalfade;
+       float drawdist2;
+
+       frametime = bound(0, cl.time - cl.decals_updatetime, 1);
+       cl.decals_updatetime = bound(cl.time - 1, cl.decals_updatetime + frametime, cl.time + 1);
+
+       // LordHavoc: early out conditions
+       if (!cl.num_decals)
+               return;
+
+       decalfade = frametime * 256 / cl_decals_fadetime.value;
+       drawdist2 = r_drawdecals_drawdistance.value * r_refdef.view.quality;
+       drawdist2 = drawdist2*drawdist2;
 
-       VectorCopy(p->org, org);
-
-       blendmode = p->type->blendmode;
-       tex = &particletexture[p->texnum];
-       cr = p->color[0] * (1.0f / 255.0f);
-       cg = p->color[1] * (1.0f / 255.0f);
-       cb = p->color[2] * (1.0f / 255.0f);
-       ca = p->alpha * (1.0f / 255.0f);
-       if (blendmode == PBLEND_MOD)
-       {
-               cr *= ca;
-               cg *= ca;
-               cb *= ca;
-               cr = min(cr, 1);
-               cg = min(cg, 1);
-               cb = min(cb, 1);
-               ca = 1;
-       }
-       ca /= cl_particles_quality.value;
-       if (p->type->lighting)
-       {
-               float ambient[3], diffuse[3], diffusenormal[3];
-               R_CompleteLightPoint(ambient, diffuse, diffusenormal, org, true);
-               cr *= (ambient[0] + 0.5 * diffuse[0]);
-               cg *= (ambient[1] + 0.5 * diffuse[1]);
-               cb *= (ambient[2] + 0.5 * diffuse[2]);
-       }
-       if (fogenabled)
-       {
-               fog = VERTEXFOGTABLE(VectorDistance(org, r_vieworigin));
-               ifog = 1 - fog;
-               cr = cr * ifog;
-               cg = cg * ifog;
-               cb = cb * ifog;
-               if (blendmode == PBLEND_ALPHA)
+       for (i = 0, decal = cl.decals;i < cl.num_decals;i++, decal++)
+       {
+               if (!decal->typeindex)
+                       continue;
+
+               if (cl.time > decal->time2 + cl_decals_time.value)
+               {
+                       decal->alpha -= decalfade;
+                       if (decal->alpha <= 0)
+                               goto killdecal;
+               }
+
+               if (decal->owner)
                {
-                       cr += fogcolor[0] * fog;
-                       cg += fogcolor[1] * fog;
-                       cb += fogcolor[2] * fog;
+                       if (cl.entities[decal->owner].render.model == decal->ownermodel)
+                       {
+                               Matrix4x4_Transform(&cl.entities[decal->owner].render.matrix, decal->relativeorigin, decal->org);
+                               Matrix4x4_Transform3x3(&cl.entities[decal->owner].render.matrix, decal->relativenormal, decal->normal);
+                       }
+                       else
+                               goto killdecal;
                }
+
+               if(cl_decals_visculling.integer && decal->clusterindex > -1000 && !CHECKPVSBIT(r_refdef.viewcache.world_pvsbits, decal->clusterindex))
+                       continue;
+
+               if (!drawdecals)
+                       continue;
+
+               if (DotProduct(r_refdef.view.origin, decal->normal) > DotProduct(decal->org, decal->normal) && VectorDistance2(decal->org, r_refdef.view.origin) < drawdist2 * (decal->size * decal->size))
+                       R_MeshQueue_AddTransparent(decal->org, R_DrawDecal_TransparentCallback, NULL, i, NULL);
+               continue;
+killdecal:
+               decal->typeindex = 0;
+               if (cl.free_decal > i)
+                       cl.free_decal = i;
        }
 
-       R_Mesh_Matrix(&identitymatrix);
+       // reduce cl.num_decals if possible
+       while (cl.num_decals > 0 && cl.decals[cl.num_decals - 1].typeindex == 0)
+               cl.num_decals--;
 
-       memset(&m, 0, sizeof(m));
-       m.tex[0] = R_GetTexture(tex->texture);
-       m.pointer_texcoord[0] = particle_texcoord2f;
-       m.pointer_vertex = particle_vertex3f;
-       R_Mesh_State(&m);
+       if (cl.num_decals == cl.max_decals && cl.max_decals < ABSOLUTE_MAX_DECALS)
+       {
+               decal_t *olddecals = cl.decals;
+               cl.max_decals = min(cl.max_decals * 2, ABSOLUTE_MAX_DECALS);
+               cl.decals = (decal_t *) Mem_Alloc(cls.levelmempool, cl.max_decals * sizeof(decal_t));
+               memcpy(cl.decals, olddecals, cl.num_decals * sizeof(decal_t));
+               Mem_Free(olddecals);
+       }
+}
+
+void R_DrawParticle_TransparentCallback(const entity_render_t *ent, const rtlight_t *rtlight, int numsurfaces, int *surfacelist)
+{
+       int surfacelistindex;
+       int batchstart, batchcount;
+       const particle_t *p;
+       pblend_t blendmode;
+       rtexture_t *texture;
+       float *v3f, *t2f, *c4f;
+       particletexture_t *tex;
+       float up2[3], v[3], right[3], up[3], fog, ifog, size, len, lenfactor;
+       float ambient[3], diffuse[3], diffusenormal[3];
+       vec4_t colormultiplier;
+       float particle_vertex3f[BATCHSIZE*12], particle_texcoord2f[BATCHSIZE*8], particle_color4f[BATCHSIZE*16];
 
-       GL_Color(cr, cg, cb, ca);
+       RSurf_ActiveWorldEntity();
 
-       if (blendmode == PBLEND_ALPHA)
-               GL_BlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
-       else if (blendmode == PBLEND_ADD)
-               GL_BlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE);
-       else //if (blendmode == PBLEND_MOD)
-               GL_BlendFunc(GL_ZERO, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR);
+       Vector4Set(colormultiplier, r_refdef.view.colorscale * (1.0 / 256.0f), r_refdef.view.colorscale * (1.0 / 256.0f), r_refdef.view.colorscale * (1.0 / 256.0f), cl_particles_alpha.value * (1.0 / 256.0f));
+
+       r_refdef.stats.particles += numsurfaces;
+       R_Mesh_ResetTextureState();
+       R_Mesh_VertexPointer(particle_vertex3f, 0, 0);
+       R_Mesh_TexCoordPointer(0, 2, particle_texcoord2f, 0, 0);
+       R_Mesh_ColorPointer(particle_color4f, 0, 0);
+       R_SetupGenericShader(true);
        GL_DepthMask(false);
+       GL_DepthRange(0, 1);
+       GL_PolygonOffset(0, 0);
        GL_DepthTest(true);
-       size = p->size * cl_particles_size.value;
-       if (p->type->orientation == PARTICLE_BILLBOARD || p->type->orientation == PARTICLE_ORIENTED_DOUBLESIDED)
+       GL_CullFace(GL_NONE);
+
+       // first generate all the vertices at once
+       for (surfacelistindex = 0, v3f = particle_vertex3f, t2f = particle_texcoord2f, c4f = particle_color4f;surfacelistindex < numsurfaces;surfacelistindex++, v3f += 3*4, t2f += 2*4, c4f += 4*4)
        {
-               if (p->type->orientation == PARTICLE_ORIENTED_DOUBLESIDED)
+               p = cl.particles + surfacelist[surfacelistindex];
+
+               blendmode = p->blendmode;
+
+               c4f[0] = p->color[0] * colormultiplier[0];
+               c4f[1] = p->color[1] * colormultiplier[1];
+               c4f[2] = p->color[2] * colormultiplier[2];
+               c4f[3] = p->alpha * colormultiplier[3];
+               switch (blendmode)
                {
-                       // double-sided
-                       if (DotProduct(p->vel, r_vieworigin) > DotProduct(p->vel, org))
+               case PBLEND_INVALID:
+               case PBLEND_INVMOD:
+               case PBLEND_ADD:
+                       // additive and modulate can just fade out in fog (this is correct)
+                       if (r_refdef.fogenabled)
+                               c4f[3] *= RSurf_FogVertex(p->org);
+                       // collapse alpha into color for these blends (so that the particlefont does not need alpha on most textures)
+                       c4f[0] *= c4f[3];
+                       c4f[1] *= c4f[3];
+                       c4f[2] *= c4f[3];
+                       c4f[3] = 1;
+                       break;
+               case PBLEND_ALPHA:
+                       // note: lighting is not cheap!
+                       if (particletype[p->typeindex].lighting)
                        {
-                               VectorNegate(p->vel, v);
-                               VectorVectors(v, right, up);
+                               R_CompleteLightPoint(ambient, diffuse, diffusenormal, p->org, true);
+                               c4f[0] *= (ambient[0] + 0.5 * diffuse[0]);
+                               c4f[1] *= (ambient[1] + 0.5 * diffuse[1]);
+                               c4f[2] *= (ambient[2] + 0.5 * diffuse[2]);
                        }
-                       else
-                               VectorVectors(p->vel, right, up);
-                       VectorScale(right, size, right);
-                       VectorScale(up, size, up);
+                       // mix in the fog color
+                       if (r_refdef.fogenabled)
+                       {
+                               fog = RSurf_FogVertex(p->org);
+                               ifog = 1 - fog;
+                               c4f[0] = c4f[0] * fog + r_refdef.fogcolor[0] * ifog;
+                               c4f[1] = c4f[1] * fog + r_refdef.fogcolor[1] * ifog;
+                               c4f[2] = c4f[2] * fog + r_refdef.fogcolor[2] * ifog;
+                       }
+                       break;
                }
-               else
+               // copy the color into the other three vertices
+               Vector4Copy(c4f, c4f + 4);
+               Vector4Copy(c4f, c4f + 8);
+               Vector4Copy(c4f, c4f + 12);
+
+               size = p->size * cl_particles_size.value;
+               tex = &particletexture[p->texnum];
+               switch(p->orientation)
                {
-                       VectorScale(r_viewleft, -size, right);
-                       VectorScale(r_viewup, size, up);
+               case PARTICLE_INVALID:
+               case PARTICLE_BILLBOARD:
+                       VectorScale(r_refdef.view.left, -size * p->stretch, right);
+                       VectorScale(r_refdef.view.up, size, up);
+                       v3f[ 0] = p->org[0] - right[0] - up[0];
+                       v3f[ 1] = p->org[1] - right[1] - up[1];
+                       v3f[ 2] = p->org[2] - right[2] - up[2];
+                       v3f[ 3] = p->org[0] - right[0] + up[0];
+                       v3f[ 4] = p->org[1] - right[1] + up[1];
+                       v3f[ 5] = p->org[2] - right[2] + up[2];
+                       v3f[ 6] = p->org[0] + right[0] + up[0];
+                       v3f[ 7] = p->org[1] + right[1] + up[1];
+                       v3f[ 8] = p->org[2] + right[2] + up[2];
+                       v3f[ 9] = p->org[0] + right[0] - up[0];
+                       v3f[10] = p->org[1] + right[1] - up[1];
+                       v3f[11] = p->org[2] + right[2] - up[2];
+                       t2f[0] = tex->s1;t2f[1] = tex->t2;
+                       t2f[2] = tex->s1;t2f[3] = tex->t1;
+                       t2f[4] = tex->s2;t2f[5] = tex->t1;
+                       t2f[6] = tex->s2;t2f[7] = tex->t2;
+                       break;
+               case PARTICLE_ORIENTED_DOUBLESIDED:
+                       VectorVectors(p->vel, right, up);
+                       VectorScale(right, size * p->stretch, right);
+                       VectorScale(up, size, up);
+                       v3f[ 0] = p->org[0] - right[0] - up[0];
+                       v3f[ 1] = p->org[1] - right[1] - up[1];
+                       v3f[ 2] = p->org[2] - right[2] - up[2];
+                       v3f[ 3] = p->org[0] - right[0] + up[0];
+                       v3f[ 4] = p->org[1] - right[1] + up[1];
+                       v3f[ 5] = p->org[2] - right[2] + up[2];
+                       v3f[ 6] = p->org[0] + right[0] + up[0];
+                       v3f[ 7] = p->org[1] + right[1] + up[1];
+                       v3f[ 8] = p->org[2] + right[2] + up[2];
+                       v3f[ 9] = p->org[0] + right[0] - up[0];
+                       v3f[10] = p->org[1] + right[1] - up[1];
+                       v3f[11] = p->org[2] + right[2] - up[2];
+                       t2f[0] = tex->s1;t2f[1] = tex->t2;
+                       t2f[2] = tex->s1;t2f[3] = tex->t1;
+                       t2f[4] = tex->s2;t2f[5] = tex->t1;
+                       t2f[6] = tex->s2;t2f[7] = tex->t2;
+                       break;
+               case PARTICLE_SPARK:
+                       len = VectorLength(p->vel);
+                       VectorNormalize2(p->vel, up);
+                       lenfactor = p->stretch * 0.04 * len;
+                       if(lenfactor < size * 0.5)
+                               lenfactor = size * 0.5;
+                       VectorMA(p->org, -lenfactor, up, v);
+                       VectorMA(p->org,  lenfactor, up, up2);
+                       R_CalcBeam_Vertex3f(v3f, v, up2, size);
+                       t2f[0] = tex->s1;t2f[1] = tex->t2;
+                       t2f[2] = tex->s1;t2f[3] = tex->t1;
+                       t2f[4] = tex->s2;t2f[5] = tex->t1;
+                       t2f[6] = tex->s2;t2f[7] = tex->t2;
+                       break;
+               case PARTICLE_VBEAM:
+                       R_CalcBeam_Vertex3f(v3f, p->org, p->vel, size);
+                       VectorSubtract(p->vel, p->org, up);
+                       VectorNormalize(up);
+                       v[0] = DotProduct(p->org, up) * (1.0f / 64.0f) * p->stretch;
+                       v[1] = DotProduct(p->vel, up) * (1.0f / 64.0f) * p->stretch;
+                       t2f[0] = tex->s2;t2f[1] = v[0];
+                       t2f[2] = tex->s1;t2f[3] = v[0];
+                       t2f[4] = tex->s1;t2f[5] = v[1];
+                       t2f[6] = tex->s2;t2f[7] = v[1];
+                       break;
+               case PARTICLE_HBEAM:
+                       R_CalcBeam_Vertex3f(v3f, p->org, p->vel, size);
+                       VectorSubtract(p->vel, p->org, up);
+                       VectorNormalize(up);
+                       v[0] = DotProduct(p->org, up) * (1.0f / 64.0f) * p->stretch;
+                       v[1] = DotProduct(p->vel, up) * (1.0f / 64.0f) * p->stretch;
+                       t2f[0] = v[0];t2f[1] = tex->t1;
+                       t2f[2] = v[0];t2f[3] = tex->t2;
+                       t2f[4] = v[1];t2f[5] = tex->t2;
+                       t2f[6] = v[1];t2f[7] = tex->t1;
+                       break;
                }
-               particle_vertex3f[ 0] = org[0] - right[0] - up[0];
-               particle_vertex3f[ 1] = org[1] - right[1] - up[1];
-               particle_vertex3f[ 2] = org[2] - right[2] - up[2];
-               particle_vertex3f[ 3] = org[0] - right[0] + up[0];
-               particle_vertex3f[ 4] = org[1] - right[1] + up[1];
-               particle_vertex3f[ 5] = org[2] - right[2] + up[2];
-               particle_vertex3f[ 6] = org[0] + right[0] + up[0];
-               particle_vertex3f[ 7] = org[1] + right[1] + up[1];
-               particle_vertex3f[ 8] = org[2] + right[2] + up[2];
-               particle_vertex3f[ 9] = org[0] + right[0] - up[0];
-               particle_vertex3f[10] = org[1] + right[1] - up[1];
-               particle_vertex3f[11] = org[2] + right[2] - up[2];
-               particle_texcoord2f[0] = tex->s1;particle_texcoord2f[1] = tex->t2;
-               particle_texcoord2f[2] = tex->s1;particle_texcoord2f[3] = tex->t1;
-               particle_texcoord2f[4] = tex->s2;particle_texcoord2f[5] = tex->t1;
-               particle_texcoord2f[6] = tex->s2;particle_texcoord2f[7] = tex->t2;
-       }
-       else if (p->type->orientation == PARTICLE_SPARK)
-       {
-               VectorMA(p->org, -0.02, p->vel, v);
-               VectorMA(p->org, 0.02, p->vel, up2);
-               R_CalcBeam_Vertex3f(particle_vertex3f, v, up2, size);
-               particle_texcoord2f[0] = tex->s1;particle_texcoord2f[1] = tex->t2;
-               particle_texcoord2f[2] = tex->s1;particle_texcoord2f[3] = tex->t1;
-               particle_texcoord2f[4] = tex->s2;particle_texcoord2f[5] = tex->t1;
-               particle_texcoord2f[6] = tex->s2;particle_texcoord2f[7] = tex->t2;
-       }
-       else if (p->type->orientation == PARTICLE_BEAM)
-       {
-               R_CalcBeam_Vertex3f(particle_vertex3f, p->org, p->vel, size);
-               VectorSubtract(p->vel, p->org, up);
-               VectorNormalize(up);
-               v[0] = DotProduct(p->org, up) * (1.0f / 64.0f);
-               v[1] = DotProduct(p->vel, up) * (1.0f / 64.0f);
-               particle_texcoord2f[0] = 1;particle_texcoord2f[1] = v[0];
-               particle_texcoord2f[2] = 0;particle_texcoord2f[3] = v[0];
-               particle_texcoord2f[4] = 0;particle_texcoord2f[5] = v[1];
-               particle_texcoord2f[6] = 1;particle_texcoord2f[7] = v[1];
        }
-       else
+
+       // now render batches of particles based on blendmode and texture
+       blendmode = PBLEND_INVALID;
+       texture = NULL;
+       GL_LockArrays(0, numsurfaces*4);
+       batchstart = 0;
+       batchcount = 0;
+       for (surfacelistindex = 0;surfacelistindex < numsurfaces;)
        {
-               Con_Printf("R_DrawParticles: unknown particle orientation %i\n", p->type->orientation);
-               return;
-       }
+               p = cl.particles + surfacelist[surfacelistindex];
 
-       R_Mesh_Draw(0, 4, 2, polygonelements);
+               if (blendmode != p->blendmode)
+               {
+                       blendmode = p->blendmode;
+                       switch(blendmode)
+                       {
+                       case PBLEND_ALPHA:
+                               GL_BlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
+                               break;
+                       case PBLEND_INVALID:
+                       case PBLEND_ADD:
+                               GL_BlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE);
+                               break;
+                       case PBLEND_INVMOD:
+                               GL_BlendFunc(GL_ZERO, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_COLOR);
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+               if (texture != particletexture[p->texnum].texture)
+               {
+                       texture = particletexture[p->texnum].texture;
+                       R_Mesh_TexBind(0, R_GetTexture(texture));
+               }
+
+               // iterate until we find a change in settings
+               batchstart = surfacelistindex++;
+               for (;surfacelistindex < numsurfaces;surfacelistindex++)
+               {
+                       p = cl.particles + surfacelist[surfacelistindex];
+                       if (blendmode != p->blendmode || texture != particletexture[p->texnum].texture)
+                               break;
+               }
+
+               batchcount = surfacelistindex - batchstart;
+               R_Mesh_Draw(batchstart * 4, batchcount * 4, batchstart * 2, batchcount * 2, NULL, particle_elements, 0, 0);
+       }
+       GL_LockArrays(0, 0);
 }
 
 void R_DrawParticles (void)
 {
-       int i;
+       int i, a, content;
+       int drawparticles = r_drawparticles.integer;
        float minparticledist;
        particle_t *p;
+       float gravity, dvel, decalfade, frametime, f, dist, oldorg[3];
+       float drawdist2;
+       int hitent;
+       trace_t trace;
+       qboolean update;
+
+       frametime = bound(0, cl.time - cl.particles_updatetime, 1);
+       cl.particles_updatetime = bound(cl.time - 1, cl.particles_updatetime + frametime, cl.time + 1);
 
        // LordHavoc: early out conditions
-       if ((!cl.num_particles) || (!r_drawparticles.integer))
+       if (!cl.num_particles)
                return;
 
-       minparticledist = DotProduct(r_vieworigin, r_viewforward) + 4.0f;
+       minparticledist = DotProduct(r_refdef.view.origin, r_refdef.view.forward) + 4.0f;
+       gravity = frametime * cl.movevars_gravity;
+       dvel = 1+4*frametime;
+       decalfade = frametime * 255 / cl_decals_fadetime.value;
+       update = frametime > 0;
+       drawdist2 = r_drawparticles_drawdistance.value * r_refdef.view.quality;
+       drawdist2 = drawdist2*drawdist2;
 
-       // LordHavoc: only render if not too close
        for (i = 0, p = cl.particles;i < cl.num_particles;i++, p++)
        {
-               if (p->type)
+               if (!p->typeindex)
+               {
+                       if (cl.free_particle > i)
+                               cl.free_particle = i;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (update)
                {
-                       renderstats.particles++;
-                       if (DotProduct(p->org, r_viewforward) >= minparticledist || p->type->orientation == PARTICLE_BEAM)
+                       if (p->delayedspawn > cl.time)
+                               continue;
+                       p->delayedspawn = 0;
+
+                       content = 0;
+
+                       p->size += p->sizeincrease * frametime;
+                       p->alpha -= p->alphafade * frametime;
+
+                       if (p->alpha <= 0 || p->die <= cl.time)
+                               goto killparticle;
+
+                       if (p->orientation != PARTICLE_VBEAM && p->orientation != PARTICLE_HBEAM && frametime > 0)
                        {
-                               if (p->type == particletype + pt_decal)
-                                       R_DrawParticle_TransparentCallback(0, i, 0);
+                               if (p->liquidfriction && (CL_PointSuperContents(p->org) & SUPERCONTENTS_LIQUIDSMASK))
+                               {
+                                       if (p->typeindex == pt_blood)
+                                               p->size += frametime * 8;
+                                       else
+                                               p->vel[2] -= p->gravity * gravity;
+                                       f = 1.0f - min(p->liquidfriction * frametime, 1);
+                                       VectorScale(p->vel, f, p->vel);
+                               }
                                else
-                                       R_MeshQueue_AddTransparent(p->org, R_DrawParticle_TransparentCallback, NULL, i, NULL);
+                               {
+                                       p->vel[2] -= p->gravity * gravity;
+                                       if (p->airfriction)
+                                       {
+                                               f = 1.0f - min(p->airfriction * frametime, 1);
+                                               VectorScale(p->vel, f, p->vel);
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               VectorCopy(p->org, oldorg);
+                               VectorMA(p->org, frametime, p->vel, p->org);
+                               if (p->bounce && cl.time >= p->delayedcollisions)
+                               {
+                                       trace = CL_TraceLine(oldorg, p->org, MOVE_NOMONSTERS, NULL, SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID | SUPERCONTENTS_BODY | ((p->typeindex == pt_rain || p->typeindex == pt_snow) ? SUPERCONTENTS_LIQUIDSMASK : 0), true, false, &hitent, false);
+                                       // if the trace started in or hit something of SUPERCONTENTS_NODROP
+                                       // or if the trace hit something flagged as NOIMPACT
+                                       // then remove the particle
+                                       if (trace.hitq3surfaceflags & Q3SURFACEFLAG_NOIMPACT || ((trace.startsupercontents | trace.hitsupercontents) & SUPERCONTENTS_NODROP) || (trace.startsupercontents & SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID))
+                                               goto killparticle;
+                                       VectorCopy(trace.endpos, p->org);
+                                       // react if the particle hit something
+                                       if (trace.fraction < 1)
+                                       {
+                                               VectorCopy(trace.endpos, p->org);
+
+                                               if (p->staintexnum >= 0)
+                                               {
+                                                       // blood - splash on solid
+                                                       if (!(trace.hitq3surfaceflags & Q3SURFACEFLAG_NOMARKS))
+                                                       {
+                                                               R_Stain(p->org, 16,
+                                                                       (p->staincolor >> 16) & 0xFF, (p->staincolor >> 8) & 0xFF, p->staincolor & 0xFF, (int)(p->alpha * p->size * (1.0f / 80.0f)),
+                                                                       (p->staincolor >> 16) & 0xFF, (p->staincolor >> 8) & 0xFF, p->staincolor & 0xFF, (int)(p->alpha * p->size * (1.0f / 80.0f)));
+                                                               if (cl_decals.integer)
+                                                               {
+                                                                       // create a decal for the blood splat
+                                                                       CL_SpawnDecalParticleForSurface(hitent, p->org, trace.plane.normal, 0xFFFFFF ^ p->staincolor, 0xFFFFFF ^ p->staincolor, p->staintexnum, p->size * 2, p->alpha); // staincolor needs to be inverted for decals!
+                                                               }
+                                                       }
+                                               }
+
+                                               if (p->typeindex == pt_blood)
+                                               {
+                                                       // blood - splash on solid
+                                                       if (trace.hitq3surfaceflags & Q3SURFACEFLAG_NOMARKS)
+                                                               goto killparticle;
+                                                       if(p->staintexnum == -1) // staintex < -1 means no stains at all
+                                                       {
+                                                               R_Stain(p->org, 16, 64, 16, 16, (int)(p->alpha * p->size * (1.0f / 80.0f)), 64, 32, 32, (int)(p->alpha * p->size * (1.0f / 80.0f)));
+                                                               if (cl_decals.integer)
+                                                               {
+                                                                       // create a decal for the blood splat
+                                                                       CL_SpawnDecalParticleForSurface(hitent, p->org, trace.plane.normal, p->color[0] * 65536 + p->color[1] * 256 + p->color[2], p->color[0] * 65536 + p->color[1] * 256 + p->color[2], tex_blooddecal[rand()&7], p->size * 2, p->alpha);
+                                                               }
+                                                       }
+                                                       goto killparticle;
+                                               }
+                                               else if (p->bounce < 0)
+                                               {
+                                                       // bounce -1 means remove on impact
+                                                       goto killparticle;
+                                               }
+                                               else
+                                               {
+                                                       // anything else - bounce off solid
+                                                       dist = DotProduct(p->vel, trace.plane.normal) * -p->bounce;
+                                                       VectorMA(p->vel, dist, trace.plane.normal, p->vel);
+                                                       if (DotProduct(p->vel, p->vel) < 0.03)
+                                                               VectorClear(p->vel);
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       if (p->typeindex != pt_static)
+                       {
+                               switch (p->typeindex)
+                               {
+                               case pt_entityparticle:
+                                       // particle that removes itself after one rendered frame
+                                       if (p->time2)
+                                               goto killparticle;
+                                       else
+                                               p->time2 = 1;
+                                       break;
+                               case pt_blood:
+                                       a = CL_PointSuperContents(p->org);
+                                       if (a & (SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID | SUPERCONTENTS_LAVA | SUPERCONTENTS_NODROP))
+                                               goto killparticle;
+                                       break;
+                               case pt_bubble:
+                                       a = CL_PointSuperContents(p->org);
+                                       if (!(a & (SUPERCONTENTS_WATER | SUPERCONTENTS_SLIME)))
+                                               goto killparticle;
+                                       break;
+                               case pt_rain:
+                                       a = CL_PointSuperContents(p->org);
+                                       if (a & (SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID | SUPERCONTENTS_BODY | SUPERCONTENTS_LIQUIDSMASK))
+                                               goto killparticle;
+                                       break;
+                               case pt_snow:
+                                       if (cl.time > p->time2)
+                                       {
+                                               // snow flutter
+                                               p->time2 = cl.time + (rand() & 3) * 0.1;
+                                               p->vel[0] = p->vel[0] * 0.9f + lhrandom(-32, 32);
+                                               p->vel[1] = p->vel[0] * 0.9f + lhrandom(-32, 32);
+                                       }
+                                       a = CL_PointSuperContents(p->org);
+                                       if (a & (SUPERCONTENTS_SOLID | SUPERCONTENTS_BODY | SUPERCONTENTS_LIQUIDSMASK))
+                                               goto killparticle;
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       break;
+                               }
                        }
                }
+               else if (p->delayedspawn)
+                       continue;
+               if (!drawparticles)
+                       continue;
+               // don't render particles too close to the view (they chew fillrate)
+               // also don't render particles behind the view (useless)
+               // further checks to cull to the frustum would be too slow here
+               switch(p->typeindex)
+               {
+               case pt_beam:
+                       // beams have no culling
+                       R_MeshQueue_AddTransparent(p->org, R_DrawParticle_TransparentCallback, NULL, i, NULL);
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       if(cl_particles_visculling.integer)
+                               if (!r_refdef.viewcache.world_novis)
+                                       if(r_refdef.scene.worldmodel && r_refdef.scene.worldmodel->brush.PointInLeaf)
+                                       {
+                                               mleaf_t *leaf = r_refdef.scene.worldmodel->brush.PointInLeaf(r_refdef.scene.worldmodel, p->org);
+                                               if(leaf)
+                                                       if(!CHECKPVSBIT(r_refdef.viewcache.world_pvsbits, leaf->clusterindex))
+                                                               continue;
+                                       }
+                       // anything else just has to be in front of the viewer and visible at this distance
+                       if (DotProduct(p->org, r_refdef.view.forward) >= minparticledist && VectorDistance2(p->org, r_refdef.view.origin) < drawdist2 * (p->size * p->size))
+                               R_MeshQueue_AddTransparent(p->org, R_DrawParticle_TransparentCallback, NULL, i, NULL);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               continue;
+killparticle:
+               p->typeindex = 0;
+               if (cl.free_particle > i)
+                       cl.free_particle = i;
        }
-}
 
+       // reduce cl.num_particles if possible
+       while (cl.num_particles > 0 && cl.particles[cl.num_particles - 1].typeindex == 0)
+               cl.num_particles--;
+
+       if (cl.num_particles == cl.max_particles && cl.max_particles < ABSOLUTE_MAX_PARTICLES)
+       {
+               particle_t *oldparticles = cl.particles;
+               cl.max_particles = min(cl.max_particles * 2, ABSOLUTE_MAX_PARTICLES);
+               cl.particles = (particle_t *) Mem_Alloc(cls.levelmempool, cl.max_particles * sizeof(particle_t));
+               memcpy(cl.particles, oldparticles, cl.num_particles * sizeof(particle_t));
+               Mem_Free(oldparticles);
+       }
+}